Classical Mechanics Solutions of Assignment -1

August 23, 2015

Prob.1
Given that z = 4ay 2
Let us take z = 4cy 2
We can write the Lagrangian Equations for this motion
1
T = m(r 2 + r2 2 + z 2 )
2
U = mgz
In our case r = y and z = cy 2 so we can say that
z = 2ycy
and we know that . = t and =
Now we can write the Lagrangian as L = T U
1
L = m(y2 + y 2 2 + 4y 2 c2 y 2 ) mgcy 2
2
Now
d L
= my + 4my 2 c2 y
dt y
and L
= my 2 2mgcy + 4mc2 y y
y
putting these two in Lagrangian equation we get
m
y (1 + 4y 2 c2 ) = my 2 2mgcy + 4mc2 y y

Prob.2
2

r
Given that F = r12 (1 r c2
2
)
+ dtd V
F is defined as V
r
r
So comparing with the respective factors we have  


1
d V
r 2
V
=
;
= 2
r
r
dt r
cr
2

So, V (r) = 1r + cr2 r

Hence the Lagrangian would be :
1 2 1
r 2
L = mr + 2
2
r cr

Prob.3
Writing the Lagrangian Equation :
1
T = m(r 2 + r2 2 + z 2 )
2
and V = mgz
Writing L
1
L = m(r 2 + r2 2 + z 2 ) mgz
2
As we know = t and =
Constraint : r = R
d
L
dt partial

= m
r;

d L
dt

= mr2 ;

d L
dt z

V = mgr cos
Now put

= m
z

x = r cos sin ; y = r sin sin ; z = r cos ;

=
Finding x ; y and z
x = r cos cos + r cos sin r sin sin
y = r sin sin + rcos sin + r sin cos
z = r cos r sin
Now writing Lagrangian
1
L = m(r 2 + r2 2 + r2 sin2 2 ) mgr cos
2
= mr + mr sin2 2 mgr cos

d L
dt r

= m
r and

d L
dt

= mr2 and

d L
dt

= mr2 sin2 and

L
r

=
L

Prob.4
We know that :
L
d L
=
dt qm
qm
So substituting it in Lagrange equations of motion,
We obtain


d
d

0
L + F (q1 , q2 ...qm ) =
dt qm
dt
t qm
Now we can write LHS as :





F
L
d F
d L
+
=
+
dt q
q t
q
dt q
3

Now :
L
q

d
dt
Hence :

!
=

2F
2F
+
q
tq
q 2

d F
F
=
dt q
q

Prob.5
L=

k
m
(ax 2 + 2bx y + cy 2 ) (ax2 + 2bxy + cy 2 )
2
2
d
dt

L
x


= ma
x + mb
y

d L
= mb
x + mc
y
dt y
and
L
= (Kax + Kby)
x
and

L
= K(bx + cy)
y

Now write equations of motion by using Lagrangian

Prob.6
x1 = l1 sin 1 and y1 = l1 cos 1
x2 = l1 sin 1 l2 sin 2 and y2 = l1 cos 1 + l2 cos 2
therefore :
1 and y1 = l1 sin 1 1
x1 = l1 cos 1
4

x2 l1 cos 1 1 l2 sin 2 and y2 = l1 ( sin 1 )1 l2 sin 2 2

Now writing Lagrangian :
So,
V = m1 gl1 cos 1 m2 gl2 cos 2 m2 gl1 cos 1
1
1
T = m1 (x1 2 + y1 2 ) + m2 (x1 2 + y 2 )
2
2

So
1
1
2
T = m1 l1 1 + m2 (l12 cos2 1 2 + l22 2 2l1 l2 cos(theta1 + 2 )
2
2
Now writing Lagrangian :
L=T V

1
2 1
= m1 l1 1 + m2 (l12 cos2 1 2 +l22 2 2l1 l2 cos(theta1 +2 )(m1 gl1 cos 1 m2 gl2 cos 2 m2 gl1 co
2
2
d
dt

L
1

= m1 l12 1 + m2 l1 1 m2 gl1 l2 cos(1 + 2 )2

L
= m1 gl1 sin 1 m2 gl1 sin 1
1
Same way find
d L
dt 2
and

L
2
and use Lagrangian equations to find the final relations of motions.

Prob.7
Given that

 2

d L
q + mq
= et m
dt q
L
= et kq
q

Therefore, m
q + mq + kq = 0
.....(1) { equation of damped harmonic oscillator }
t

For s = e 2 q
q = se
t/2

q = e

t/2

1
set/2
2



1
4s
1
+
s s s
2
2
4

put the value of q q in eq (1)

We will get

s +

4
k

m 4/

Prob.8
x = l cos sin ; z = cos ; y = l sin sin
Now find x,
y and z
1
T = m(x 2 + y 2 + x 2 )
2
m
T = (l2 sin2 2 + l2 2 )
2
Writing Lagrangian
L=T V =

m 2 2 2
(l sin + l2 2 ) mgl cos
2

Prob.9
Given that
F = kr cos ~r

since there no component in this force

V
= (kr2 /2) cos + F ()

is cyclic
Since no component, hence angular momentum is conserved ( )

Prob.10
Equation of paraboloid
x2 + y 2 = az
Potential Energy V = mgz
Let us say : x = uv cos ; y = uv sin ; z = 0.5(u2 v 2 )
Therefore V =

mg
(u2
2

v2)

Prob.11
For a charged particle in electromagnetic field the force experinced is given
by Lorentz force
~ + V~ xB)
~
F = q(E
now on moving through field let it be accelerated by a velocity v such that :1
T = mv 2
2

F = U

d U
dt r

~ = A
E
t
~ is the potential and
where A
is the electric potential
and B = XA So

1
~ r
L = mr 2 q + q A.
2