mv

NDI

G YA
N

Presents

C.B.S.E.
12th Class

CHEMISTRY
MOCK TEST PAPER
with

SOLUTIONS
NAGPUR CENTRE

JABALPUR CENTRE
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WARDHA ROAD

24, Pragati Colony,

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Pragati colony

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Ganesh Nagar, New

Cement Road

1525, Near Stadium,

Beside Dena Bank

RANJHI

Technocrate Classes,
Vehicle Turn

www.momentumacademy.com

Page 2 of 12

Time : 3 Hours

Maximum Marks : 70

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
i.

All questions are compulsory.

ii.

Question number 1 to 8 are very short-answer questions each of 1 mark.

iii.

Question number 9 to 18 are short-answer questions each of 2 mark.

iv.

Question number 19 to 27 are short-answer questions each of 3 mark.

v.

Question number 28 to 30 are long-answer questions each of 5 mark.

vi.

Use log table, if necessary use of calculators in not allowed.

1.

State the condition resulting in reverse osmosis.

2.

How does the addition of alum purify water ?

3.

Refining of which metal is done by using Monds precess ? What is the compound formed in this process?

4.

Name of type of isomerism exhibited by the following isomers :

Pt ( NH 3 )4 [ PtCl6 ] and Pt ( NH 3 )4 Cl2 [ PtCl4 ]

5.

Lower alcohols are soluble in water, higher alcohols are not. Why ?

6.

Draw the structural formula of hex-2-en-4-ynoic acid.

7.

Write the IUPAC name of the following :

N H ( C H 3 )2 O C O C H 3

glucose and glucose ?

8.

What structural difference is there between

9.

Aluminium metal forms a cubic face centred close packed crystal structure. Its atomic radius is 125 10 12 m
(a) Calculate the length of the side of the unit cell.
(b) How many unit cell are there is

1.0 m3 of aluminium ?

10.

What type of defect can arise when a solid is heated ? Which physical property is affected by it and in what
way ?

11.

Define Osmotic pressure

Arrange the following solutions in increasing order of osmotic pressure :
(a)
(c)

12.

34.2 g L1 of sucrose
90 g L1 of glucose

18g of glucose

(b)

60 g L1 of urea

(d)

58.5 g L1 of NaCl

(C6 H12O6 ) is dissolved in 1kg of water in a saucepan. At what temperature will water boil

under 1.013 bar pressure ? Given

Kb for water is 0.52K kg mol 1 .

OR

A solution contains 0.8960g of

K 2 SO4 in 500mL. Its osmotic pressure is found to be 0.69 atm at 27C.

Calculate the value of Vant Hoff factor.

Page 3 of 12

13.

What aspect of a reaction is influenced by presence of catalyst which increases the rate or possibility of the
reaction ?

14.

The extractin of

15.

Give equations for the following :

16.

Au by leaching with NaCN involves both oxidation and reduction. Justify giving equations.

(a)

XeF2 + H 2O

(b)

XeF6 + H 2O

(c)

XeF6 + PF5

(d)

XeF6 + NaF

(a) Assign the formula to complex formed by Fe 2 + with following ligands .

(i) three cyanide ion and three ammonia molecules.
(ii) one hydroxy ion, two ammonia molecules and three chlorine ions.
(b) Write all isomers of Pt ( NH 3 )3 ( SCN ) ( SCN )

17.

(a) Which compound in the following pairs will react faster in

(i)

CH 3 Br or CH 3 I

(ii)

CH 3 Br or (CH 3 )3 CBr

S N 2 reaction ?

(b) Why does not ammonolysis of alkyl halides yield pure amines ?
18.

Describe laboratory prepareation of chloroform . Why is stored in dark coloured bottle ? Give four main
uses of chloroform.

19.

The catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide was studied by titrating it at different intervals with

KMnO4 . Calculate the rate constant from the following data, assuming the reaction to be of first order.
t(sec)

600

1200

KMnO4 ( mL )

22.8

13.8

8.2

20.

