**Cummulative: 1000 A & B Cards

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1.

abandon: freedom from worry or inhibition

2.

aberrant: not usual or acceptable

3.

abhor: to hate something, for example a way of behaving or

4.

abolish: to officially end a law, a system, or an institution

5.

abrade: to rub the surface of something and damage it or make it

thinking, espeically for moral reasons

rough; to wear down

29.

adverse: negative and unpleasant; not likely to produce a good

result

30.

aesthetic: relating to beauty

31.

affable: pleasant, friendly and easy to talk to

32.

affinity: a strong feeling of understanding and liking for

33.

afflict: to cause pain suffering, or unhappiness

someone or something

6.

abridge: to shorten a book, play, etc.

34.

affluent: wealthy

7.

abrupt: 1. sudden and unexpected, often in an unpleasant way

35.

afford: to give or provide something

2. speaking or acting in a way that seems unfriendly and rude

36.

aggregate: to combine separate items, sets of data, etc. into a

8.

absolve: to state formally that someone is not guilty or

37.

agitate: 1. to argue strongly for something, especially for

responsible for something

9.

single group or total

abstract: existing in thought or as an idea but not having

changes in a law, in social conditions, etc.

2. to upset or anger someone
3. to shake or stir something, especially a liquid

physical or practical existence

10.

abstruse: hard to understand

11.

absurd: unreasonable or foolish

38.

agreeable: pleasant and easy to like

12.

acclaim: enthusiastic praise or applause

39.

allay: to make something, especially a feeling, less strong

13.

accolade: praise or an award for an achievement that people

40.

allegory: a story, play, picture, etc. in which each character or

event is a symbol representing an idea or a quality, such as truth,
evil, death, etc.; the use of such symbols

admire
14.

accommodate: 1. to help someone by doing what he or she

wants
2. to change behavior in order to deal with a new situation better

41.

alleviate: to make something less severe

42.

allude: to refer to indirectly

15.

accomplished: very good at a particular thing; having many

43.

allure: the quality of being attractive and exciting

skills

44.

aloof: not friendly or interested in other people

16.

accord: an agreement, especially a formal one between two

45.

altitude: the height above sea level

46.

altruism: caring about the needs and happiness of other people

47.

ambiguous: having more than one possible interpretation

48.

ambivalent: having or showing mixed feelings about someone

49.

amiable: pleasant; friendly and easy to like

50.

amicable: done or achieved in a polite or friendly way and

persuaded about something

51.

amorphous: having no definite shape

21.

adept: good at doing something difficult

52.

amplify: 1. to increase something in strength, especially sound

22.

adhere: 1. to stick firmly to something

2. to follow a particular set of beliefs or a fixed way of doing
something

53.

anachronism: something that seems out of place at a particular

admonish: to criticize firmly so as to correct a fault or give

54.

analogy: a similarity shared by two otherwise dissimilar things

anarchy: lack of government, order, or control

organizations, countries, etc.

17.

acquiesce: to accept something without arguing, even if one

does not really agree with it; to give in

18.

acumen: the ability to understand and decide things quickly and

well

19.

23.

or something

acute: 1. very serious or severe

2. very sensitive and well developed
3. intelligent; quick to notice and understand things

20.

more than about one's own

without arguing

adamant: determined not to change one's mind or to be

2. to add details to a story, statement, etc.

moment of history
that are compared

advice
24.

adorn: to make or look more attractive by adding decoration

55.

25.

adroit: skillful and clever, especially in dealing with people

56.

anecdote: a brief story, often humorous

26.

adulation: admiration and praise, especially when more than

57.

animosity: a strong feeling of opposition, anger or hatred

necessary

58.

anodyne: unlikely to offend anyone

27.

advent: the arrival of someone or something important

59.

anomaly: a thing, situation, etc. that is different from what is

28.

adversary: a person opposed to and competing with another in

an argument or a battle; an opponent

normal or expected

60.

antidote: 1. a substance that controls the effects of a poison or

86.

assimilate: 1. to fully understand an idea or some information

disease
2. anything that takes away the effects of something unpleasant

so that it can be used

2. to become, or allow someone to become, a part of a country or
community rather than remaining in a separate group

61.

antipathy: a strong feeling of dislike

62.

antithesis: the opposite of something

87.

assuage: to make an unpleasant feeling less severe

63.

apathy: lack of emotion, enthusiasm, or concern

88.

astound: to surprise or shock someone very much

64.

appall: to shock or disgust someone very much

89.

astute: clever and insightful

65.

apparatus: 1. the tools or other pieces of equipment needed for

90.

asylum: protection giving, usually by a government, to people

a particular activity or task

2. the structure of a system or an organization, particularly that
of a political party or a government

91.

atrocity: a cruel and violent act, especially in a war

92.

atrophy: to decrease in size, especially from lack of use; to

66.

appease: to try to make someone calmer by giving that person

67.

appraise: to consider or examine someone or something and

what he or she wants

form an opinion about or set a value on them or it
68.

who have left their own country because they were in danger

wither away
93.

attain: to succeed in getting something; to achieve something,

94.

attest: 1. to show or prove that something is true

especially with effort

apprehend: 1. seize or arrest

2. to state a belief that something is true or genuine, for example

in court

2. to understand something
69.

apt: 1. suitable or appropriate in the circumstances

95.

attire: clothes

2. likely or having a natural tendency to do something

96.

atypical: not typical or usual

70.

aptitude: natural ability or skill at doing something

97.

audacity: brave but rude or shocking behavior

71.

arable: suitable for growing crops

98.

augment: to increase

72.

arbitrate: to officially settle an argument or a disagreement

99.

augur: to be a sign that something that will successful or not

between two people or groups

73.

archaic: 1. very old-fashioned

successful in the future; to foretell

100.

2. from a much earlier or ancient period of history

74.

archetype: the most typical or perfect example of a particular

101.

kind of person or thing

75.

ardent: very enthusiastic and showing strong feelings about

arduous: involving much effort and energy, especially over a

aura: a feeling or particular quality that seems to surround a

person or place

102.

something or something
76.

august: inspiring awe or admiration, especially because of high

rank or character.

auspicious: showing signs that something is likely to be

successful in the future

103.

period of time

austere: 1. simple and plain; without any decorations

2. strict and serious in appearance and behavior
3. allowing nothing that gives pleasure; not comfortable

77.

arid: 1. having little or no rain; very dry

78.

artifice: the clever use of tricks to cheat someone

79.

artisan: a person who does skilled work making things with his

80.

ascend: to rise; to go up; to climb up

106.

averse: not liking something; opposed to doing something

81.

ascertain: to find out the true or correct information about

107.

avert: 1. to prevent something bad or dangerous from

82.

ascetic: denying oneself physical pleasures; related to a simple

2. with nothing new or interesting in it

104.

controlled by anyone else

105.

or her hands

avant-garde: favoring new and unusual ideas, especially in art

and literature

something

83.

autonomy: the ability to act and make decisions without being

happening
2. to turn (one's eyes, etc.) away from something

and strict way of living

108.

avow: to indicate a belief or opinion firmly and often publicly

ascribe: 1. to consider or state that a book, etc. was written by a

109.

axiom: a rule or principle that most people believe to be true

particular person
2. to attribute something to a particular cause

110.

baffle: to confuse completely

111.

banal: boringly ordinary

112.

base: without moral principles

113.

become: to be suitable for

114.

befall: to happen to someone

84.

aspire: to desire strongly

85.

assiduous: working very hard and taking great care that

everything is done as well as it can be

115.

beguile: 1. to trick someone into doing something, especially by

being nice to them
2. to attract or interest someone

116.

belie: to give a false impression of someone or something

117.

belittle: to make someone or the things that someone does seem

unimportant

146.

capricious: changing suddenly and quickly, especially in

attitude or behavior

147.
148.

captious: critically faultfinding

captivate: to keep someone's attention by being interesting,
attractive, etc.

