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Future Tech
frstabler@cs.com
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TEG Unit
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Exhaust Gas In
TH-IN = 450 600 C
TH = 300 500 C
TC = 110-150C
Coolant In
TC-in = 80-100C
Hot Side
Heat Exchanger
Thermoelectric
Modules
Cold Side
Heat Exchanger
Electric
Power
Power
Conditioning
& Vehicle
Interface
Coolant Out
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Hot exhaust
inlet
Cold-side
heat
exchanger
Exhaust
heat
exchanger
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Heat source
Cooling source
Heat exchangers
Thermoelectric modules
Selection, placement, & thermal management
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Combustion
100%
Gasoline
Gasoline
Gasoline
Vehicle Operation
25%
Mobility &
Accessories
5%
Friction &
Parasitic Losses
30%
Coolant
40%
Exhaust
Gas
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Availability
Moderate volume now & very high volume in
long term
Economics
Low $/Watt installed capability
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Thermoelectric Modules
Availability of modules in the necessary quantity
Existing manufacturing facilities
None or very limited today?
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Electrical considerations:
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Automotive Environment
Limited space to install added equipment
Shock and vibration
Requires a rugged design or isolation from vehicle
Ambient air thermal extremes (-40 to 50 C)
Thermal shock
Typical: 20 to 400 C; extreme: -40 to 400 C in less than 2 minutes
Thermal cycling
Average 1500 cycles per year for at least 10 years,
More cycles for frequent short trips or hybrid vehicles
Long life
Minimum 5000 operating hours
Minimum design life 10 years or 150,000 miles
Target 20 year life and 200,000 miles
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Economic Considerations
The customer must perceive sufficient benefit to pay for
the cost of a TEG
The real number to focus on is $ per MPG (miles per
gallon) improvement
May use $ cost per Watt output for the complete TEG system
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Summary
Address the complete TEG system
Consider all of the changes and components
to be added to a vehicle
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0.06
0.05
1000
0.04
800
0.03
600
0.02
400
0.01
200
0.00
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
TEMPERATURE (K)
COOLANT TEMPERATURE
0
3000
TIME (SEC)
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Hot Fluid In
(Exhaust Gas
or Coolant)
Cooling Fluid
In
(Coolant or Air)
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Hot Side
Heat Exchanger
Thermoelectric
Modules
Cold Side
Heat Exchanger
Cooling Fluid
Out
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