What are emulsions ? What are their different types ? Give an examples of each type.

21.

Give a suitable explanations for the following :

(a) Sulphurous acid acts as a reducing agent.
(b) Argon not form diatomic molecules like
(c) Iodine form I 3 but

22.

O2 and N 2 .

F2 does not form F3 ions.

Give suitable explanations for the following :

(a)

NF3 is not hydrolysed while NCl3 can be readily hydrolysed

(b)

H 3 PO3 a diprotic acid

(c) Sulphur vapours exhibit some paramagnetic behaviour.

OR
Give suitable explanations for the following :
(a)

SF6 is used as a gaseous electrical insulator.

(b)

NO becomes brown when released in air.

(c)

NO is paramagnetic in the gaseous state but diamagnetic in the liquid and solid states.

Page 4 of 12

23.

(a) Name the reagents and write the chemical equations for the preparation of the following compounds by
Willamsons synthesis :
(i) Ethoxybenzene
(ii) 2-Methyl-2-methoxypropane
(b) Why do phenols not give protonation reaction readily ?

24.

Carry out the following conversion :

(a) Acetone to isopropylamine
(b) Benzaldehyde to cyanbenzene
(c) Nitrobenzene to m-bromophenol

25.

In an electric field, towards which electrode an amino acid would migrate at a

(a) pH < isoelectric point

(b) pH> isoelectric point

(c) pH=isoelectric point

26.

Are polyesters and polyacrylates same ? Justify your answer.

27.

(a) What is the problem with hard water for washing clothes with soap ?
(b) Explain the following terms :
(i) Broad spectrum antibiotics

28.

(a) Calculate cell emf and

(ii) Non-ionic detergents

G for the cell reaction at 25C for the following cell :

Zn ( s ) | Zn2+ ( 0.0004M ) || Cd (0.2M ) | Cd ( s )

2+
2+
E values at 25C are : Zn / Zn = 0.763 V ; Cd / Cd = 0.403V

F = 96500 C mol 1 , R = 8.314 JK 1mol 1

(b) Electrolysis of

NaBr and NaI in aqueous solution liberate Br2 and I 2 respectively while that of

NaF liberates O2 instead of F2 . Explain.

OR
(a) Write nernst equation and find out the emf of the following cell at 25C.

Pt , Br (0.01M ) | Br2 (l ) || H + (0.03M ) | H 2 (1atm ) , Pt

Given : EBr2 / Br = 1.08V , R = 8.314 JK 1mol 1 ,

(b) What happes when

I 2 and F2 are added to a solution containing 1M each of I and F ions.

Given : Reduction potentials of

29.

F = 96500 mol 1

I 2 and F2 are 0.54 volt and 2.87 volts respectively.

Assign reason for the following :

(a) The enthalpies of atomisation of transition metals are high.
(b) The transition metals and many of their compounds act as catalysts.
(c) From element to element the actinoid contraction is greater than lanthanoid contraction.
(d) The E value for Mn3+ / Mn 2 + couple is much more positive than that for Cr 3+ / Cr 2 + .
(e) Scandium (Z=21) does not exhibit variable oxidation states and yet it is regarded as a transition element.
OR

Page 5 of 12

(a) Write the steps involved in the preparation of :

(i)

K 2Cr2O7 from Na2CrO4

(ii)

KMnO4 from K 2 MnO4

(b) What is meants by lanthanoid contraciton? What effect does it have on the chemistry of the elements
which follow lanthanoids ?
30.

Write chemical reactions carry out the following conversions :

(a) Butan-1-ol to butanoic acid
(b) Benzyl alcohol to phenylethanoic acid
(c) 3-Nitrobromobenzene to 3-Nitrobenzoic acid
(d) 4-Methylacetophenone to benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
(e) Butanal to butanoic acid
OR
(a) A compound (A) with molecular formula
formula

C5 H12O on oxidation forms compound (B) with molecular

C5 H10O . The compound (B) gives iodoform test but does not reduce ammonical silver nitrate.