149.

carp: to complain, especially about unimportant matters

118.

belligerent: unfriendly and aggressive; warlike

150.

castigate: to criticize someone or something severely

119.

benefactor: a person who gives something such as money to

151.

help a person or an organization

cataclysm: a sudden disaster or a violent event that causes

change, for example a flood or a war

120.

benevolent: kind, helpful, and generous

152.

catastrophe: a sudden event that causes great suffering

121.

benign: 1. showing kindness or gentleness

153.

categorical: expressed clearly and with great certainty

2. not dangerous or likely to cause death

154.

caustic: 1. able to destroy or dissolve other substances

122.

bent: a habitual tendency to act in a particular way

123.

bewilder: to cause to be confused

155.

censorious: tending to criticize people or things a lot

124.

bizarre: very strange or unusual

156.

censure: to find fault with and criticize, especially formally

125.

blatant: obvious and open, without caring if people are shocked

157.

126.

bleak: 1. not encouraging or giving any reason to have hope

2. cold and unpleasant

127.

129.

boisterous: noisy and full of life and energy

130.

bolster: to improve something or make it stronger

131.

bourgeois: 1. interested mainly in possessions and social

status and supporting traditional values
2. belonging to the middle class

133.

brevity: 1. the quality of using few words when speaking or

writing
2. the fact of lasting a short time

134.

bristle: to react in an angry or offended manner

135.

brood: to think a lot about something that causes annoyance,

anxiety, or anger

charisma: the powerful person quality that some people have

to attract and impress other people

159.

charlatan: a person who pretends to have particular

knowledge or skills; a fraud

160.

chasm: 1. a deep crack or opening in the ground

2. a large difference between two people or groups, for example
because they have different attitudes

161.

chide: to criticize or blame someone because he or she has done

something wrong; to scold

bombast: words used to impress people which sound important

but have little meaning; pompous speech

132.

158.

blithe: 1. showing cheerful and casual indifference in a way

that appears improper
2. happy; not anxious

chagrin: a feeling of annoyance or embarrassment caused by a

failure, disappointment, or humiliation

blight: 1. something that hurts growth or well-being

2. a plant disease

128.

2. bitterly or sarcastically critical

162.
163.

choleric: easily angered; bad-tempered

chronology: the order in which a series of events happened; a
list of these events in order

164.
165.

churlish: rude or bad-tempered

circumlocution: using more words than are necessary,
instead of speaking or writing in a clear, direct way.

166.

circumscribe: 1. to limit someone or something's freedom,

rights, power, etc.
2. to draw a circle around another shape

167.

circumspect: thinking very carefully about something before

136.

brusque: using very few words and sounding rude

137.

burgeon: to begin to grow or develop rapidly

168.

circumvent: to go around or avoid an obstacle, rule, etc.

138.

buttress: to support or reinforce

169.

clandestine: done secretly or kept secret

139.

cacophony: a mixture of loud unpleasant sounds

170.

clich: an overused expression

140.

cajole: to persuade by being very nice

171.

141.

143.

callous: not caring about other people's feelings or suffering

172.
173.

calumny: a false statement about someone made to damage his

camaraderie: a feeling of friendship and trust among people
who work or spend much time together

145.

candid: openly straightforward and direct

coerce: to force someone to do something by using threats

coherent: 1. logical and well organized; easy to understand
and clear
2. able to talk and express oneself clearly

or her reputation
144.

coalesce: to come together to form one larger group, substance,

etc.

calamity: an event that causes great damage to people's lives,

property, etc.; a disaster

142.

doing it because there may be risks involved; cautious

174.

cohesive: forming a united whole

175.

coin: to devise a new word or phase

176.

coincide: to occur at the same place or time

177.

colloquial: used in conversation but not formal speech or

204.

writing
178.
179.

commend: to praise someone or something, especially publicly

205.

conspicuous: easy to see or notice

commensurate: matching something in size, importance,

206.

consummate: highly skilled; complete or perfect

207.

contentious: likely to cause disagreement

208.

contrite: very sorry for something bad that one has done

quality, etc.
180.

compile: to produce a book, list, report, etc. by bringing

together different items

181.
182.

complacent: overly satisfied with oneself

complement: to add to something in a way that improves it or

209.

composure: the state of being calm and in control of one's

feelings or behavior

184.
185.

comprise: to have someone or something as parts or members

210.

conundrum: a confusing problem or question that is very

difficult to solve; a puzzle

211.
212.

converge: to move toward and meet at a point; to come together

convey: 1. to make ideas, feelings, etc. known to someone
2. to take, carry, or transport someone or something from one
place to another

compulsion: a strong pressure or desire to do something,

especially something wrong or inappropriate

contrive: to manage to do something or make something

happen despite difficulties

makes it more attracting

183.

console: to comfort or sympathize with someone who is

unhappy or disappointed

213.

conviction: a strong belief or opinion

186.

conceit: excessive pride

214.

convivial: cheerful and friendly in atmosphere or character

187.

conciliate: to make someone less angry or more friendly,

215.

cordial: pleasant and friendly

especially be being kind and pleasant or by giving them

something
188.

189.

conclusive: providing something beyond doubt

190.

concoct: 1. to make something, especially food or drink, by

mixing different things
2. to invent a story, an excuse, etc.

191.

concur: to agree

192.

condolence: sympathy for someone who has experienced a

loss

194.

conduit: 1. a pipe, channel or tube which liquid, gas, or

electrical wire can pass through
2. a person, an organization, or a country that is used to pass
things or information to other people or places

196.

confer: 1. to consult
2. to give

197.

conjecture: an opinion or idea based on a guess rather than on

definite knowledge

201.

219.

countenance: to tolerate

220.

cow: to frighten with threats or a show of force

221.

222.

202.

connote: to suggest a meaning beyond the literal one

203.

conscientious: taking care to do things carefully and correctly

criterion: a standard or principle by which something is

judged, or with the help of which a decision is made

223.
224.

crop: to cut short

crow: to express great satisfaction or pride, especially about
one's own success

225.

crux: the most important or difficult part of a problem of an

issue

226.
227.

cryptic: with a meaning that is hidden or not easily understood

culminate: to end with a particular result, or at a particular
point

228.

culpable: responsible and deserving blame for having done

something wrong

229.

cursory: done quickly and without giving enough attention to

details

230.

curt: appearing rude because very few words are used

231.

curtail: to limit; to shorten

232.

connoisseur: an expert on matters involving the judgement of

beauty, quality, or skill in art, food, or music.

credulous: too ready to believe things and therefore easy to

trick

confound: 1. to confuse and surprise someone

2. to prove someone or something wrong

200.

couch: to phrase in a particular way

conflagration: a very large fire that destroys a lot of land or

buildings

199.

218.

confide: to reveal secrets and personal information that one

does not want other people to know

198.

cosmopolitan: 1. containing people of different types or from

different places, and influenced by their culture
2. having or showing a wide experience of people and things
from many different countries

conducive: making it easy, possible, or likely for something to

happen

195.

217.

condone: to accept behavior that is morally wrong or to treat it

as if it were not serious

corroborate: to confirm or give support to a statement, belief,

theory, etc.

concise: giving only the information that is necessary and

important; using few words

193.

216.

cynic: someone who believes all people are motivated by

selfishness

233.

daunt: to make someone feel nervous and less confident about

doing something; to intimidate

234.

dearth: a lack

235.

debase: to make someone or something less valuable or

respected

236.

debilitate: to make a person or group weaker

237.

debunk: to showing that an idea, a belief, etc. is false

238.

240.

265.

266.

267.

268.

decry: to strongly criticize someone or something, especially

269.

270.

243.

244.

271.

272.

didactic: 1. designed to teach people something, especially a

diffident: lacking self-confidence; unwilling to talk about

diffuse: 1. spread over a wide area
2. not clear or easy to understand; using many words

deflect: to change direction or make something change

direction

diatribe: a long and angry speech or piece of writing attacking

oneself

definitive: considered to be the best of its kind and almost

impossible to improve

devoid: completely lacking

moral lesson
2. telling people things rather than letting them find out about for
themselves.

defer: 1. to put off something to a later time

2. to yield to someone's wishes, opinion, etc., usually out of
respect

deviate: to be different from something; to do something in a

and criticizing someone or something

evidence
242.

detriment: the act of causing harm or damage; something that

different way from what is usual or expected

decorum: polite behavior

deduce: to draw a logical conclusion based on information or

detract: to reduce the value, importance, or quality of

causes harm or damage

publicly
241.

deter: to influence someone not to do something

something

decisive: 1. very important for the fimal result of a particular

situation
2. able to decide something quickly and with confidence

239.

