The Basic theories of optics

and optical simulation using

Trace Pro
In-Sung Kang

Purpose :
To design the spectrograph using conventional
optical components

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Basic theories of optics - Lens

Lens Makers Formula

Conventional Lens

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

Conic Constant

Surface Type

K=0
K = -1
-1 < K < 0
K>0
K < -1

Sphere
Parabola
Prolate Ellipse
Oblate Ellipse(Not strictly a conic section)
Hyperbola

C= 1/R

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

Modification of the components properties

How to make a lens in Trace Pro

Conventional Spherical Mirror

How to make a spherical mirror in

Trace Pro
Using Insert Lens Element
Surface property Perfect mirror

How to make a spherical mirror in

Trace Pro

How to make a light source in

Trace Pro

How to make a light source in

Trace Pro
Enable Grid Source 1
Define Grid Source
Match to core size of optical fiber
(600um)
Grid pattern : Random?
From UV to Vis : Radiometric
The larger points, the slower of
simulation speed
Orientation of Grid Source

How to make a light source in

Trace Pro
Enable Grid Source 1
Define Grid Source
Spatial distribution : Uniform?
Gaussian?
Angular dispersion : Uniform?
Gaussian? Lambertian?
Orientation of Grid Source
Diverge from points is used
to simulate spread beam
Considering optical Fiber NA:
0.22

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Trace Pro
Gaussian / Lambertian

How to make a light source in

Trace Pro

How to define virtual focal point when using optical fiber

NA : 0.22
sin = 0.22, tan = 0.225
H : 0.3mm for 600um core
L : 0.3/0.225 = 1.33

H
L

How to make a light source in

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Edit wavelength
In this lecture, CCD and
Light source are
operated in Vis-NIR
range (350 ~ 1100nm)

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Trace Pro
Colors of rays

How to make a light source in

Trace Pro
Trace Rays

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

Slit Dimension thickness : 12.8 um, slit width : 50um, slit

height : 3mm
Using Insert Lens
Rectangular hole can be formed in Obstruction tab
Surface Property : Perfect Absorber

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

Slit Dimension thickness : 12.8 um, slit width : 50um, slit

height : 3mm
Using Insert Lens
Rectangular hole can be formed in Obstruction tab
Surface Property : Perfect Absorber

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

After tilting the mirror, Ray trace is as following

Rays outside the mirror will be the scattered and it can make
stray light. It must be blocked using aperture stop

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

Aperture Stop?

How to make a slit in Trace Pro

Assignment

Design a aperture stop to block the rays dispersed in large angle.

Is it similar to the following picture?

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Grating specification

Grooves/mm : 600 distance between two grooves : 1/600 =

0.001667mm 1.667um

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Edit surface property

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Edit surface property Add property Type : Grating

Spacing : 1.667

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Edit surface property Add property Type : Grating

Spacing : 1.667
Data Points Add Grating Order (-2, -1, 0, 1, 2)
Edit Specular Reflectance at each order
Solve for : Absorbance

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Insert Lens Rectangular Plane Lens

Surface Property 600GR Holographic Grating

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro

Analysis Ray Tracing

0 Order

-1 Order

-2 Order

How to make a grating in Trace

Pro
Assignment
- Insert a Second Mirror to focus the diffracted light to the image
plane
- Locate the image plane and trace the rays

See you next time