The compound (B) on reduction with Zn Hg / HCl gives compound (C) with molecular formula

C5 H12 .

Identify A,B and C write chemical reactions involved.

(b) A compound (A)

C5 H10O forms phenyl hydrazone with phenyl hydrazine and gives negative Tollen

test and iodoform test. On reduction of compound (A), n-pentane is obtained. Identify the compound (A).

SO
LU
TI
O
N
S

Page 7 of 12

SOLUTION
1.

2.

When the external pressure applied on the

solution in more than osmotic pressure, the
solvent flows from the solution to the pure solvent
which its called reverse osmosis. Desalination
of sea water is done by reverse osmosis to make
it potable

M =

(a)

= iMRT = 1 0.1RT = 0.1RT

(b)

M=

60
= 1 mol L1 , = iMRT = 1 RT = RT
60

(c)

M =

60
= 0.5 mol L1 ,
180

Alum is an electrolyte. It coagulates colloidal

muddy particles and helps in purification of water.

Ni (CO) 4

3.

Nickel,

4.

Coordination isomerism

5.

Lower alcohols can from H-bonds with water

whereas higher alcohols cannot from H-bonds
due to greater hydrocarbon part

34.2
= 0.1 mol L1 ,
342

= iMRT = 1 0.5RT = 0.5RT

M =

(d)

58.5
= 1 mol L1 ,
58.5

= iMRT = 2 1RT = 2RT

The increasing order osmotic pressure is :

6.

O
||
C H 3 C C C H = C H C O H

(a ) < (c ) < (b ) < (d )

WB =

12.

M B Tb WA
WB K b
or Tb =
Kb
M B WA

7.

N , N Dimethylaniliniumethanoate

8.

The two compound differ in the configuration at

Mass of solute

(WB ) = 18 g

C 1

Mass of water

(WA ) = 1kg

(a) For a face centred cubic lattice (fcc)

Molar mass of solvute (WB ) = 180 mol 1

9.

Radius

(r ) =

a
Tb =

2 2

a = r 2 2 = 125 1012 2 2m
= 125 2 1.414 10 12 = 354 10 12 m
(b) Volume of unit cell

(a )3 = (354 1012 )3 m3 = 4.436 1029 m3

(18 g ) (0.52 K kg mol 1 )

= 0.052k
(180 g mol 1 ) (1 kg )

At 1.013 bar pressure (atmospheric pressure),

boiling point of water = 373.0K
Boiling point of solution

= (373.0 + 0.052) K = 373.052 K

OR

No. of unit cells in 1.0m 3 of

Al =
10.

11.

(1.0m 2 )
= 2.25 1028
29 3
(4.436 10 m )

Calculation of observed molar mass of

MB =

When a solid is heated, some atoms or ions may

leave the crystal lattice. As a result vacancies
are created and this leads to vacancy defects in
the crystalline solid. Since the number of atoms/
ions per unit volume decreases, the vacancy
defects lead to decrease in the density
Osmotic pressure is the extra pressure which
must be applied on solution side so as to prevent
the flow of solvent molecules into solution when
both are separated by semipermeable
membrane. Osmotic pressures of different
solutions can be calculated by using vant Hoff
equation

K 2 SO4

WB R T
+V

WB = 0.8960 g ,
V =

500
= 0.5 L, T = 27C = 300 K
1000

R = 0.082 L atm K 1mol 1 , = 0.69atm

MB =

(0.87960 g ) (0.0821 L atm K 1 ) (300 K )

(0.69 atm) (0.5 L)
= 63.97 mol 1

Page 8 of 12

Calculation of Vant Hoff factor

Normal molar mass of

(b) Alkyl halides react with ammonia to form a

mixture of primary, secondary, tertiary amines
and quaternary ammonium salts. Therefore,
pure amines are not obtained as a result of the
reaction.

K 2 SO4 = 2 39 + 32 + 4 16
= 78 + 32 + 64 = 174g mol 1
Vant Hoff factor (i)

=
13.

