HIGH QUALITY CPR IMPROVES VICTIMS CHANCES OF SURVIVAL.

THE CHARACTERISTICS ARE

1. START COMPRESSIONS WITHIN 10 SECONDS
2. PUSH HARD PUSH FAST
RATE: AT LEAST 5CM (2 INCHES) FOR ADULTS
APPROXIMATELY 5CM (2 INCHES) FOR CHILDREN
APPROXIMATELY 4 CM (1 AND HALF INCHES) FOR INFANT
3. ALLOW COMPLETE CHEST RECOIL
4. MINIMIZE INTERRUPTIONS
5. AVOID EXCESSIVE VENTILLATIONS

ADULT CHAIN SURVIVAL

POINTS;
1. RECOGNITION AND ACTIVATION
2. CPR
3. RAPID DEFIBRILLATION
4. EFFECTIVE ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT
5. INTEGRATED POST CARDIAL ARREST CARE

PAEDIATRIC CHAIN OF SURVIVAL

POINTS:
1. PREVENTION OF ARREST
2. BYSTANDER CPR
3. RAPID ACTIVATION
4. EFFECTIVE ADVANCED LIFE SUPPORT

5. INTEGRATED POST CARDIAC ARREST CARE

SEQUENCE
Remember CAB
C: Compressions Push hard and fast on lower half
of the breastbone.
A: Airway Tilt the head back and lift the chin to
open the airway.
B: Breathing Give 2 rescue breaths.

INITIAL BLS STEPS

1. ASSESS THE VICTIM FOR A RESPONSE AND LOOK FOR NORMAL OR ABNORMAL
BREATHING. IF THERE IS NO RESPONSE OR NO BREATHING SHOUT FOR HELP
2. IF YOU ARE ALONE , ACTIVATE ENMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM AND GET AED IF
AVAILABLE AND RETUN FOR THE VICTIM
3. CHECK THE VICTIMS PULSE(ATLEAST FOR 5 SECONDS BUT NOT MORE THAN 10
SECONDS)
4. IF YOU DONOT DEFINITELY FEEL A PULSE WITHIN A 10 SECONDS, PERFORM 5
CYCLES OF COMPRESSIONS AND BREATHS (30:2 RATIO) STARING WITH CAB
SEQUENCE

ADULT CPR
(PUBERTY AND OLDER)

CHILD CPR
(1 YEAR OLD TO PUBERTY)

INFANT CPR
(LESS THAN 1 YEAR OLD)

Assessment:
Tap shoulders and shout "Are you Okay?"
Check for a response and look for normal
breathing for 5-10 seconds.
Call for Help (911) if outside hospital
Yell for help / push code button, if available
inside hospital. Tell someone to get the
AED.
Check carotid pulse for at least 5 seconds
but no more than 10 seconds. If no pulse,
start CPR.
Start your CAB sequence:
Compressions: Give 30 compressions.
Airway: Open airway w/ head tilt chin lift.
Breathing: Give 2 breaths.
Repeat CAB until adult starts breathing or
until help takes over.
Notes:
Compressions are delivered two-handed,
between the nipples on the lower half of the
breast bone.
Deliver Compressions at least 2 inches (5
cm) the depth of chest.
Rate:
100 Compressions per minute
1-Resuer CPR Ratio:
30 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
2-Rescuer CPR Ratio:
30 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
Rescue Breathing
1 breath every 5-6 seconds
Obstructed Airway (choking)
Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver)
Unconscious Obstructed Airway
(choking)
Deliver CPR
Remove object if visible

Assessment:
Tap shoulders and shout "Are you Okay?"
Check for a response and look for normal
breathing for 5-10 seconds.
Call for Help (911) if outside hospital
Yell for help / push code button, if available
inside hospital. Tell someone to get the
AED.
Check carotid pulse for at least 5 seconds
but no more than 10 seconds. If no pulse,
start CPR.
Start your CAB sequence:
Compressions: Give 30 compressions.
Airway: Open airway w/ head tilt chin lift.
Breathing: Give 2 breaths.
Repeat CAB until child starts breathing or
until help takes over.
Notes:
Compressions are delivered two-handed or
one-handed depending on the size of the
child, over the center of the chest between
the nipples.
Deliver Compressions at least 1/3 the
anterior/posterior diameter of the chest.
About 2 inches (5 cm) the depth of chest.
Rate:
100 Compressions per minute
1-Rescuer CPR Ratio:
30 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
2-Rescuer CPR Ratio:
15 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
Note: If you are alone with this child, give 5
cycles of CPR and then call for help (911)
and get the AED.
Rescue Breathing
1 breath every 3-5 seconds
Obstructed Airway (choking)
Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich Maneuver at
the childs level)
Unconscious Obstructed Airway
(choking)
Deliver CPR
Remove object if visible