264.

273.

digress: to turn aside from the main subject

245.

deft: skillful and quick

274.

dilapidated: falling to pieces; in a bad state of repair

246.

deleterious: harmful and damaging

275.

dilate: to become or make something larger or wider

247.

delineate: to describe, draw, or explain something in detail

276.

dilatory: not acting quickly enough; causing delay

248.

delude: to make someone believe something that is not true

277.

dilemma: a situation in which one must choose between

249.

250.

demise: the death, end, or failure of a person, an institution, an

idea, a company, etc.

252.
253.

278.

279.

diligent: showing care and effort in one's work

280.

dire: very serious or bad

281.

demolish: to destroy something such as a building or an idea

denigrate: to criticize unfairly; to say someone or something
denote: 1. to be a sign of something

282.

283.

256.
257.

depict: to represent something as a picture or in words

259.

284.

discount: to regard something as unimportant or not true

285.

discreet: careful in what one says or does, in order to keep

something secret or to avoid causing embarrassment; cautious

deplore: to strongly disapprove of something and criticize it,

286.

discrete: independent of other things of the same type

deprecate: to feel and express strong disapproval of something

287.

disdain: a feeling of contempt

deride: to treat someone or something as ridiculous and not

288.

especially public
258.

worth considering seriously; to make fun of

260.

designate: 1. to appoint; to describe someone or something in a

particular way
2. to show something using a particular mark or sign

261.

despondent: sad, without much hope

262.

despot: a ruler with great power, especially one who uses it in a

detach: 1. to separate from a larger body
2. to remove oneself emotionally

disgruntled: feeling bitter or angry because something has

happened to upset one

289.

disillusion: to destroy someone's belief in or good good

opinion of someone or something

290.

disingenuous: not sincere, especially when pretending to

know less about something than one really does

291.

cruel way
263.

discord: 1. disagreement; arguing

2. a combination of musical notes that sound unpleasant
together

denounce: to criticize strongly and publicly someone or

something

disconcert: to make someone feel anxious, confused, or

embarrassed

2. to have as a literal or obvious meaning

255.

disciple: a person who believes in and follows the teachings of

a religious or political leader

has no value or is unimportant; to put down

254.

dilettante: a person who does or studies something but who

has only minimal knowledge of the subject

demean: to make people have less respect for someone or

something; to insult

251.

things of equal importance

demagogue: a political leader to who tries to win support by

using arguments based on emotion rather than reason

dismal: 1. depressing; causing sadness

2. not skillful or successful; of very low quality

292.

dismay: a worried, sad feeling after an unpleasant surprise

293.
294.

disparage: to speak in a disapproving or slighting manner

324.

disparate: made up parts or people that are very different from

325.

each other
295.

disparity: a difference, especially one connected with unfair

297.

dispassionate: not affected by emotion or bias

326.

327.

2. to stop using something that is no longer needed

299.

300.

328.

elusive: difficult to find, define, or achieve

329.

emancipate: to free someone, especially from legal, political or

social restrictions

dissect: 1. to cut up a dead person, animal, or plant in order to

study it
2. to study something closely and/or discuss it in great detail
disseminate: to spread information, knowledge, etc. so that it

330.

embark: to start to do something new or difficult

331.

embed: to place one thing firmly into something elese

332.

reaches many people

301.

dissipate: 1. to gradually become or make something become

weaker until it disappears
2. to waste something, such as time or money, especially by not
planning the best way of using it.

302.

diverge: to separate and go in different directions

303.

divert: 1. to make someone or something change direction

2. to take someone's thoughts or attention away from something

304.

305.
306.

333.

a political party, etc.

307.

dog: to follow persistently

308.

dogma: a belief or sets of beliefs held by group or organization,

334.
335.

dogmatic: asserting that one's beliefs are right without offering

evidence or other justification

310.

dormant: not active or growing now but able to become active

or to grow in the future

311.

duplicity: dishonest behavior intended to make someone

believe something which is not; lying

312.

ebullient: full of confidence, energy, and good humor

313.

eccentric: (of people or their behavior) unusual;

unconventional; odd

314.

eclectic: choosing from or using a wide variety of styles or ideas

315.

eclipse: to overshadow

316.

ecstasy: a feeling or state of very great happiness

317.

edible: fit or suitable to be eaten; not poisonous

318.

edifice: a large impressive building

319.

eerie: strange, mysterious and frightening

320.

effect: to cause to happen

321.

effectual: producing the intended result

322.

effusive: showing much or too much emotion

323.

elate: to fill with happiness, excitement, or pride

emit: to send out something such as light, heat, sound, or gas

empathy: the ability to understand another person's feelings or
experience

336.

emphatic: (of statements, etc.) presented with a force as a sign

of importance

337.

empirical: based on experiments or experience rather than

ideas or theories.

338.

emulate: to try to do something as well as someone else,

especially out of admiration; to imitate

339.

encompass: 1. to include a large number or range of things

2. to surround or cover something completely

340.

which other are expected to accept without argument

309.

eminent: famous and respected, especially in a particular

profession

docile: quiet and easy to control

doctrine: a belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church,

embroil: to involve someone/oneself in an argument or a

difficult situation

divulge: to give someone information that is supposed to be

secret

elude: 1. to avoid or escape from something or something,

especially in a clever way
2. to escape the understanding or memory of someone

dispel: to make something, especially a feeling or belief, go

dispense: 1. to give out something to people

elucidate: to make something clearer by explaining it more

fully

away or disappear
298.

eloquent: using language skillfully and expressively, especially

to impress or persuade and audience

treatment
296.

elicit: to get information or a reaction from someone

encumbrance: a person or thing that prevents someone from

moving easily or from doing what he or she wants; a burden

341.

endeavor: an attempt or effort

342.

endow: 1. to naturally have a particular feature, quality etc.

2. to give something to someone or something

343.

enervate: to make someone feel weak and tired

344.

enfranchise: to give someone the right to vote in an election

345.

engaging: interesting or pleasant in a way that attracts

attention

346.
347.

engender: to make a feeling or situation exist

enigma: a person, thing or situation that is mysterious and
difficult to understand

348.

enmity: feelings of hatred toward someone

349.

entail: to follow as a necessary consequence

350.

enthrall: to attract all of one's attention because of interest,

beauty, etc.

351.

entice: to persuade someone to go somewhere or to do

something, usually by offering something; to lure

352.

entrench: to establish something very firmly so that it is very

difficult to change

353.

enumerate: to name things on a list one by one

354.

enunciate: 1. to say or pronounce words clearly

2. to express an idea clearly and exactly

384.

exhilarate: to make someone feel happy and excited

385.

exonerate: to officially state that someone is not guilty

355.

ephemeral: lasting or used for only a short period of time

386.

exorbitant: much too high

356.

epic: going beyond the ordinary in scope or size

387.

357.

epitome: a perfect example of something

358.

equanimity: a calm state of mind, especially maintained in

difficult situations

359.

equilibrium: a state of balance, especially between opposing

forces or influences

360.

equivocal: not having one clear or definite meaning or

intention; able to be understood in more than one way

361.

362.

388.

expedite: to make a process happen more quickly

389.

expel: to force someone or something out

390.

expend: to use or spend a lot of time, money, energy etc.

391.

explicable: that can be explained or understood

392.

erode: 1. to wear away the surface of something through the

action of wind, rain, etc.
2. to gradually destroy or weaken something

393.

exposition: a full explanation of a theory, plan, etc.

394.

extemporaneous: done with little or no preparation

395.

err: to make a mistake

364.

erratic: not happening at regular times; irregular

396.

365.

erudite: having or showing great knowledge gained from

397.

367.

368.

espouse: to give support to a belief, policy, etc.

369.

esteem: to regard with respect

370.