18.

Chloroform is perpared in the laboratory by

hydrolysis of chloralhydrate with alkali (sodium
hydroxide).

Normal molar mass

(174 g mol 1 )
=
Observed molar mass (63.97 g mol 1 )

C l3 C C H ( O H ) 2 + N a O H
C h lo ra llh y d ra te

Catalyst lowers down the activation energy and

provides an alternative path to the reaction. The
number of molecules posessing energy
corresponding to activated complex will
increases at the same temperature and number
of effective collision will increases, hence rate
of reaction will increases.

14.

CHCl3 + HCOONa + H 2O
It is stored in dark coloured bottles because it
reacts with

phosgene gas which is poisonous.

2 C O C l2 + H C l
light
2 C H C l 3 + O 2

Oxidation :

P hosgene
C hlorofo rm
Uses :
It is used as solvent.
It is used for preparation of chloretone which is
hypnotic drug (sleep inducing drug)
It is used in preparation of chloropicrin which is
used as tear gas as well as a insecticide.
It is used for testing of primary amines by
carbylamine reaction.

4 Au + 8 NaCN + O2 + 2 H 2O 4 Na[ Au (CN )2 ]

+4NaOH
in this reaction;
Reduciton :

Au is oxidised to Au + ions

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

2 Na[ Au (CN 2 )] + Zn Na2 [ Zn(CN ) 4 ] + 2 Au

+

in this reaction : Au ions are reduced to

15.

(a)

2 XeF2 + 2 H 2O 2 Xe + 4 HF + O2

(b)

XeF6 + 3H 2O XeO3 + 6 HF

(iv)

Au
19.

For the first order reaction, rate constant is given

by

k=

(c) XeF6 + PF5 [ XeF5 ]+ [ PF6 ]

+

(d) XeF6 + NaF Na [ XeF7 ]

16.(a)

(i) [ Fe(CN )3 ( NH 3 )3 ]

k=

(b) The complex contains ambidentate ligand SCN

which is capable of linking itself through either

S ( as SCN )or N ( as NCS ), following two

isomers are possible :

2.303
a
log
t
ax

Here a = 22.8 mL, (a-x) = 13.8 and 8.2 mL at

t = 600 and 1200 respectively.
When t=600 sec, rate constant k is

(ii) [ Fe(OH )( NH 3 ) 2 ]2

2.303
22.8 2.303
=
log
[log 22.8 log13.8]
600
13.8
600
=

2.303
[1.3579 1.1399]
600

2.303
[0.2180] = 8.37 104 s 1
600

[ Pt ( NH 3 )3 ( SCN )]( SCN ) and

When t = 1200 sec, rate constant k is

[ Pt ( NH 3 )3 ]( NCS )( SCN )

k=

These are linkage isomers.

17.(a)

O2 in presence of sunlight to form

2.303
22.8
log
1200
8.2

CH 3 I will react faster since C I bond

can cleave more easily as compared to C Br

bond
(ii) C Br will react faster because less steric

2.303
[log 22.8 log8.2]
1200

2.303
[1.3579 0.9138]
1200

2.303
[0.4441] = 8.52 104 s 1
1200

(i)

hindrance as comnpared to

(CH 3 )3 CBr

Page 9 of 12

The average value of k

= 8.455 10 s

(a)

(b)

21.(a)

A Colloidal dispersion of two immiscible liquids

is called an emulsion e.g. milk, butter.
There are two types of emulsions :

Sulphurous acid can be easily oxidised to

sulphuric acid due to the presence of a lone pair
of electrons on the sulphur atom and thus act
as a reducing agent. Also the S is in +4 state in

P
H
(c)

Iodine because of the pressure of vacant dorbitals, accepts electrons from

(a)

(b)

2 N O + O2 2 N O2
(Bro w n )

(colou rless)

(c)

F ions to form F3 ions.

