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HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
DIET THERAPY
OBJECTIVES
To maintain good nutrition or correct
any deficiency
To provide rest to an organ or to the
whole body as affected by the illness
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
DIET THERAPY
OBJECTIVES
To adjust body weight to a desirable
body level
To supply a dietary regimen according
to the patients metabolism for kind,
amount, and time of eating of the food
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
DIET THERAPY
GENERAL PRINCIPLES
Simplification
Liberalization
Individualization
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
DIET THERAPY
DIET MODIFICATION FORMS
Change in consistency of foods
Increase or decrease in the energy
value of food
Increase or decrease in bulk
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
DIET THERAPY
DIET MODIFICATION FORMS
Include or omit specific kind of food
Adjustments in the composition of
nutrients
Modify the flavor
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
CARBOHYDRATES
Organic compounds containing
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
Functions
Protein sparer
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
CARBOHYDRATES
Functions
Body constituents
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
CARBOHYDRATES
Sole energy source of the brain and
nerve tissue
Regulator of gastrointestinal
peristalsis
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS
Elements that contain are carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen
Functions
Source of energy
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
LIPIDS
Fats and oils
Also contain elements like carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen but with
different proportion and structural
arrangement
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
LIPIDS
Lower proportion of oxygen than
carbohydrates
Water insoluble but soluble in organic
solvents
II.
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
LIPIDS
Functions
HEALTH INTERVENTION
NUTRITION AND DIET
FOOD NUTRIENTS
LIPIDS
Functions
DIFFERENT DIETS
REGULAR, NORMAL
OR FULL DIET
To maintain an individual
in a state of nutritive
sufficiency
Use as basis for planning
therapeutic diets
DIFFERENT DIETS
CLEAR LIQUID DIET
Highly restrictive
Little nutritive value
With some electrolytes
cases
Diarrhea, vomiting
Acute inflammation of the
GIT
DIFFERENT DIETS
COLD LIQUID DIET
To minimize pain,
Post-tonsilectomy
Dental extraction
Other minor operations
of the mouth
DIFFERENT DIETS
FULL LIQUID OR
GENERAL LIQUID
DIET
DIFFERENT DIETS
TUBE FEEDING DIET
administered through a
tube
Complete nourishment in
Enteral nutrition
Comatose
Following strokes
Anorexia nervosa
DIFFERENT DIETS
SOFT OR LIGHT DIET
Acute infection
Some GIT disturbance
Fever
DIFFERENT DIETS
MECHANICAL SOFT
DIET
minimal chewing
Poor dentures
Oral surgery
Elderly
DIFFERENT DIETS
BLAND DIET
chemically, thermally,
mechanically, nonirritating
Acute infection
Some GIT disturbance
Fever
DIFFERENT DIETS
HIGH FIBER DIET
and pectin
Constipation
Irritable bowel syndrome
DM
DIFFERENT DIETS
FIBER RESTRICTED
DIET
an obstructing bolus by
high fiber food in patients
with narrowed intestinal
or esophageal lumen
connective tissue
Immature vegetables,
riped, canned or wellcooked fruits, tender
meat bulk of stool
When bowel is markedly
inflammed
Intestinal stenosis
Esophageal varices
DIFFERENT DIETS
KILOCALORIE
RESTRICTED DIET
Weight reduction
programs
Obese
DIFFERENT DIETS
HIGH CALORIE DIET
Underweight
Hyperthyroidism
Convalescence
Fever
DIFFERENT DIETS
LACTOSE-FREE DIET
known sources of
lactose-milk and milk
products
Control of galactosemia
Primary or secondary
lactase deficiency
Celiac disease
DIFFERENT DIETS
HIGH PROTEIN DIET
Malnourished
rehabilitation of the
protein and kilocalorie
malnourished patient
Prevent weight loss and
tissue wasting
Nutritionally wasted
DIFFERENT DIETS
PROTEIN
RESTRICTED DIET
(GIORDANO
GIOVANETTI)
Renal failure
DIFFERENT DIETS
PHENYLALANINE
RESTRICTED DIET
Provide protein,
phenylalanine, tyrosine,
energy and other
nutrients for normal
growth and development
and nutritional status
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
DIFFERENT DIETS
BRAT DIET
Tea
Source of kilocalories,
Diarrhea
DIFFERENT DIETS
HYPOALLERGENIC
DIET
Exclude or eliminate a