398.

estrange: to make someone who was formerly friendly toward

399.

eulogy: a speech or piece of writing praising someone or

400.

401.

373.

evasive: 1. unwilling to give clear answers to a question

402.

evoke: to bring an image, a feeling, a memory etc. into one's

mind

375.

exacerbate: to make something worse, especially a disease or

problem

376.

exalt: 1. to raise someone to a higher rank or position

fabricate: 1. to invent false information to deceive others

facade: 1. the front of a building
2. the way that someone or something appears to be, which is
different from the way someone or something really is

403.

faction: a small group within a larger one whose goals or

beliefs differ from those of the larger group

404.

2. acting to avoid danger or an unpleasant situation

374.

exuberant: 1. full of energy, excitement, and happiness

2. to make something from various different materials

euphemism: a word or phrase that refers to something

embarrassing or unpleasant so as to make it seem more
acceptable

extricate: to escape or enable someone to escape from a

2. strong and healthy; growing quickly and well

something very much, especially about a dead person

372.

extravagant: 1. spending or using an excessive amount

difficult situation or place

one become distant or hostile

371.

extraneous: not directly connected with a particular situation

2. very extreme or impressive but not reasonable or practical

esoteric: understood or enjoyed by only a few people with a

special knowledge or interest; obscure

extol: to praise highly

or subject

academic study
eschew: to deliberately avoid or keep away from something

extinguish: 1. to make a fire stop burning or a light stop

shining
2. to destroy something

363.

366.

explicate: to explain an idea or a work of literature in a lot of

detail

eradicate: to destroy or get rid of something completely,

especially something bad

expedient: helpful for a particular purpose, though not

necessarily fair or moral

fallacy: a false idea or way of thinking about something,

especially one that many people believe is true

405.
406.

fallible: able to make mistakes or be wrong

fanatic: extremely enthusiastic about something, often too
much so

407.

fastidious: 1. being careful that every detail of something is

correct
2. not liking things to be dirty or untidy

2. to elevate by praise or in estimation

377.

exasperate: to annoy or irritate someone very much

408.

fathom: to understand

378.

except: to leave out; to exclude

409.

feasible: possible and likely to be achieved

379.

excruciating: extremely painful or bad

410.

feign: to pretend that one has a particular feeling or condition

380.

exemplar: a person or thing that is a good or typical example

411.

felicitous: chosen well; very suitable; giving a good result

of something
381.

exemplify: to illustrate by example

382.

exert: to use or apply a quality, skill, pressure, etc.

383.

exhaustive: including everything possible; very thorough or

complete

412.

fervent: having or showing very strong and sincere feelings

about something

413.

fervid: feeling something too strongly; showing feelings that

are too strong

414.

fetter: to restrict someone's freedom

415.

figurative: used in a way that is different from the usual

449.

meaning; metaphorical
416.
417.

finite: having a definite limit or fixed size

450.

flamboyant: 1. different, confident, and exciting in a way that

attracts attention
2. brightly colored and noticeable

glamour: the attractive and exciting quality that makes a

person, a job, or a place seem special, often because of wealth or
status

flagrant: done in a shocking and obvious way that shows

disrespect for people, laws, etc.

418.

genre: a particular type or style of literature, art, film or music

recognizable because of its special features

451.

grandiose: more elaborate or ornamented than necessary

452.

gratuitous: done without any good reason or purpose and

often having harmful effects

419.

flaunt: to show something in an obvious way

453.

gregarious: liking to be with other people

420.

fleeting: lasting only a short time

454.

grievance: something that appears unfair and about which one

421.

flippant: not taking something as seriously as one should

422.

florid: having too much decoration or detail

423.

flout: to show disrespect for a law, etc. by openly not obeying it

424.

flower: to develop fully; to reach a very good state

425.

fluctuate: to change frequently in size, amount, quality, etc.

especially from one extreme to another

426.

fluent: 1. able to speak, read or write a language, especially a

foreign language, easily and well
2. done in a smooth and skillful way

complains or protests
455.

grim: 1. looking or sounding very serious

2. unpleasant and depressing

456.

grudging: given or done unwillingly

457.

guile: the use of clever but dishonest behavior to trick people

458.

hackneyed: used too often and therefore boring

459.

hallmark: a feature or quality that is typical or someone or

something

460.

hamper: to make it more difficult for someone to do something

427.

foe: an enemy

461.

haughty: behaving as if one is superior to other people

428.

foible: a minor weakness of a person's character

462.

haunt: (of unpleasant thoughts) to come to mind frequently

folly: a lack of good judgement; the fact of doing something

463.

429.

stupid
430.
431.

foolhardy: taking unneccessary risks

433.

464.

465.

hectic: very busy; full of activity

forebode: to give a strong feeling that something bad is coming

466.

hedonist: someone who seeks pleasure as the highest goal

foreshadow: to be a sign of something that will happen in the

467.

heed: to pay careful attention to someone's advice or warning

future
434.

forgo: to decide not to have or do something desirable

435.

formidable: inspiring fear and/or respect

436.

forthright: direct and honest in manner and speech

437.

fortuitous: happening by chance, especially a lucky chance

468.

frank: honest and direct in what one says, sometimes in a way

469.

470.

471.

frugal: being very careful only to use as much as is necessary

440.

furtive: characterized by stealth; secretive

441.

fuse: to join together

442.

futile: useless; having no purpose

443.

galvanize: to shock or excite, so as to inspire action

444.

garish: very brightly colored in an unpleasant way

474.

445.

garner: to obtain or collect something such as information,

475.

gauge: to measure something, especially accurately

448.

generic: shared by, including, or typical of a whole group of

things; not specific

hinder: to make it difficult for someone to do something or for

something something to happen.

472.

hoax: an act intended to make someone believe something that

isn't true, especially something unpleasant

473.

holistic: considering a whole thing or being to be more than a

collection of parts
homogeneous: composed of parts that are all of the same type
hone: to develop and improve something, especially a skill, over
a period of time

support, etc.; to gather

447.

hierarchy: a system in which people, ideas, etc. are organized

into different levels of importance from highest to lowest

439.

garrulous: talking a lot, especially about unimportant things

herald: to be a sign that something is going to happen; to

announce

that other people may not like.

446.

heir: 1. a person who has the legal right to recieve someone's

property, money or title when that person dies
2. a person who is thought to continue the work or a tradition
started by someone else

that brings a good result

438.

headstrong: determined to do things one's own way and

refusing to listen to advice

forage: to search for something, usually food, especially using

the hands

432.

haven: a place that is safe and peaceful where people or

animals are protected

476.

hospitable: 1. pleased to welcome guests; generous and

friendly to visitors
2. having good conditions that allow things to grow; having a
pleasant environment

477.

husband: to use something carefully and not waste it

478.
479.

hybrid: something made by combining two different elements

509.

incongruous: strange and not suitable in a particular situation

hyperbole: a way of speaking or writing that makes something

510.

inconsequential: not important or worth considering

sound better, more exciting, dangerous, etc. than it really is;

exaggeration.
480.

hypocrisy: claiming to be or believe one thing while actually

511.

512.

doing the opposite

481.

hypothesis: an idea or suggestion based on known facts and

used as a basis for further reasoning or investigation

482.

icon: an admired symbol of a particular idea, way of life, etc.