( N 2O4 ) and hence is diamagnetic in these

Both nitrogen and fluoring atoms do not have

any vacant d-orbitals to accept electron pairs

states with 34 electrons.

H 2O molecules.

in case of

NCl3 chlorine has vacant d-orbitals

which can take up electron pairs from

H 2O molecules. Therefore NCl3 can be

hydrolysed

NCl3 + 3H 2O NH 3 + 3HClO

NO has an odd number of valance electrons

five of N & six of oxygen (total 11) and hence
all the electrons are not paired. One electron
remains unpaired so it is paramagnetic in the
gaseous state. But in liquid and solid it exists as
a symmetrical or asymmetrical dimer

orbitals it does not accept electrons form

NF3 cannnot be hydrolysed. However

NO readily combines with O2 of the air to form

NO2 which has brown colour.

ions to form

Therefore

SF6 is colourless odourless and non toxic gas

at room temperature. It is thermally stable and
chemically inert. Because of its inertness and
high tendency to suppress internal discharges,
it is used as a gaseous electrical insulator in high
voltage generators and switch gears.

I ion but in F2 because of the absence of d-

from the oxygen atom in

O2 molecules. Just like oxygen sulphur

antibonding * obtials. Therefore it exhibits

paramagnetic character in the vapour state.
OR

22.(a)

S 2 molecules

molecule has also two unpaired electrons in the

O and N have unpaired electrons and hence

share electrons with other O and N atom
respectively to form O2 and N 2 molecules.
(c)

OH
OH

In the vapour state partly exists as

similar to

( H 2 SO4 ) .
All the orbitals in argon are occupied by the
electrons and are completely filled hence it has
no tendency to lose gain or share electrons with
other atom of Ar to form diatomic molecule.

OH groups and

Water in oil type emulsion : In this type of

emulsion, water is dispersed phase and oil is
dispersion medium e.g. butter, liver oil, cold
cream.
Oil in water type emulsion : These are
emulsions in which the oil is dispersed medium
e.g. milk consists of liquid fats dispersed in water.
Other examples are cream and vanishing cream.

has only two

therefore there are only two ionisable hydrogen

atoms. Since the third hydrogen atom is attached
directly to the phosphorus atom is is not
ionisable. Thus the acid is diprotic

H 2 SO3 which can be be oxidised to +6 state

(b)

In the structural formula, phosphorus acid

( H 3 PO3 )

1
8.37 104 + 8.52 104 s 1
2
4

20.

(b)

ONa

23.(a)(i)

OC2H 5

+ C2H 5 - Br

+ N aB r

B rom oethane
S odiu m
phe noixde

E th oxyb enzene

Page 10 of 12

CH 3

OH

C H 3 - C - O N a+ + C H 3 B r
(ii)

B rom om ethan e

CH 3

warm

H 2O

S odiu m
tert. butoxide

m -Brom oph enol

CH 3
C H 3 - C - O CH 3 + N aBr

25.(a)

If the pH of the solution is less than the isoelectric

point, the amino acid exists as a cation in the
solution.Hence it migrates to the cathode.

(b)

If the pH of the solution is more than the

isoelectric point, the amino acid exists as an
anion in the solution. Hence it migrates to the
anode.

(c)

At the isoelectric point, the amino acid exists as

a zwitter ion i.e. a neutral dipolar ion. Hence no
migration occurs.

CH 3
2-M eth yl-2-m e thoxypropane
(b)

Electron density of oxygen in phenol is

decreased due to resonance. The oxygen rather
acquires a positive charge. Therefore, phenol
does not give protonation reaction readily.

24.(a) ( C H 3 ) C = O
2

NH 2 OH

( C H 3 )2 C = N O H
H 2O

26.

Polyesters and polycrylates are different types

of polymers and differ in the following
characteristics.

A ceto xine

A cetone
LiAlH 4

Reduction

( C H 3 )2 C H N H 2
Iso propylam ine

CHO

(i)

Polyacrylates are homopolymers while the

polyesters are co-polymers in nature.

