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Lngua Inglesa

IV

Aula 9
Sarah Barbieri Vieira

In this class...
7. Passive Voice and Confusing words
The Passive with Tense and Aspect
Modal Verbs with Passives
Passive Sentences with Two Objects

How Chocolate Is Made


https://www.brainscape.com/blog/2014/10/chocolate-golden-ticketconcentration/

Chocolate is made from the seeds of roasted cocoa


beans. After the seeds have been roasted, the inside
of the seed is pressed into a liquid. This liquid is
called chocolate liquor. The liquor contains fat, which
is separated from the liquor. After this has been done,
a solid is left. This solid, which is known as cocoa
cake, is ground up and becomes unsweetened cocoa.
This is very bitter chocolate. To make it taste better,
other substances such as cocoa butter and sugar will
be added latter.

Passive Voice
Verbs in the active and
passive forms
Simple Present
Active: clean(s)
Passive: is cleaned

Examples
Somebody cleans the
office
every day.

Simple Past
Active: cleaned

The office is cleaned every


day.
Somebody cleaned the
office yesterday.

Passive: was/were
cleaned

The office was cleaned


Yesterday.
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Passive Voice
Present Continuous
Active: am/is/are
cleaning
Passive: am/is/are being
cleaned
Past Continuous
Active: was/were
cleaning
Passive: was/were being
cleaned

Somebody is cleaning the


office now.
The office is being cleaned
now.
Somebody was cleaning the
office at 4 oclock yesterday.
The office was being cleaned
at 4 oclock yesterday.

Passive Voice
Present Perfect
Active: have/has cleaned

Somebody has cleaned the


office.

Passive: have/has been


cleaned

The office has been


cleaned.

Past Perfect
Active: had cleaned

Somebody had cleaned the


office when I arrived.

Passive: had been


cleaned

The office had been cleaned


when I arrived.

Passive Voice
Simple Future
Active: will clean.

Somebody will clean the


office later.

Passive: will be cleaned.

The office will be cleaned


later.

Future Perfect
Active: will have cleaned.

Somebody will have


cleaned the office by 5
oclock.

Passive: will have been


cleaned.

The office will have been


cleaned by 5 oclock.

Passive Voice
Present Perfect Continuous
Active: have/has been
cleaning

Somebody has been


cleaning the office for half an
hour.

Passive: have/has been


being cleaned

The office has been being


cleaned for half an hour.

Passive Voice
Modal verbs in active and
passive forms
active: should/could/ought
to/might (etc.) clean
passive:
should/could/ought
to/might (etc.) be cleaned

Examples

You should clean the


office.
The office should be
cleaned.

Passive Voice
active:
You should have cleaned
should/could/might/ought to
the office.
(etc.) have cleaned
passive:
The office should have
should/could/might/ought to
been cleaned.
(etc.) have been cleaned
active:
You should have been
should/could/might/ought to
cleaning the office while I
(etc.) have been cleaning
was filing.
passive:
The office should have
should/could/might/ought to
been being cleaned while
(etc.) have been being
I was filing.
cleaned
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Active Voice:
John sent some flowers to Mary.
John sent Mary some flowers.

Passive Voice:
Mary was sent some flowers by John.
Some flowers were sent to Mary by John.

http://www.gardeniaflores.com.br/bouquets/bouquet-de-flores-do-campo-30cm

Passive with two Objects

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Vdeo

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Bibliography
AZAR, B. S. Understanding and Using English
Grammar. 3rd. Ed. New Jersey: Pearson
Education, 1999. 437p.
MURPHY, R. Grammar in use Intermediate. 2nd.
Ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
341p.
MURPHY, R. Essencial Grammar in Use. 7th.
Ed.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.

Lngua Inglesa
IV

Atividade 9
Sarah Barbieri Vieira

Change the sentences to the passive voice:

15

a. Ricky should have done the project.


b. They have spent a lot of money.
c. The students can do their homework later.
d. Lucy is organizing the exhibition.
e. The workers will build a new hospital.

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Answer Key
a. Ricky should have done the project.
The project should have been done by Ricky.
b. They have spent a lot of money.
A lof of money has been spent.
c. The students can do their homework later.
Their homework can be done later.
d. Lucy is organizing the exhibition.
The exhibition is being organized by Lucy.
e. The workers will build a new hospital.
A new hospital will be built by the workers.

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