483.

iconoclast: a person who criticizes popular beliefs or

established customs and ideas

484.

idiosyncrasy: a person's particular way of behaving thinking,

illicit: not allowed by the law or the normal rules of society

486.

illustrious: very famous and much admired, especially because

513.

incredulous: unwilling or unable to believe something

514.

indefatigable: never giving up or tired or doing something

515.

indict: to officially charge someone with a crime

516.

indifferent: uncaring; having no particular concern

517.

indignant: having or showing angry surprise because one

believes one has been treated unfairly

518.

indiscriminate: done without careful judgment or concern for

the result, especially when causing harm

519.

indolent: not wanting to work; lazy

immerse: 1. to cover someone or something completely with a

520.

induce: to persuade or influence

liquid
2. to become or make someone completely involved in something

521.

industrious: working hard; busy

of achievements
487.

incorrigible: having bad habits which cannot be changed or

improved

etc., especially when it is unusual; an unusual feature

485.

incontrovertible: true and unable to be disagreed with or

denied

522.

ineffable: too great or beautiful to describe in words

488.

imminent: likely to happen very soon

523.

inept: acting or done with no skill

489.

immune: not affected or influenced by

524.

inert: without power to move or act

490.

impair: to damage something or make something worse

525.

infamous: well known for being bad or evil

491.

impart: 1. to pass information, knowledge, etc. to other people

526.

infer: to reach a conclusion based on evidence or premises

527.

infuriate: to make someone extremely angry

528.

ingenious: having or resulting from clever new ideas

529.

inherent: naturally present as a feature or quality of something

2. to give a particular quality to someone

492.

impartial: not favoring one side over another; neutral

493.

impeccable: without mistakes or faults

494.

impede: to delay or stop the progress of something

495.

imperative: very important and needing immediate attention

or someone
530.

or action
496.

something
2. to hold back or prevent a process or action

imperious: expecting people to obey and treating them as if

they are less important; dictatorial

497.

impetuous: acting or done quickly and without careful thought

498.

impetus: 1. something that encourages a process or activity to

develop more quickly
2. the force or energy with which something moves

inhibit: 1. to make someone too nervous or embarrassed to do

531.

inimical: 1. harmful to something; not helping something

2. unfriendly; hostile

532.

innate: possessed at birth

533.

innocuous: 1. not intended to offend or upset anyone

2. not harmful or dangerous

499.

implicit: suggested without being directly expressed

534.

innovative: introducing or using new ideas, techniques, etc.

500.

impromptu: done without preparation or planning

535.

innumerable: too many to be counted

501.

impudent: rude; not showing respect for other people

536.

inquisition: a series of questions that someone asks,

502.

503.

especially when asked in an unpleasant manner

impugn: to express doubts about whether something is right,

honest, etc.
inadvertent: (of actions) not done deliberately or

537.

inscrutable: hard to understand, often of a person's feelings

538.

insidious: spreading gradually or without being noticed, but

intentionally; accidental
504.

inane: stupid or silly

505.

inception: the start of an institution, an organization, etc.

506.

incessant: never stopping

507.

incisive: showing clear thought and good understanding of

what is important

508.

incite: to encourage violence or unpleasantness, especially

arousing anger or exitement

causing serious harm

539.

insinuate: 1. to suggest indirectly that something unpleasant is

true; to hint

540.

insipid: 1. having almost no taste or flavor

2. not interesting or exciting

541.

insolent: extremely rude and showing a lack of respect

542.

instigate: to make something start or happen, often something

negative

543.
544.

instill: to cause someone to gradually acquire a desired quality

574.

546.

integral: being an essential part of something

575.

547.

intrepid: without fear; brave

576.

intricate: elaborately detailed

549.

intrinsic: belonging to or part of the real nature of something

or someone

550.

introspection: the careful examination of one's own thoughts

inundate: 1. to flood
2. to give or send someone so many things that they cannot all be
dealt with; to overwhelm

552.

553.

invoke: 1. to mention something or something as a reason for

doing something
2. to call on

lethargy: lack of energy or enthusiasm for doing things

578.

levity: treating serious things in a disrespectful and joking way

579.

580.

listless: having no energy or enthusiasm

581.

loathe: to dislike someone or something very much

582.

583.

longevity: long life

584.

loquacious: talking a lot

585.

itinerant: traveling from place to place, especially to find work

556.

jaded: tired and bored, usually from too much of something

557.

jar: to shake with a sudden impact

587.

jargon: words or expressions used by a particular profession or

588.

586.

560.

jocular: humorous

561.

jovial: very cheerful and friendly

562.

jubilant: feeling or showing great happiness because of a

judicious: careful and sensible; showing good judgment

564.

juxtapose: to put people or things next to one another,

589.
590.

keen: 1. having a sharp edge or point

591.

kindle: 1. to start burning; to make a fire start burning

2. to make something such as an interest, emotion, etc. start to
grow in someone; to start to be felt by someone

567.
568.

laborious: taking a lot of time and effort

lure: something that serves to attract someone or something

lurid: 1. presented in a deliberately shocking and vivid way

luxuriant: 1. growing thickly and strongly in a way that is

attractive
2. rich in something that is pleasant or beautiful

592.

lyric: 1. expressing a person's personal feeling and thoughts

2. connected with, or written for, singing

593.

magnanimous: kind, generous and forgiving, especially

toward an enemy or a rival

2. insightful or quick to understand

566.

luminous: 1. full of or giving out light

2. very vivid in color, especially so as to create a harsh and

unnatural effect

especially to contrast them or to show a relationship

565.

ludicrous: unable to be taken seriously; ridiculous

2. inspiring and easily understood

success
563.

lucrative: producing a large amount of money; making a large

profit

group of people and hard for others to understand

jeopardy: a dangerous position or situation in which some or

lucid: 1. clearly expressed; easy to understand

2. able to think clearly, especially during or after a period of
illness or confusion

555.

something is likely to be lost or harmed; danger

lofty: 1. very high and impressive

2. deserving praise because of its high moral quality

irascible: becoming angry very easily

559.

libertine: a person, usually a man, who leads an immoral life

and is interested in pleasure

554.

558.

lavish: large in amount, or impressive, and usually costing a lot

577.

invidious: unpleasant and unfair; likely to offend someone or

make them jealous

laud: to praise
of money

and feelings
551.

latitude: freedom to choose what one does or the way the one
does it

insuperable: unable to be overcome or dealt with successfully

548.

lassitude: a state of feeling very tired in mind or body; lack of

energy

insular: only interested in one's own country, ideas, etc. and

not in those from outside

545.

573.

594.

malevolent: having or showing a desire to harm other people

595.

malice: feeling of hatred that causes a desire to do harm

596.

malign: to say bad things about someone or something publicly

597.

manifest: 1. to show clearly; especially a feeling, an attitude, or

a quality
2. to appear or become noticeable

labyrinth: a complicated series of paths that difficult to find

one's way through; a maze

569.

lackadaisical: not showing enough care or enthusiasm

598.

mar: to damage or spoil something good

570.

laconic: using only a few words to say something

599.

marginal: small and unimportant

571.

lament: to feel or express deep sorrow or regret; to mourn

600.

572.

lapse: 1. a small mistake, especially one caused by carelessness

or forgetfulness
2. a period of time between two things that happen

martinet: a very strict person who demands that other people

obey orders or rules completely

601.

materialist: a person who believes that money, possessions

and physical comforts are more important that spiritual values in
life

602.

matrix: a situation or surrounding substance in which

something grows or is contained

603.

633.
634.

maverick: a person who does not behave or think like everyone

meander: to follow a winding, often aimless path

605.

mediate: to try to bring to an agreement

606.

melancholy: sad, especially a lingering or a habitual state of

mind

607.

mellifluous: sounding sweet and smooth; very pleasant to

635.

melodrama: a story, play, or novel that is full of exciting

events and in which the characters and emotions seem too
exaggerated to be real

609.

mercurial: changing frequently or reacting unexpectedly

610.

merit: the quality of being good or worthy, or deserving praise

foolishly ready to believe what one is told

nebulous: not clear

637.

nefarious: criminal; immoral

638.

mesmerize: to have such a strong effect that one cannot pay

639.

methodical: doing things carefully and logically

613.

methodology: a set of methods and principles used to perform

a particular activity

614.
615.

640.

of something
616.

misanthrope: a person who hates and avoids other people

617.

miser: a person who loves money and hates spending it

618.

misgiving: a feeling of doubt or anxiety about what might

happen, or about whether or not something is the right thing to
do; a worry

619.

mitigate: to make less harmful, serious, or severe

620.

mollify: to make someone feel less angry or upset

621.

momentous: very important or serious, especially because

monolithic: massive, solid, and uniform in appearance

623.

monotonous: dull and never changing

624.

moratorium: a temporary stopping of an activity, especially by

morbid: having or expressing a strong interest or unpleasant
things, especially disease or death

626.

morose: unhappy, bad-tempered, and not talking very much

627.

mortal: 1. that cannot live forever and must die

motif: 1. a design or a pattern used as a decoration
2. a subject, an idea, or a phrase that is repeated and developed
in a work of literature or a piece of music.