(ii)

The made of synthesis of polyacrylates is

addition polymerisation while those of polyesters
is condensation polymerisation.

(iii)

Polymerisation occurs across C = C bond in

polyacrylates whereas in polyesters it is through
ester linkage.

27.(a)

Hard water contains calcium ions which react

with soap to form calcium salt of soap which
insoluble in water. This forms scum and the soap
goes waste.

COOH

NH 3
( Heat )

Oxidation

(b)

B enzalde hyd e

B enzoic acid

CN

CONH 2

2C 17 H 3 5 C O O N a + C a 2 +

( P2O5 / heat )

H 2O

S odiu m ste arate (soap )

C yanoben zen e

NO2

(C17 H 35C O O ) 2 C a

3+

Br2 / Fe

N itrobenzen e

Br
m -Brom onitrobenzen e

Sn / HCl

Reduction

NH 2

m -Brom oa niline

2Na+

(b)(i) Broad spectrum antibiotics : These are the

medicines which are effective against several
harmful microganisms. Tetracycline and
chloramphenicol are exampes of this type of
antibiotics. Chloramphenicol is used to cure
typhoid, dysentery, acute fever, urinary
infections, meningitis and pneumonia.
(ii) Non-ionic detergents : Esters of high molecular
mass formed by reaction between polyethylene
glycol and stearic acid acts as non-ionic
detergents.

N 2C l
Diazotisation

Br

C alcium stearate in soluble

NO2

(c)

Br

CH 3 (CH 2 )16 COO (CH 2O) n CH 2CH 2OH

Br

D iazonium salt

polyethylene glycol stearate.

As it is an ester it is non-ionic.

Page 11 of 12

28.(a)

= 1.08 0.208
= 1.288V

Ecell
= ERight
ELeft

= 0.403 ( 0.763) = +0.36V

Overall cell reaction :

(b)

Zn ( s ) + Cd 2+ ( aq ) Zn 2+ ( aq ) + Cd ( s )

EF , F Iodide ion ( I ) will be oxidised and F2 will

2

By Nernst equation

Here

be reduced to

Zn 2 +
0.0591

log
n
Cd 2+

Ecell = Ecell

29.(a)

(b)

= 0.36 + 0.078 = 0.438V

G is related with Ecell as

follows :

G = nFEcell
= 2 96500 0.438

= 84535 J = 84.53 kJ
(b)

(c)

The oxidation potentials of Br and I ions are

higher than that of water and thus these ions are
more easily oxidised in comparison to water. But

(a)

(d)

At anode : 2 Br
At cathode :

the change Mn 3+ Mn 2 + will take place more

O2 gas.

rapidly. On the other hand

Thus the change Cr 3+ Cr 2 + will not take place

so rapidly. Therefore E value for

(oxidation)

Mn 3+ / Mn 2+ is much more positive than for

( aq ) Br2 (l) + 2e

Net cell reaction :

2 Br
Here

( aq ) + 2 H ( aq ) Br2 (l ) + H 2 ( g )

(e)

n=2

Ecell = Ecell

[ Br2 ][ H 2 ]

0.0591
1 1
= 1.08
log
2
2
2
[0.01] [0.03]
2

(a)

K 2Cr2O7 and

equations :

Na2Cr2O7 + 2 KCl K 2Cr2O7 + 2 NaCl

(ii)
(b)

H 2 ) =1 atm
108
9

Steps involved in the preparation of

KMnO4 are explained with the help of following

(Partial pressure of

Ecell = 1.08 0.0296 log

Cr 3+ / Cr 2 + couple.
In Sc the last electron enters the 3d orbital.
Therefore it is regarded as transition element.
OR

2.303RT
log
2
2
nF
H + Br

[Br2 ] = 1 and [H 2 ] = PH

Cr 3+ has

d 3 configuration and Cr 2 + has d 4 configuration.

2 H + 2e H 2 ( g ) (Reduction)
+

Mn 2+ has more stable d 5 configuration and

Mn3+ has less stable d 4 configuration. Therefore

OR
As given in the cell representation anode is on
LHS and cathode is RHS.

the interatiomic metallic bonding.

