LAKSHMI NARAIN COLLEGE OF TECNOLOGY AND SCIENCE (RIT),

INDORE
(An institution affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal)

Estd. 2002

RECOMMENDATION
This is recommended that dissertation entitled CFD Analysis of a Single Shell
and Tube Heat Exchanger and Determining the Effect of Baffle Angle on Heat
Transfer submitted by Manoj Kumar Pandita (0817ME13MT10) is a satisfactory
account of the bonafide work done under our supervision and is recommended
towards partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Master of Technology in
Thermal Engineering to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal
(M.P.).
Date:
Endorsed By:
.
(Head of Department)

..

Assist. Prof.
Mrs. A B Jayant
(Project Guide)

Principal
LAKSHMI NARAIN COLLEGE OF TECNOLOGY AND SCIENCE (RIT),
INDORE
(An institution affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal)

Estd. 2002

CERTIFICATE
The dissertation work entitled CFD Analysis of a Single Shell and Tube
Heat Exchanger and Determining the Effect of Baffle Angle on Heat Transfer

submitted by Manoj Kumar Pandita (0817ME13MT10) is approved as

partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Master of Technology in
Thermal Engineering by Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya,
Bhopal (M.P.).

.....

Internal Examiner
Date:

External Examiner
Date:

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the work which is being presented in this dissertation
entitled CFD Analysis of a Single Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger and
Determining the Effect of Baffle-Angle on Heat Transfer in partial fulfilment

of requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Technology in

Thermal Engineering submitted in Mechanical Engineering Department of
LNCTS (RIT) Indore, is in an authentic record of my own work carried out
under the supervision and guidance of Assist. Prof. Mrs. A B Jayant. I have
not submitted the matter embodied in this report for the award of any other
degree.
I also declare that A check for plagiarism has been carried out on the
thesis/project report/dissertation and is found within the acceptable limit and
report of which is enclosed herewith:

Manoj Kumar Pandita

0817ME13MT10

Supervisor

Director/ Principal Sign. With Seal

CFD Analysis of a Single Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger and Determining the Effect of
Baffle Angle on Heat Transfer

PLAGIARISM REPORT
Sr. No.

Chapter No.

Sub Chapter No.

Plagiarism Value

Original Value

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1

1.1 1.4

0%

100%

CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2

II

2.1 2.2

1%

99%

CHAPTER III: THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS

3

III

3.1 3.4

2%

98%

CHAPTER IV: MATERIALS AND METHODS

4

IV

4.1 4.2

0%

100%

CHAPTER V: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

5

5.1 5.3

0%

100%

CHAPTER VI: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

6

VI

None

0%

Average Plagiarism Report

0.5%
4

100%
99.5%

Stamp paper

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Completing a task is never one-man effort. It is often the result of valuable
contribution of number of individuals in direct or indirect manner that helps in
shaping and achieving an objective.
This is to acknowledge that this thesis completed successfully with the help
and inputs from my supervisor Assist. Prof. A B Jayant, and Principal LNCT
& S (RIT) Indore, for guiding me and showing the path, whenever I was in
difficulty. His direction, supervision and constructive criticism were indeed
the source of inspiration for me.
I am deeply indebted to Shri Suprabhat Chouksey, Managing Director and
Dr. A. K. Sinha, Group Academic Advisor, and Registrar, LNCT Indore, for
allowing me to pursue for Master of Technology Program. Their blessing is
the most important strength which has enlightened not only my path towards
success, but also serves as a source of inspiration to all the students of LNCT
group.
I sincerely feel grateful to all my teachers who taught me. I am thankful to all
the faculty members of Lakshmi Narain College of Technology Indore, who
helped me from time to time in providing facilities and support. I thank my
parents and all the family members for their support and encouragement
throughout my project work.
Place: Indore
Date:

Manoj Kumar Pandita

0817ME13MT10
6

University prapatra

List of Tables
List of Tables

Page
no
26

Table no 4.1 Geometric dimensions of shell and tube heat exchanger

Table no Ansys Fluent commands

30

Table no 5.10 Theoretical calculations

45

Table no 5.11.4 CFD Calculations

Table6.1 Heat Flux in Different Baffle Profiles
Table6.1 Heat Flux in Different Baffle Profiles
Table 6.3 Result comparison

