Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮﺳﺎت
Traversing
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥
أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس Traverse types
ش
ش
ش
ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻣﻮﺻﻞ
ش
ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻣﻔﺘﻮح
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧
اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ
Traversing Fieldwork
-١اﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎف :اﺟﺮاء ﺟﻮﻻت ﻣﻴﺪاﻧﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ وﺣﻮل اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ اﻟﻤﺮاد رﻓﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺑﻬﺪف اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ وﻣﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻳﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ.
-٢رﺳﻢ آﺮوآﻰ ﻋﺎم ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ :رﺳﻢ ﻣﺒﺴﻂ ﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺑﺪون ﻣﻘﻴﺎس رﺳﻢ ﺑﻬﺪف
ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ .ﻣﻊ وﺿﻊ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﺮوآﻰ
ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ.
-٣اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻊ وﺗﺜﺒﻴﺘﻬﺎ:ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺮوط اﻵﺗﻴﺔ:
ا -ان ﺗﺮى آﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ واﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ
ب -ان ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﻘﺎط اﻗﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ )ﻟﺘﻼﻓﻰ ﺗﺮاآﻢ اﻷﺧﻄﺎء(
ﺟـ -ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻨﻘﺎط ﻣﻜﺸﻮﻓﺔ وﺳﻬﻠﺔ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل اﻟﻴﻬﺎ وﻓﻰ أﻣﺎآﻦ ذات أرﺿﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ
وﺑﻌﻴﺪة ﻋﻦ ﺣﺮآﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺮ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨
”ﺗﺎﺑﻊ“اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ
د -ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻃﻮال اﻟﺨﻄﻮط ﻣﺘﻘﺎرﺑﺔ
هـ -ان ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺤﺼﻮرة ﺑﻴﻦ ١٢٠ – ٣٠درﺟﺔ
ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻧﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﻀﻠﻊ ﺑﺄداة ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻷرض ) ﻣﺜﻼ أوﺗﺎد ﺧﺸﺒﻴﺔ ﻓﻰ اﻷرض
اﻟﺰراﻋﻴﺔ ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻴﺮ ﺻﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﻔﻠﺖ(.
-٤ﻋﻤﻞ آﺮوت وﺻﻒ ﻟﻨﻘﺎط اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس :ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ آﺮت وﺻﻒ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ وﻳﺮﺳﻢ ﻓﻴﻪ
اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس وﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ وﻣﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ.
-٥رﻓﻊ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس :ﻳﺘﻢ رﻓﻊ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻣﻦ اﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ ،وذﻟﻚ ﺑﻘﻴﺎس
اﻧﺤﺮاف أﺣﺪ اﻟﺨﻄﻮط ﺛﻢ اﺟﺮاء اﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻄﻮﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ ) ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻮﺻﻠﺔ أو
ﺷﺮﻳﻂ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ( أو ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺤﻄﺔ اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ
-٦أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺘﺤﺸﻴﺔ )اﻟﺘﻔﺮﻳﺪ( :ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ رﻓﻊ اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻰ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
واﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺔ ﺑﻪ.
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩
ﻣﺜﺎل ﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب رﻓﻌﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺟـ
ب
د
ا
ﺟـ
ب
د
ا
اﻹﺗﺠﺎﻩ :هﻰ اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﺔ أو اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺧﻂ ﻣﺤﺪد ﺛﺎﺑﺖ او اﻓﺘﺮاﺿﻰ
)ﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل أو اﻟﺠﻨﻮب( واﺗﺠﺎﻩ هﺪف ﻓﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮى رأﺳﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ.
وﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﺎت اﻟﻰ:
-١اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻜﻠﻰ Azimuth
-٢اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى Quadrant Bearing
-٣اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ Reduced Bearing
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٤
Angle Types أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ
:أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ
Interior angles زاوﻳﺎ داﺧﻠﻴﺔ
Exterior angles زاوﻳﺎ ﺧﺎرﺟﻴﺔ
Deflection angles زواﻳﺎ ﻣﻨﺤﺮﻓﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٦
ﻗﻴﺎس اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ واﻻﺗﺠﺎهﺎت
Angles and directions measurement
ﺗﻘﺎس اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام :
اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ )ﺟﻬﺎز ﻳﻘﺮأ اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ ﺣﺘﻰ ١ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ(
وﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻓﻰ هﺬﻩ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
.
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٧
أﺷﻜﺎل ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻷدوات وأﺟﻬﺰة ﻗﻴﺎس اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ واﻻﺗﺠﺎهﺎت
اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ
45
30
f
اﻟﻘﻄﺐ اﻟﺸﻤﺎﻟﻰ
15
l
0
75 15 0
60 45 30
ﺧﻂ ﺟﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ
ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﻮل=ﺻﻔﺮ
30º
N
10º
N 0º
10º 0º
S
داﺋﺮة اﻹﺳﺘﻮاء
ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض=ﺻﻔﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﺻﻞ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٠
اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
اﻟﻐﺮب اﻟﺸﺮق
اﻟﻐﺮب اﻟﺸﺮق
اﻟﻐﺮب اﻟﺸﺮق
ﻏﺮب ﺟﻨﻮب اﻟﻐﺮب ﺷﺮق ﺟﻨﻮب اﻟﺸﺮق
4th N 1st
ش
quadrant اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺮﺑﻊ
quadrant اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ اﻷول
NW NE ش ﻏـ شق
W E ﻏـ ق
SW ﺟـ ﻏـ ﺟـ ق
SE
اﻟﺮﺑﻊ اﻟﺮﺑﻊ
3rd 2nd
اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ
quadrant quadrant
S ﺟـ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٦
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى )Whole Bearing (Azimuth
°٣٦٠ش
°٥٢
°٢٧٠ °٩٠
°١٨٠
* ﻳﻘﺎس ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ او اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٣٦٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٧
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى )Whole Bearing (Azimuth
°٣٦٠ش
°٢٧٠ °٩٠
°١٦١
°١٨٠
* ﻳﻘﺎس ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ او اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٣٦٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٨
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى )Whole Bearing (Azimuth
°٣٦٠ش
°٢٧٠ °٩٠
°٢٥٤
°١٨٠
* ﻳﻘﺎس ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ او اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٣٦٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٢٩
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى )Whole Bearing (Azimuth
°٣٦٠ش
°٣٤٠
°٢٧٠ °٩٠
°١٨٠
* ﻳﻘﺎس ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ او اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٣٦٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى )Whole Bearing (Azimuth
°٣٦٠ش
°٥٢
°٣٤٠
°٢٧٠ °٩٠
°١٦١
°٢٥٤
°١٨٠
* ﻳﻘﺎس ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺪءا ﻣﻦ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻰ او اﻟﻤﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻰ
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٣٦٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣١
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ Reduced Bearing
ش
°٥٢
°٢٠
°٧٤ °١٩
* اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺼﻮرة ﺑﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺨﻂ واﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل أو اﻟﺠﻨﻮب أﻳﻬﻤﺎ أﻗﺮب
* ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺘﺮاوح ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﻔﺮ و ٩٠درﺟﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٢
اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى واﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ
°١٨٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٣
اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى واﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ
°٢٧٠
°١٦١
°١٩
°١٨٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = – ١٨٠اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٤
اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى واﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ
°٢٧٠
°٧٤ °٢٥٤
°١٨٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
°٧٤
°١٨٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = - ٣٦٠اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٦
اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى واﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ
ش ش
°٣٦٠
°٥٢ °٣٤٠ °٥٢
°٢٠
°٢٧٠
°٢٥٤ °١٦١
°٧٤ °١٩
°١٨٠
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = - ٣٦٠اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى – ١٨٠ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮ = – ١٨٠اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٧
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻰ واﻟﺨﻠﻔﻰ
Forward and Back Bearing
-اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﻂ ا ب :اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ا ﻓﻰ
اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل واﻟﺨﻂ اب.
-اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺨﻠﻔﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﻂ ا ب :اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ب ﻓﻰ
اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺸﻤﺎل واﻟﺨﻂ ب ا.
ش
ش اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف
اﻟﺨﻠﻔﻰ
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف ب
اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻰ
ب
ش اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻰ
ﻟﻠﺨﻂ اب
اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ
ﺟـ
ا
اﻟﺰاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ = اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺨﻠﻔﻰ ﻟﻠﻀﻠﻊ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ – اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻰ ﻟﻠﻀﻠﻊ اﻟﻼﺣﻖ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٣٩
ﻣﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط وإﺷﺎرات اﻟﺪوال اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻴﺔ
ش
ل ﺟﺎ هـ ش
اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ
٤ ١
ﺟﺎ )(- ﺟﺎ )(+
ل ﺟﺘﺎ هـ
ل
اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ
ل ﺟﺘﺎ هـ
ل
هـ
اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
ا
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ ب = اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ ا +ل ﺟﺎ هـ
ﺑﻌﺪ ﻗﻴﺎس أرﺻﺎد اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس وﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻷﺧﻄﺎء اﻟﺮﺻﺪ ﻓﻼ ﻳﺘﻔﻖ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ
اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﻣﻊ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ﻟﻪ وﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﻴﻦ
”ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﺰاوى“
)ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﺰاوى = اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﻰ ±اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ(
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٣
-٢ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﺰاوى:
ﻓﺈذا آﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﺰاوى ﻓﻰ اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻬﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎل ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ،
أﻣﺎ إذا زادت ﻋﻦ اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﺘﻢ اﻋﺎدة ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى.
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٤
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﺰاوى
ش
ش "161°35’ 00
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب
ا
126.
80.08
ش ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ
36
"6°29’ 10
اﻟﺰواﻳﺎ ش
اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﺔ
هـ
ش ﺟـ
55.82
253.68
"262°46’ 40
د
"348°30’ 50
وﻟﻜﻦ ﻧﻈﺮا ﻟﻸﺧﻄﺎء اﻟﻮارد ﺣﺪوﺛﻬﺎ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺻﺪ ،ﻧﺠﺪ أن ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺒﺪاﻳﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻨﻄﺒﻖ
ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ وﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﺤﺴﺎب اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻰ ﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت أﺿﻼع اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
آﺎﻵﺗﻰ:
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٦
( ص+) اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ رﺳﻢ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻰ ﻟﺨﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ
ش
ب ا
ا
∆ل
∆ص
ا
١
هـ
ا
١
ﺟـ ∆س
د
( س+) اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
* Not to scale
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٧
-٤ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ:
ﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻬﺎ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ
اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ،ﻓﺈذا زادت ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺤﺪود اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻬﺎ
ﻓﻴﺘﻢ اﻋﺎدة ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻘﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى.
اﻣﺎ اذا آﺎن اﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺪود اﻟﻤﺴﻤﻮح ﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻪ ﺗﺒﻌﺎ ﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
)اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ أو اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ( ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺧﻄﻮات ﺳﻴﺘﻢ ﻋﺮﺿﻬﻤﺎ ﻻﺣﻘﺎ.
ﺛﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻰ )دﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس( ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ:
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٤٨
اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ – اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻷول
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٠
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥١
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٢
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
-11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﺟﺎ ) زاوﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف( اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ x
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٣
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﺟﺘﺎ ) زاوﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف( اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ x
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٤
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
-0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ = اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى ﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط )أﺧﺬ اﻹﺷﺎرة ﻓﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر(
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٥
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
-0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ ) xﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ \ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس(
*** ﺗﺪون ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٦
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
-0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ ) xﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ \ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس(
*** ﺗﺪون ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٧
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
-11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
-0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ +ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٨
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
-0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ +ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٥٩
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٠
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
5213.614 ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
5253.584 ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
5002.016 د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
4990.923 هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
5000.000 ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ = اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ +اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦١
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.454 5213.614 ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.580 5253.584 ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.715 5002.016 د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.424 4990.923 هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ = اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ +اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٢
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.454 5213.614 ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.580 5253.584 ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.715 5002.016 د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.424 4990.923 هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ :ﺗﺴﺎوى ﻗﻴﻢ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ واﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﻷول وﺁﺧﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ )ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ(
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٣
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.454 5213.614 ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.580 5253.584 ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.715 5002.016 د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.424 4990.923 هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
0.298 ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ = )ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ() + 2ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ( 2
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٤
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺒﻮﺻﻠﺔ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.454 213.614 0.024 17.430 0.084 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.454 5213.614 ب
-119.874 39.970 0.014 -119.888 0.050 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.580 5253.584 ﺟـ
-31.864 -251.568 0.028 -31.892 0.100 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.715 5002.016 د
54.708 -11.094 0.006 54.702 0.022 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.424 4990.923 هـ
79.576 9.077 0.009 79.567 0.031 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 730.18 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
0.298 ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
1 / 2450 اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٥
اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ – اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٨
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
-11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﺟﺎ ) زاوﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف( اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ x
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٦٩
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﺟﺘﺎ ) زاوﻳﺔ اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف( اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ = ﻃﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ x
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٠
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى :ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻮط ﻣﻊ ﻋﺪم أﺧﺬ اﻹﺷﺎرة ﻓﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧١
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
-0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﺧﻄﺄ ﻗﻔﻞ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت )اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى ( :ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﻮط ﻣﻊ أﺧﺬ اﻹﺷﺎرة ﻓﻰ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٢
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
-0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ ) xﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ \ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى(
*** ﺗﺪون ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٣
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
-0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ ) xﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ \ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى(
