AP U.S.

History Quiz #3

Teacher Noelle

Name: _______________________________________________ Date:

_______________________________
1. President Lincolns plan for Reconstruction was opposed by some
Radical Republicans because they
(A) felt it was too harsh on Southerners
(B) felt it was too lenient on the South
(C) believed it was too generous to the freedmen
(D) believed it would be impractical to carry out
(E) worried it would raise taxes too high
2. Which of the following would be considered an achieved success
of
Reconstruction in the South?
(A) Racist policies were ended.
(B) Industrialization was successfully implemented.
(C) African-Americans were given redistributed land.
(D) A public school system was successfully created.
(E) Tensions with the North were ended.
3. The Ku Klux Klan formed during Reconstruction with the purpose
of
(A) fighting Union armies stationed in the South
(B) keeping African-Americans from exercising rights
(C) taking control of Southern state governments
(D) restarting the Confederacy
(E) helping poor whites improve their economic status
4. The practice of slavery was officially ended in the United States
with
(A) the Emancipation Proclamation
(B) passage of the Twelfth Amendment
(C) passage of the Thirteenth Amendment
(D) passage of the Fourteenth Amendment
(E) passage of the Fifteenth Amendment
5. Following the Civil War, the rights of freedmen were restricted by
Southern governments through
(A) refusal to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment
(B) the holding of constitutional conventions
(C) creation of Black Codes
(D) refusal to pay debts remaining from the war

(E) division of the South into military districts

1. B
LincolnsplanforReconstructionwasconsideredlenientbymanyRadicalRepublicans.ManyfeltthattheSouthneededtobe
punishedforsecedingfromtheUnionandstartingthewar.Lincoln,however,feltitwasmoreimportanttoreunifythenation,and
hisplanillustratedthisinmanyways.Herequiredonly10percentofthevotingpopulationsineachstatetotakeanoathof
allegiance.EachstatewasrequiredtoestablishanewstategovernmentthatsworetoupholdtheThirteenthAmendmentand
emancipation.Afterthiswascompleted,stateswouldbeallowedtoholdelectionsandresumeparticipationintheUnion.Lincoln
alsoofferedpardonstoanyConfederatewhotookaloyaltyoath,thoughmilitaryandgovernmentofficialsweredeniedthis.He
alsodidnotrequireanystatetogiveformerslavestherighttovote.Lincolnsleniencywasalsoillustratedbyhisrejectionofthe
1864WadeDavisBill.FearingthatSouthernstateswouldreinstituteslaveryafterbeingreadmittedtotheUnion,Radical
Republicansintroducedthelegislationtoincreasethepercentageofvotersrequiredtotakeapledgefrom10percentto50percent.
ThisillustratedtheclashingofopposingviewpointsthatwoulddefinetheReconstructionEra.
2. D
TheFreedmansBureau,ortheBureauofRefugees,FreedmenandAbandonedLands,wascreatedin1865toprovideaidtofreed
peopleandhelpthemmaketheadjustmenttofreedom.ItwascreatedundertheU.S.DepartmentofWarandheadedbyGeneral
OliverO.Howard.Whilethebureauwasshortlived(itwasdismantledby1869),itplayedanimportantroleinprovidingforthe
basicneedsofmillionsofwarrefugees.It,alongwithotherprogramsestablishedusingReconstructionfunds,createdapublic
schoolsystemsimilartotheonesfoundintheNorthin1872.TheFreedmansBureaufurtheraddressedtheeducationalneedsof
AfricanAmericans.Initsshortexistence,itcreatednearly4,000schools,includingHowardUniversitynearWashington,D.C.,in
1867.
3. B
In1866,agroupofformerConfederatesoldiersinTennesseecreatedasecretsocietytheycalledtheKuKluxKlan.Membership
inthesocietyspreadthroughouttheSouth,encouragedbySouthernwhitesfearsofAfricanAmericansnewlyfoundrightsand
freedoms.MuchofthemembershipconsistedofformerConfederateleaders,whowereexcludedfrompardonsandtherefore
politics.AsReconstructionprogressed,theviolentactsoftheKlanincreased.Raidswereconductedonblackcommunitiesaswell
asonthosewhosupportedRepublicanreforms.Fearandintimidationwereusedtokeepblackcommunitiesfromvoting,aswell
astoforceAfricanAmericansintoasubordinateroleinsociety.CongressrespondedbypassingtheEnforcementActsin1870
and1871.Theseactsoutlawedtheuseofterrorandforcetokeeppeoplefromexercisingtheirrighttovote.Themilitarywasalso
usedtosuppresstheKlansactivities,helpingtowipeouttheKlan.TheorganizationlaterreemergedinthepostReconstruction
years,however,andbegantoplayamajorroleinpoliticsinvariousregionsthroughoutthenation.
4. C
(C)TheThirteenthAmendment,adoptedonDecember6,1865,wasthefirstoftheReconstructionAmendments.Itofficially
abolishedslaveryandinvoluntaryservitude,exceptaspunishmentforacrime.WhiletheEmancipationProclamation,announced
byLincolnin1863,wasintendedtofreeslaves,itdidsoonlyinareascontrolledbytheConfederacyanddidnotaddressthe
borderstates.TheTwelfthAmendment,ratifiedin1804,didnotdealwithslaveryortherightsofAfricanAmericansatall.Its
intentionwastocorrectproblemswithinthepresidentialelectoralprocess.Seeanswerstoquestions297and299fordescriptions
oftheFourteenthandFifteenthAmendments.
5. C
AsSouthernstatesmetthedemandsoftheReconstructionPlansandwererestoredintotheUnion,manybegantopasslawsthat
restrictedAfricanAmericansrights.TheselawswereknownasBlackCodes.Thesecodeswereintendedtokeepnewlyfreed
slavesintheirsubordinatepositions,denythempoliticalempowerment,andkeepthemoutofcertainsectorsoftheeconomy.
BlackCodestooktheformofstrictcurfews,vagrancylaws,forcedlaborcontracts,andrestrictionsofpropertyownership.The
RadicalRepublicansattemptedtocombattheseactionsthroughstricterReconstructionmeasures,passageofequalrightslaws,
andtheuseofthemilitary.WhenReconstructionended,thesecodescontinuedandgrewevenmoresevere.