629.

mundane: not interesting or exciting

630.

munificent: extremely generous

631.

muse: to think deeply or in a concentrated way

632.

mutable: that can change; likely to change

novice: someone who is new and has little experience in a skill,

job or situation; a beginner

644.

nuance: a very slight difference in meaning sound, color, or

emotion

645.

obdurate: refusing to change one's mind or actions in any way

646.

oblique: expressed or done indirectly

647.

obliterate: to remove all signs of something, either by

destryoing or covering it completely

648.

oblivion: 1. a state of being unaware of what is happening

2. the state of being completely forgotten or unknown

649.

oblivious: lacking awareness

650.

obscure: 1. hard to see or understand

2. not well known

651.

obsequious: trying to hard to please someone, especially

someone important

652.

obsolete: no longer used because something new has been

invented

653.

obstinate: 1. refusing to change one's opinions, behavior, etc.

despite the persuasion of others; stubborn
2. difficult to get rid of or deal with.

654.

obtuse: not quick to perceive or understand something

655.

omen: a sign of what is going to happen in the future

656.

ominous: suggesting that something bad is going to happen in

the future

2. causing death or likely to cause death; very serious

628.

nostalgia: a feeling of sadness mixed with pleasure about an

earlier, happy period

643.

official agreement
625.

nonchalant: behaving in a calm and relaxed way; giving the

impression that one feels no anxiety

642.

there many be important results

622.

niche: 1. a comfortable or suitable role, job, way of life, etc.

2. a small hollow place, especially in a wall or in the side of a hill

641.

meticulous: paying careful attention to every detail

milestone: a very important stage or event in the development

negligible: of very little importance or size and not worth

considering

attention to anything else; to hypnotize

612.

negligent: failing to give someone or something enough care or

attention, especially when this has serious results; neglectful

and reward
611.

naive: showing lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment;

636.

listen to
608.

mystical: having meaning that is neither apparent to the

senses nor obvious to the intellect; beyond ordinary
understanding

else, but who has independent, unusual opinions

604.

myriad: countless or extremely great in number

657.

onerous: needing great effort; causing trouble or worry

658.

opaque: 1. not clear enough to see through or allow light

through
2. difficult to understand; not clear

659.

opportune: suitable for doing a particular thing, so that it is

likely to be successful

660.

opulent: having or showing extreme wealth

661.

oratory: the skill of making powerful and effective speeches in

691.

public

pernicious: having a harmful effect, especially in a way that is

gradual and not easily noticed

662.

ornate: highly decorated

692.

perpetuate: to make something continue for a long time

663.

orthodox: following generally accepted beliefs

693.

perplex: to confuse

ostentatious: expensive or noticeable in a way that is intended

694.

664.

to impress people; showing

665.

outlandish: strange or extremely unusual

695.

666.

outmoded: no longer fashionable or useful

696.

667.

overt: done openly; not concealed

668.

painstaking: requiring much care, effort, and attention to

detail

669.

palatable: pleasant or acceptable in taste to someone

670.

palpable: easily noticed by the mind or the senses

671.

panacea: something that will solve all the problems of a

particular situation; a cure-all

697.
698.

700.

perturb: to make someone worried or anxious; to bother

pervade: to spread throughout

paradigm: a typical example or pattern of something

702.

paradox: a statement containing opposite ideas that make it

703.

parch: to make very dry, especially an area of land

678.

parochial: only concerned with small issues that happen in a

local area and not interested in more important things;
provincial

679.
680.

parody: a humorous imitation

partisan: showing too much support for one person, group, or
cause

681.

patronize: 1. to treat someone in a way that seems friendly, but

is condescending
2. to be a regular customer of a store, restaurant, etc.
3. to help a particular person, organization or activity by giving
them money

682.

paucity: a small amount of something; less than enough of

704.

pedantic: too worried about small details or rules

684.

penchant: a special liking for something

685.

pensive: thinking deeply about something, especially because

of sadness or anxiety

686.

705.

philanthropic: donating to charity

706.

phlegmatic: not easily made angry or upset

707.

687.

perfunctory: done as as duty or habit, without real interest,

708.

pious: having or showing a deep respect for God and religion

709.

pithy: short but expressed well and full of meaning

710.

placate: to make someone feel less angry about something

711.

689.

periodic: happening fairly often and regularly

712.

690.

permeate: to spread to every part of an object or a place

placid: 1. not easily excited or irritated

2. calm and peaceful, with every little movement

713.

platitude: an overused and uninteresting comment or

statement

714.
715.

plausible: reasonable and likely to be true

pliant: 1. easily bent without breaking
2. changing easily; easy to influence or control

716.
717.

plight: a difficult and sad situation

poignant: having a strong effect on one's feelings, especially
producing sadness

718.

pompous: showing an attitude that one is more important

than other people, especially by using long and formal words

peripheral: 1. not as important as the main aim, part, etc. of

something
2. connected with the outer edge of a particular area

placebo: a substance that has no physical effects, given to

patients who do not need medicine but think that they do, or used
when testing new drugs

attention or feeling
688.

pinnacle: 1. the most important or successful part of something

2. the pointed top of a building or mountain

perennial: continuing for a very long time; happening again

and again

petrify: 1. to make someone feel extremely frightened

2. to change or to make something change into a substance like
stone

something
683.

pessimism: a tendency to take the gloomiest view of a

situation

a particular good quality

677.

perverse: showing deliberate determination to behave in a way

that is most people think is wrong, unacceptable, or
unreasonable

seem absurd or unlikely, although it is or may be true

paramount: more important than anything else

pertain: 1. to be connected; to relate

pertinent: appropriate to a particular situation

673.

676.

personage: an important or famous person

699.

701.

paragon: a person who is perfect or who is a perfect example of

persona: the aspects of a person's character shown to other

2. to exist or to apply in a particular situation or at a particular

time

panorama: a view of a wide area of land

675.

persist: to continue despite difficulty

people

672.

674.

persevere: to continue trying to do or achieve something

despite difficulties.

719.
720.

ponder: to think about something carefully for a period of time

ponderous: moving slowly and heavily; able to move only
slowly

721.

pore: (with "over") to study something carefully

722.

posterity: all the people who live in the future

723.

posthumous: happening, done, published, etc. after a person

751.

752.

postulate: to take something as true so that it can be used as

the basis for a theory, etc.

propagate: 1. to spread an idea, a belief, or a piece of

information among many people
2. to reproduce (of plants or animals)

has died
724.

propaganda: information, ideas, or rumors that are spread to

influence opinion about a political leader, group, etc

753.

propensity: a tendency to a particular kind of behavior

725.

pragmatic: treating things realistically; practical

754.

proponent: a person who supports an idea or course of action

726.

precarious: not safe or certain; dangerous

755.

propriety: correct moral and social behavior

727.

precede: to happen or come before something or someone in

756.

prosaic: ordinary and not showing any imagination

757.

prose: writing that is not poetry

order
728.

precedent: 1. an official decision used as an example to be

followed in a similar situation later
2. a similar action or event that happened earlier

729.

preclude: to prevent; to make impossible

730.

precocious: having developed particular abilities and ways of

behaving at a much younger age than usual

731.

precursor: a person or thing that comes before someone or

something similar and leads to or influences what comes later; a
forerunner

732.

predilection: a strong liking

733.

predominant: having more power or influence than others;

more noticeable

758.

prostrate: 1. lying on the ground and facing downwards

2. too shocked, upset, etc. to do anything

759.
760.

protagonist: the main character in a play, movie or book

prototype: the first design of something from which other
forms are copied or developed

761.

prowess: great skill at doing something

762.

proximity: nearness

763.

pseudonym: a name used by someone, especially a writer,

instead of his of her real name

764.

punctilious: very careful to behave correctly or to perform

duties exactly as one should

765.

pundit: an expert on a particular subject who often talks about

734.

preeminent: superior to all others; outstanding

735.

prepossessing: attractive in appearance

766.

pungent: having a strong taste or smell

736.

preside: to lead or be in charge of a meeting, ceremony, etc.