*** ﺗﺪون ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺑﻌﻜﺲ إﺷﺎرة ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٤
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
-11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
-0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ +ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٥
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
-0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ = اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ +ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٦
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٧
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
5213.646 ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
5253.588 ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
5002.058 د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
4990.949 هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
5000.000 ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ = اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ +اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٨
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.435 5213.646 ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.578 5253.588 ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.695 5002.058 د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.411 4990.949 هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ = اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ +اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٧٩
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.435 5213.646 ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.578 5253.588 ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.695 5002.058 د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.411 4990.949 هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
اﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ :ﺗﺴﺎوى ﻗﻴﻢ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ واﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ ﻷول وﺁﺧﺮ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ )ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ(
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٠
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.435 5213.646 ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.578 5253.588 ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.695 5002.058 د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.411 4990.949 هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
0.298 ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ اﻟﻀﻠﻌﻰ = )ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ() + 2ﻣﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ( 2
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨١
ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﺗﺮاﻓﻴﺮس اﻟﺘﻴﻮدوﻟﻴﺖ
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻐﻴﺮ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺼﺤﺤﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﺤﻴﺢ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
17.435 213.646 0.005 17.430 0.117 213.530 85 20 ا ب 0 214.24
1017.435 5213.646 ب
-119.856 39.942 0.032 -119.888 0.022 39.920 161 35 ب ﺟـ 0 126.36
897.578 5253.588 ﺟـ
-31.884 -251.530 0.008 -31.892 0.137 -251.667 262 46 ﺟـ د 40 253.68
865.695 5002.058 د
54.717 -11.109 0.015 54.702 0.006 -11.115 348 30 د هـ 50 55.82
920.411 4990.949 هـ
79.589 9.051 0.021 79.567 0.005 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
1000.000 5000.000 ا
303.480 525.279 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﻌﺪدى 730.18
0.000 0.000 -0.081 -0.287 اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى
0.298 ﺧﻄﺄ اﻟﻘﻔﻞ
1\2450 اﻟﺪﻗﺔ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٢
اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ- اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
درﺟﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ
17.430 213.530 85 20 0 214.24 اب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 0 126.36 ب ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
ل ﺟﺘﺎهـ ل ﺟﺎهـ هـ ل د هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺻﻔﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ل ﺟﺎهـ = ٩٫٠٤٦ + ٢٥١٫٦٦٧ - ٣٩٫٩٢ + ٢١٣٫٥٣ +ﺻﻔﺮ
ل ﺟﺘﺎ هـ = ٧٩٫٥٦٧ +٣١٫٨٩٢- ١١٩٫٨٨٨ -١٧٫٤٣ +ﺻﻔﺮ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٦
-٢اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ :ﻃﻮل ﺧﻂ واﻧﺤﺮاف ﺧﻂ ﺁﺧﺮ
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
17.430 213.530 85 20 0 214.24 اب
161 35ل ١ﺟﺎ ) ( ١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ل ١ﺟﺘﺎ ) ( ١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ 0 ل١ ب ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
55.82ﺟﺘﺎ هـ ٢ 55.82ﺟﺎ هـ ٢ هـ ٢ 55.82 د هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺻﻔﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ل ١ﺟﺎ ) ٥٥٫٨٢ + ٢٥١٫٦٦٧ - ٢١٣٫٥٣ + ( ١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ﺟﺎ هـ = ٩٫٠٤٦ + ٢ﺻﻔﺮ
ل ١ﺟﺘﺎ ) ٥٥٫٨٢ +٣١٫٨٩٢- ١٧٫٤٣ + ( ١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ﺟﺘﺎ هـ = ٧٩٫٥٦٧ + ٢ﺻﻔﺮ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٧
-٣اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ :ﻃﻮل ﺧﻄﻴﻦ
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
17.430 213.530 85 20 0 214.24 اب
161 35ل ١ﺟﺎ ) (١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ل ١ﺟﺘﺎ )(١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ 0 ل١ ب ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
348 30 50ل ٢ﺟﺎ ) (٣٤٨ ٣٠ ٥٠ل ٢ﺟﺘﺎ )(٣٤٨ ٣٠ ٥٠ ل٢ د هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺻﻔﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع
ل ١ﺟﺎ ) + (١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ل ٢ﺟﺎ ) = ٩٫٠٤٦ + ٢٥١٫٦٦٧ - ٢١٣٫٥٣ + (٣٤٨ ٣٠ ٥٠ﺻﻔﺮ
ل ١ﺟﺘﺎ ) + (١٦١ ٣٥ ٠ل ٢ﺟﺘﺎ ) = ٧٩٫٥٦٧ +٣١٫٨٩٢- ١٧٫٤٣ + (٣٤٨ ٣٠ ٥٠ﺻﻔﺮ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٨
-٤اﻷرﺻﺎد اﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ :اﻧﺤﺮاف ﺧﻄﻴﻦ
اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔاﻟﺮأﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
درﺟﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ
214.24ﺟﺎهـ214.24 ١ﺟﺘﺎهـ١ هـ١ 214.24 اب
-119.888 39.920 161 35 0 126.36 ب ﺟـ
-31.892 -251.667 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
55.82ﺟﺎهـ55.82 ٢ﺟﺘﺎهـ٢ هـ٢ 55.82 د هـ
79.567 9.046 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺻﻔﺮ ﺻﻔﺮ اﻟﺠﻤﻮع
214.24ﺟﺎهـ٥٥٫٨٢ + ٢٥١٫٦٦٧ - ٣٩٫٩٢ + ١ﺟﺎهـ = ٩٫٠٤٦ + ٢ﺻﻔﺮ
214.24ﺟﺎهـ٥٥٫٨٢ + ٣١٫٨٩٢- ١١٩٫٨٨٨ - ١ﺟﺘﺎهـ = ٧٩٫٥٦٧+ ٢ﺻﻔﺮ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٨٩
اﻟﺒﺎب اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ
ش
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
ا ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٢
آﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻃﻮال واﻧﺤﺮاﻓﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط
ش
ش "161°35’ 00
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
ا ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
126.