The molecules of the reactants form unstable
intermediates with the surface of the metals due
to presence of unpaired d electrons. Their
formation of intermediate complex with reactants
lowers the energy of activation. The unstable
intermediates then decompose to give the
products.
Actinoid contraction from element to element is
greater than lanthanoid contraction due to poor
shielding effect of 5 f orbitals.

F ion have lower oxidation potential than that

of water. Thus in aqueous solution of NaF water
is more easily oxidised to

High enthalpies of atomisation of transition

elements are attributed to the involvement of

( n 1) d electrons in addition to ns electrons in

0.0591
4 104
log
n
2 101

Free energy change,

F , i.e. the following reaction will

take place : F2 + 2 I 2 F + I 2

n=2

Ecell = Ecell
=

Reduction potential E I 2 , I is lower than that of

(i)

electrolysis
MnO4 + e
MnO42

The decrease in atomic and ionic size with the

increase in atomic number in lanthanoids is called
lanthanoid contraction.
It has the following effects :
The ionisation energy in 5d series is more than
that in

3d and 4d series.

Page 12 of 12

(ii)
30.
(a)

There is resemblance between properties of

elements 4d and 5d transition series.
Steps involved in the transformation are given
below :

COOH

HOOC

2 7

C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 O H

Acidified KlCr O

B enzene -1 ,4-dicarboxylic acid

(Terephthalic acid )

B utan-l-o l

C H 3C H 2 C H 2 C O O H
B utanoic acid

(e)

Ammoniacal AgNO3
C H 3 C H 2 C H 2 C H O
(Tollen ' s reagent )

B utanal
(b)

HBr
KCN
C 6 H 5 C H 2 O H
C 6 H 5 C H 2 B r

B e n z y l a lc o h o l

B e n z y l b ro m id e
H 3O +

C 6 H 5C H 2C N

C 6 H 5C H 2C O O H
P h e n y le th a n o ic a c id

B e n z y l c y a n id e

OH
(c)

C H 3C H 2 C H 2 C O O H

Mg

ether

O2 N

(a)

B utanoic acid
OR
A careful study of the given data indicates that B
is an ketone not an aldehyde. The formation of B
(methyl ketone) on oxidation of A indicates that
A is sec-alcohol which gives methyl ketone on
oxidation. It means that A is 2-pentanol the
compound B on reduction (i.e. 2-pentanone) gives
n-pentane

(C5 H12 ) . The reactions involved are

3-N itrobrom obenzen e

Oxidation
C H 3 - C H - C H 2 C H 2 C H 3
[O ], H 2O

OH

M gB r
CO2

( dry ice )

O2N

2-pen tanol (A )

C H 3 - C - C H 2 C H 2C H 3

3-N itrophe nyl m agn esium

brom ide

O
B utanoic acid

O
C

O M g B r
H 3O +

C H 3 - C - C H 2 C H 2C H 3
O

O2N

2-penta none(B )
(M ethylketone)
gives iodoform test

O
C
OH

Reduction

Zn Hg / HCl

C H 3C H 2 C H 2 C H 2 C H 3
n-pen tane (C )
m olecular
form ula C 5 H 12
2-pentanone does not reduce ammonical

O2N
3-N itroben zoic a cid

COCH 3

AgNO3 solution as it is a ketone. Being methyl

ketone it gives iodoform test.

(d)

KMnO4 / KOH

H 3C

4-M ethylacetophen one

COOK

KOOC
D ipo tassium benzen e
1,4-dicarboxylate

C H 3 - C - C H 2C H 2C H 3 + 3 I 2 + 4 N a O H

C H 3 I + 3 N a I + C H 3C H 2 C H 2 C O O N a + 3 H 2 O
dil . H 2 SO4

yellow
ppt
(b) The compound (A) is 3-pentanone i.e.

CH 3CH 2COCH 2CH 3