767.

purvey: to supply food, services, or information to people

737.

prestige: respect based on good reputation, past achievements,

768.

it public

etc.
738.

pretext: a false reason given for doing something, usually

769.

something bad, in order to hide the real reason; an excuse

739.

prevalent: existing or very common at a particular time or

pristine: 1. fresh and clean, as if new
2. not developed or changed in any way; left in its original
condition

741.

proclivity: a natural tendency to do something or to feel

something

742.
743.

procrastinate: to delay doing something that one should do

770.

744.

prodigy: a young person who is unusually intelligent or skillful

771.

proficient: able to do something well because of training and

pratice

746.

profuse: produced in large amounts; abundant

747.

proliferate: to increase rapidly in number or amount

748.

prolific: producing a lot

749.

prone: 1. likely to suffer or do something

2. lying face down

750.

pronounced: very noticeable or strongly expressed

quell: to stop or reduce something such as violent behavior,

protests, or feelings

772.

querulous: complaining; showing that one is annoyed

773.

quiescent: quiet; not active

774.

quintessence: 1. the essential part of a theory, speech,

condition, etc.
2. the perfect example of a quality

775.

radiate: 1. to send or spread out in all directions from a central

point
2. to show a particular quality or emotion clearly

for his or her age

745.

quantify: to describe or express something as an amount or a

number

prodigious: very large or powerful and causing surprise or

admiration

quandary: a state of uncertainty about what to do in a difficult

situation

place
740.

qualify: to modify a previous statement by making the meaning

weaker or less general

776.

rancor: bitter, long-lasting resentment

777.

rapture: a feeling of extreme pleasure and happiness

778.

rash: done without careful consideration of the possible results

779.

ratify: to make an agreement officially valid by voting for or

signing it

780.
781.

raucous: sounding loud and rough

raze: to completely destroy a building, town, etc. so that
nothing is left

782.

reactionary: characterized by resistance to progress or

813.

liberalism; extremely conservative

783.

reap: 1. to get or derive something as the results of one's effort

2. to cut and gather a crop from a field

784.

rebuff: to refuse someone; to reject an offer

785.

rebut: to show that a statement or criticism is false

786.

787.

recount: to tell a story

791.

rectify: to correct

792.

recur: to happen again or a number of times

793.

redoubtable: inspiring feelings of respect and/or fear

794.

redress: to correct something that is unfair or wrong

795.

refrain: to stop oneself from doing something, especially

something pleasurable

796.
797.

refute: to disprove

817.

repudiate: 1. to refuse to accept something

repute: the opinion that people hold of someone or something;
reputation

818.

rescind: to officially state that a law, contract, decision, etc. is

no longer valid

819.

reserved: slow or unwilling to show feelings or express

opinions

820.

resilient: able to recover quickly, for example from bending or

illness

821.

resolute: having or showing great determination

822.

resurgent: becoming stronger or more popular again

823.

reticent: unwilling to tell people about things

824.

retiring: preferring not to spend time with other people

825.

retrench: to spend less money; to reduce costs

826.

retrospect: thinking about a past event or situation, often with

a different opinion of it from previously

827.

revere: to feel deep respect or admiration for someone or

something

reign: 1. to rule as a king or queen

2. (of an idea or feeling) to be dominant

reprove: to express disapproval of something that someone has

2. to say officially and/or publicly that something is not true

regress: to return to an earlier or less advanced form or way of

behaving

798.

816.

recluse: someone who lives alone and avoids other people

790.

reproach: blame or criticism for something one has done

done

reciprocate: to return the same feelings or behavior that was

previously shown

789.

815.

recant: to take back, often publicly, a belief or opinion that one

previously held

788.

814.

recalcitrant: unwilling to obey rules or follow instructions;

difficult to control

reprimand: to express official disapproval of someone or his

or her actions

828.

rhetoric: persuasive or artful use of language

799.

reiterate: to repeat something, especially for emphasis

829.

rigid: not bending

800.

relegate: to give someone a lower or less important position,

830.

rigor: strictness or severity

831.

rival: a person or thing competing with another

relentless: not stopping or getting less strong

832.

robust: strong and healthy

relic: an object, a tradition, a system, etc. that has survived

833.

rank, etc. than before

801.
802.

from the past

803.

relinquish: to stop having something or to give something up,

especially unwillingly

804.

relish: to get great pleasure from something; to want very much

to do or have something

805.

reminisce: to think, talk, or write about a happy time in one's

past

806.
807.

renovate: to fix something so that it is in good condition again

834.

rudiments: the most basic and essential facts of a situation

835.

rustic: typical of the country or of country people; simple

836.

ruthless: hard and cruel; showing no pity

837.

salubrious: pleasant to live in; clean and healthy

838.

sanctity: 1. the state of being very important and worth

protecting
2. the state of being holy

renown: fame and admiration because of something one has

done

rouse: 1. to wake up, especially from a deep sleep

2. to make someone feel a particular emotion, especially anger or
excitement

839.

sanguine: cheerful and confident; optimistic

808.

repeal: to pass a law that cancels the effect of an existing law

840.

satire: mockery designed to expose folly, evil, or incompetence

809.

repel: 1. to fight back against and drive or keep something away

841.

2. to make someone feel horror or disgust

810.

repent: to feel and show that one is sorry for doing something
bad or wrong

811.

repertoire: 1. all the plays, songs, pieces of music, etc. that a

performer knows and can perform
2. all the things that a person is able to do

812.

reprehensible: morally wrong and deserving criticism

saturate: 1. to make something completely wet; to soak

2. to fill something or someone completely with something so
that it is impossible or useless to add anymore

842.
843.

scale: to climb
scapegoat: a person who is blamed for something bad that
someone else has done or for some failure

844.

schism: strong disagreement within an organization,

especially a religious one, that makes its members divide into
separate groups

845.

scintillating: very clever, amusing, and interesting

846.

scrupulous: extremely careful and thorough; paying great

876.
877.

staid: not amusing or interesting; boring and old-fashioned

stark: 1. harsh; bare
2. extreme; complete

878.

stature: 1. the importance and respect that a person has

because of their ability and achievements
2. a person's height

attention to details
847.

scrutinize: to examine closely

879.

steadfast: not changing in one's attitudes or aims

848.

sedate: slow, calm, and relaxed, often in a way that seems

880.

stem: 1. to stop something that is flowing, spreading, or

formal or lacks excitement

increasing
2. to have something as its origin or cause

849.

sedentary: spending a lot of time sitting down and not moving

850.

sedulous: showing great care and effort in work

881.

stern: serious and severe

851.

seemly: appropriate for a particular social situation

882.

stifle: to prevent something from happening; to prevent a

852.

segregate: to keep one thing separate from another

853.

serene: calm and peaceful

854.

servile: wanting too much to please someone and obey them

855.

sever: 1. to cut something into two pieces; to cut something off

something
2. to completely end a relationship or all communication with
someone

856.

shrewd: clever at understanding and making judgments about

feeling from being expressed

883.

stoic: enduring pain without complaint

884.

stratum: 1. a layer or set of layers of rock, earth, etc.

2. a class in a society

885.

strenuous: needing great effort and energy

886.

strident: having a loud, rough and unpleasant sound

887.

stringent: very strict and that must be obeyed

888.

a situation
857.
858.

shroud: to conceal

859.

sinister: seeming evil or dangerous

860.

situate: to build or place something in a particular position

861.

slovenly: careless, untidy, or dirty in appearance or habits

862.

smug: looking or feeling too pleased about something

863.

sober: serious and sensible

864.

sociable: willing to talk and spend time with other people

865.

867.

890.

soluble: 1. that can be dissolved in a liquid

891.

869.

892.

2. extreme, especially in a way that shows one is not aware of

one's actions
893.

money
894.