49

62
62
63

List of figures
List of Figures

Page
No
13

2.2 Types of Segmental baffle

3.1 Parallel flow heat exchangers
17
3.2 Counter flow heat exchangers
3.3 Cross flow heat exchanger
3.4 Concentric tubes

18
19

Fig 5.1 Types of fluid flow simulation for a shell and tube exchanger

20
32

Fig 5.6 Design intent in sketch for modal

35

Fig 5.7 Command selection in design for modal

36

Fig 5.8 Meshing of modal

37

Fig 5.11.1 Heat Flux for Heat exchanger with -45 degree Baffle

46

Fig 5.11.2 Heat Flux for Heat exchanger with -45 degree Baffle6.3 The result (Boundary
and heat flux sensible) for 45 degree

47
48

Fig.5.11.2 Heat Flux for Heat exchanger with 0 degree Baffle

Fig

5.11.3

Heat

Flux

for

Heat

exchanger

with

+45

degree

Baffle

49

Heat Flux for -45 degree Baffle inclination

Fig 5.12 Schematic diagram of thermal power plant

51
53

Fig 5.13 General arrangement of an ESP

List of Abbreviations/Nomenclature

Heat exchanger length

Di

Shell inner diameter,

Do

Tube outer diameter

Nt

Number of tubes,

Nb

Number of baffles.

Central baffle spacing,

Baffle inclination angle

Bc

Baffle cut
9

List of Symbols
Greek symbols like alpha beta delta etc.
Symbol

Definition

Nu
T

ph

Difference
Relative error in Nusselt number calculation or evaluation
Relative error in static temperature calculation or evaluation
Kolmogorov microscale of length / Face of the computational cell
Physical property of the shell-side fluid
Angle between MSD and the axis which passes through the shell center
and is parallel to the inlet nozzle neck
ca
Centri-angle of the baffle cut intersection with the inside shell wall
Tout/Tin Pmax Maximum angle in radian between the edges of elements
Minimum angle in radian between the edges of elements
Pmin

Average length of the edges in a coordinate direction (i) local to the

element
Displacement between two points in turbulent flow
Effective turbulent Prandtl number for
Kolmogorov microscale of time

10

Kolmogorov microscale of velocity

Void fraction of tube bank
Hypothetical function
Specific dissipation rate in k- model for turbulence modeling

Dimensionless numbers
Nu
Nusselt number (hcharacteristic length)/kf
Nu0
Nusselt number at zero Reynolds number
Pr
Prandtl number (Cp/kf)
Re
Reynolds number u(characteristics length)/

List of Units
Cm,lit/m,kW
List of plates (photos)

11

ABSTRACT

In current days, shell and tube heat exchanger is the most common type heat exchanger widely
used in oil refinery and other large chemical process, because it suits higher pressure application.
The purpose of the project is CFD analysis of a single shell and single tube heat exchanger and
formative the effect of baffle angle on heat transfer temperature using ANSYS software tool.So
attempts were made to examine the impacts of various baffle inclination angles on fluid stream
and the heat transfer characteristics of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger for three different baffle
plates inclination angles namely 0, 45 and -45.
The results for shell and tube heat exchangers, one with segmental baffles
perpendicular to fluid stream and two with segmental baffles inclined to the direction of fluid
flow are compared for their performance. The results are observed to be responsive to the baffle
angles. The steady state heat transfer rate was found to be more in the case of +45 degrees as
compared to the -45 degrees. The heat flux is maximum in + 45 degrees baffle angle and
minimum in case of -45 degree baffle angle. This is physically correct because in +45 degree the
hot fluid which is in the shell side and above tube is directed towards the tube which promotes
the flow and thus increasing the heat transfer rate. In case of -45 degrees the baffles opposes the
hot fluid in the shell area and above the tube, destructs and opposes the flow and hence the heat
transfer rate is reduced. The 0 degrees baffles angle lies in intermediate of the +45 degree and
-45 degree.

12

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