85 20 0 214.24 اب
161 35 0 126.36 ب ﺟـ
36
262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
348 30 50 55.82 د هـ
6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺟـ
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٣
آﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻃﻮال واﻧﺤﺮاﻓﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط
ش
ش "161°35’ 00
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
ا ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
126.
85 20 0 214.24 اب
161 35 0 126.36 ب ﺟـ
36
ش 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
348 30 50 55.82 د هـ
6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ﺟـ
253.68
"262°46’ 40
د
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٤
آﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻃﻮال واﻧﺤﺮاﻓﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط
ش
ش "161°35’ 00
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
ا ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
126.
85 20 0 214.24 اب
161 35 0 126.36 ب ﺟـ
36
ش 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
348 30 50 55.82 د هـ
هـ 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ش ﺟـ
55.82
253.68
"262°46’ 40
د
"348°30’ 50
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٥
آﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس
ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻷﻃﻮال واﻧﺤﺮاﻓﺎت اﻟﺨﻄﻮط
ش
ش "161°35’ 00
"85°20’ 00
214.24 ب اﻹﻧﺤﺮاف اﻟﺪاﺋﺮى
ا ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺔ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ درﺟﺔ
اﻟﻄﻮل اﻟﺨﻂ
126.
85 20 0 214.24 اب
80.08
36
ش 262 46 40 253.68 ﺟـ د
"6°29’ 10 348 30 50 55.82 د هـ
هـ 6 29 10 80.08 هـ ا
ش ﺟـ
55.82
253.68
"262°46’ 40
د
"348°30’ 50
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٦
آﻴﻔﻴﺔ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت-٢
850 د
س
5300
5000
5050
5100
5150
5200
5250
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ٩٨
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت-٣
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٠
ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس =
½ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ] اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ )xاﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ
ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ -اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ( [
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠١
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
ا
ب
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٢
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٣
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٤
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٥
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٦
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٧
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٨
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٠٩
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٠
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١١
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٢
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٣
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻷﻓﻘﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٤
ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس =
½ ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ] اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ ) xاﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻴﺔ -اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ ﻟﻠﻨﻘﻄﺔ اﻟﺨﻠﻔﻴﺔ([
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٥
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
ا
ب
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٦
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٧
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٨
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١١٩
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٠
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢١
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٢
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٣
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٤
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٥
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٦
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٧
ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت
اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ xﻓﺮق اﻷﻓﻘﻰ) اﻟﻼﺣﻖ - اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻰ
اﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ
اﻹﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ( اﻟﺮأﺳﻰ اﻷﻓﻘﻰ
1000.000 5000.000 ا
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٨
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٢٩
ش
ب
1000 ا
950
هـ
900 ﺟـ
د
850
س
5300
5100
5150
5200
5050
5250
5000
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٠
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣١
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٢
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٣
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٤
أو ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ =
اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع اﻟﺠﺒﺮى ) اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺔ اﻷﻓﻘﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺿﻠﻊ xاﻟﻌﻤﻮد
اﻟﺴﺎﻗﻂ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻀﻠﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻷﻓﻘﻰ(
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٥
ش
ب
1000 ا
950
هـ
900
ﺟـ
د
850
س
5300
5100
5150
5200
5050
5250
5000
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٦
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٧
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٨
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٣٩
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٤٠
-٤ﺣﺴﺎب ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺘﺮاﻓﻴﺮس ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻤﺮآﺒﺎت
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٤١
Thanks
fo r
your
attention
I am glad to receive your additional comments at:
E-mail: saidmaghraby@yahoo.com
E_Learning courses in Engineering Surveying Prof. Dr. Eng. Said Elmaghraby ١٤٢