873.

or a belief by attacking it secretly or indirectly

895.

succinct: expressed clearly and in a few words

896.

succumb: to not be able to fight an attack, an illness, a

875.

temptation, etc.

sovereign: 1. (of power) without limit; highest

898.

sullen: bad-tempered and not speaking

899.

sully: to make something dirty or to spoil it

spare: 1. thin
sparse: present only in small amounts or numbers and often
spite: a feeling of want to hurt or upset someone
sporadic: happening only occasionally or at intervals that are
not regular

874.

subvert: to try to destroy something such as a political system

suffrage: the right to vote in political elections

spread over a large area

872.

subsist: to manage to stay alive, especially with limited food or

897.

2. simple and plain

871.

sublime: 1. of the best or most excellent kind; inspiring awe

soporific: causing sleep

2. very effective; excellent

870.

subjective: based on personal experience or feeling and not

from external evidence

2. that can be solved

868.

suave: confident, elegant and polite, sometimes in a way that

does not seem sincere

solicit: to ask someone for something or to try to persuade

someone to do something

stymie: to prevent someone from doing something planned or

desired; to prevent something from happening

solace: emotional comfort when one is sad; a person or thing

that makes one feel better in the face of sadness

866.

889.

singe: to burn the surface of something slightly, usually by

mistake; to be burnt in this way

stupefy: to surprise or shock someone; to make someone

unable to think clearly

spurious: false, although seeming to be genuine

squander: to waste money, time, etc. in a stupid or careless
way

900.

supercilious: behaving toward other people as if better than

they are; arrogant

901.
902.

superfluous: more than necessary

supersede: to take the place of something or someone that is
considered to be old-fashioned or no longer the best available

903.
904.

supplant: to take the place of

surmise: to guess something using the available evidence,
without definitely knowing; to suppose

905.

surmount: to deal successfully with a difficulty; to overcome

906.
907.

surreptitious: done secretly or while trying to avoid notice

935.

transient: lasting for only a short time

susceptible: very likely to be influenced or harmed by someone

936.

transitory: continuing for only a short time

or something
908.

937.

sustenance: the things needed to survive, especially food and

drink

909.

synonym: a word or expression that has the same or nearly the

938.

same meaning as another in the same language

910.

synthesis: the combination of separate things or ideas to form

tacit: suggested indirectly or understood, rather than said in

939.

taciturn: tending not to say very much, in a way that seems

treatise: a long and serious piece of wring on a particular

subject

940.

words
912.

transmute: to change, or make something change, into

something different

a complex whole
911.

transmit: 1. to send something from one person or place to

another
2. to allow heat, light, sound, etc. to pass through

tremor: 1. a small earthquake

2. a slight shaking movement in a part of one's body

941.

unfriendly

trepidation: great worry or fear about something unpleasant

that may happen

913.

tact: skillful in dealing with difficult or embarrassing situations

942.

trifle: something that is not valuable or important

914.

taint: to damage or spoil the quality of something or the

943.

trite: dull and boring because it has been expressed so many

opinion that people have of someone or something

915.

tamper: to make changes to something without permission,

especially in order to damage it

916.

tangible: that can be touched or felt; clearly in existence

917.

tantalize: to make a person or an animal want something that

they cannot have or do

918.

tax: to make difficult or excessive demands on

919.

tedious: lasting or taking too long and not interesting

920.

temperate: having a mild temperature without extremes of heat

times before; not original

944.

tumult: a confused situation full of noise and excitement

945.

turbulent: containing sudden, often violent, change or

confusion

946.

turmoil: a state of great anxiety and confusion

947.

tyrant: a cruel and oppressive dictator

948.

949.

or cold
921.

temporal: 1. connected with the real physical world, not

950.

923.

tenacious: that does not stop holding something or give up

something easily; determined

924.

tenant: a person who pays rent for the use of a room, building,
land, etc. to the person who owns it

925.

tenet: one of the principles or beliefs that a theory or larger set

of beliefs is based on

926.

tentative: done or said without certainty that is right, definite,

or final; not confident

927.

tenuous: so weak or uncertain that it hardly exists

928.

terse: using few words, often in a way that seems impolite or

unfriendly

929.

thwart: to prevent

930.

timorous: nervous and easily frightened

931.

tract: 1. an area of land, especially a large one

2. a short piece of writing intended to influence people's ideas,
especially one on a religious or political subject

932.

tractable: easy to deal with or control

933.

tranquil: quiet and peaceful

934.

transcend: to be or go beyond the usual limits of something

undermine: 1. to make something, especially someone's

confidence or authority, gradually weaker or less effective
2. to make something weaker at the base, for example by digging
under it

temporize: to avoid deciding something in order to gain more

time

unassuming: not wanting to draw attention to oneself or to

one's abilities or status

spiritual matters
2. connected with or limited by time
922.

ubiquitous: seeming to be everywhere or in several places at

the same time; very common

951.

underscore: to emphasize

952.

undue: more than is reasonable or necessary

953.

undulate: to go or move gently up and down like waves

954.

unkempt: not well cared for; not neat or tidy

955.

unwieldy: hard to handle or manage, especially because of size

or weight

956.
957.

unwitting: unaware of the situation one is involved in

urbane: good at knowing what to say and how to behave in
social situations; sophisticated

958.
959.

usurp: to take someone's position or power unjustly

utilitarian: designed to be useful and practical rather than
attractive

960.

utopia: an imaginary place or state in which everything is

perfect

961.

vacillate: frequently changing one's opinion or thoughts,

especially in an annoying manner

962.
963.

vacuous: showing no sign of intelligence or sensitive feelings

vain: 1. not producing the desired result
2. conceited

964.

vanquish: to defeat someone completely in a competition, war,

992.

etc.
965.

vantage: a position from which one views or considers

993.

something; a perspective
966.

vapid: lacking interest or intelligence

967.

vehement: showing very strong feelings, especially anger

968.

veiled: hidden

969.

venerate: to have and show great respect for someone or

970.

veracity: the quality of being true; the habit of telling the truth

971.

verbose: using or containing more words than are needed

972.

vex: to annoy or worry someone

973.

viable: 1. that can be done; that will be successful

975.

vicarious: felt or experienced by watching or reading someone

else doing something; rather than doing it oneself

976.

vice: evil actions; wickedness

977.

vigor: physical strength and energy

978.

vindicate: 1. to prove that something is true or right, especially

when other people had a different opinion
2. to prove someone is not guilty of doing something wrong or
illegal

979.

vindictive: trying or wanting to hurt someone in response to

real or imagined harm; vengeful

980.

virtuoso: a person who is extremely skillful at doing

something, especially playing a musical instrument

981.

virulent: 1. extremely dangerous or harmful and quick to have

an effect
2. showing strong negative and bitter feelings

982.

vocation: a job or way of life that is especially suitable for

someone

983.

volatile: 1. changing easily from one mood to another

2. likely to change suddenly; easily becoming dangerous
3. that changes easily into a gas

984.

voracious: 1. extremely hungry

2. wanting large amounts of knowledge or information

985.

wake: that which comes after or follows something

986.

wane: to become gradually weaker or less important

987.

want: lack

988.

warrant: 1. a legal document that is signed by a judge and

gives the police authority to do something
2. an acceptable reason for doing something

989.

wary: cautious of potential dangers or problems

990.

watershed: an event or a period of time that marks an

important change

991.

waver: 1. to be or become weak or unsteady

2. to hesitate and be unable to make a decision

wield: 1. to have and use power, authority, etc.

2. to hold something, ready to use it as a weapon or tool

997.

vibrant: full of life and energy

whimsical: unusual and not serious in a way that is either

amusing or annoying

995.

something ,especially someone or something that is considered

to be holy or very important

974.

whim: a sudden wish to do or have something, especially

something unusual or unnecessary

994.

996.

2. capable of developing and surviving independently

weather: to come safely through a difficult period; to survive

something

wistful: showing a thoughtful sadness, especially about

something in the past
wither: 1. to dry up and die
2. to become less or weaker, especially before disappearing
completely

998.

worldly: having a lot of experience of life and therefore not

easily shocked

999.

yearn: to want something very much, especially when it is very

difficult to get

1000.

zeal: great energy or enthusiasm