Assessment:
Tap the infants foot and shout "Baby, Baby!
Are you Okay?" Check for a response and
look for normal breathing for 5-10 seconds.
Call for Help (911) if outside hospital
Yell for help / push code button, if available
inside hospital. Tell someone to get the AED.
Check brachial pulse for at least 5 seconds
but no more than 10 seconds. If no pulse,
start CPR.
Start your CAB sequence:
Compressions: Give 30 compressions.
Airway: Open airway w/ head tilt chin lift.
Breathing: Give 2 breaths.
Repeat CAB until infant starts breathing or
until help takes over.
Notes:
Compressions are delivered with two-fingers,
on the breast bone just below the nipple line.
Deliver Compressions at least 1/3 the
anterior/posterior diameter of the chest.
About 1 inches (4 cm).
Rate:
100 Compressions per minute
1-Rescuer CPR Ratio:
30 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
2-Rescuer CPR Ratio:
15 COMPRESSIONS
2 BREATHS
(Two-thumb encircling technique)
Note: If you are alone with this infant, give 5
cycles of CPR and then call for help (911)
and get the AED.
Rescue Breathing
1 breath every 3-5 seconds
Obstructed Airway (choking)
5 back blows & 5 chest thrusts
Unconscious Obstructed Airway (choking)
Deliver CPR
Remove object if visible

Automated External Defibrillator (AED):

Only use an AED on an unconscious adult, child (1-8 years old) or infant (less
than 1 year old) who is not breathing and has no pulse present. Use the AED
as soon as it is available.
Choose the correct size AED pads for the adult or child/infant younger than 8
years of age. If available use the smaller size pad for children and infants. If
not available, use the standard adult pads, making sure the pads do not
touch or overlap. You may not use the small pads on an adult. The small pads
will not deliver the correct shock dose for an adult.
Healthcare providers should give CPR until the AED arrives. CPR should
continue until AED pads are placed and the AED is ready to analyze.
If the victim is a child or infant and the rescuer did not witness the arrest, the
rescuer should give 5 cycles of CPR (about 2 minutes) before activating the
emergency response system and getting the AED.

Operating an AED:

Turn on the AED and Follow the voice prompts.

Place the electrodes.
Plug in the electrodes.
Clear the victim when the AED states analyzing heart rhythm. Shout Im
clear, youre clear, everybodys clear! Wave your arms to clear bystanders.
The clear must be visible and verbal. Do not touch the victim during the
analyzing phase.
Clear the victim when AED states shock advised. Shout Im clear, youre
clear, everybodys clear! Wave your arms to clear bystanders. The clear
must be visible and verbal. Do not touch the victim during the shock phase.
Press the shock button.
AED shocks the patient.
Start CPR beginning with compressions (AED operator begins compressions).
The AED voice will sound every 5 cycles of 30 compression/2 breaths (about 2
minutes).
Clear
the victim for
analyzing when the
AED
voice instructs you to
do so
(every 2 minutes).

AED Precautions:

Water: If victim is in water, remove from water and place on dry

surface, dry chest and make sure rescuer is not standing in water.
Medication Patches: Remove any medication patches and clean area
prior to applying AED pads.
Implantable devices: Keep AED pads one inch away from any
implantable devices such as a pacemaker, defibrillator or port.
Hairy Chest: If the victim has a hairy chest, the AED pads may stick to
the hair instead of the skin on the chest. If this happens the AED will
prompt you to check the pads and press down firmly on each pad. If
the AED continues to tell you to check the pads, quickly pull off the
pads to remove the hair. If a lot of hair remains where you will put the
pads, shave the area with a razor and apply a new set of pads.

CHOKING

UNIVERSAL SIGN OF CHOKING

STEPS TO PERFORM ABDOMINAL THRUSTS ON A RESPONSIVE ADULT

OR CHILD WHO IS STANDING

STEP 1. STAND OR KNEEL BEHIND THE VICTIM AND WRAP YOUR ARMS
AROUND THE VICTIMS WAIST

STEP 2. MAKE A FIST WITH ONE HAND

STEP 3. PLACE THE THUMB SIDE OF YOUR FIST AGAINST THE VICTIMS
ABDOMEN, IN THE MIDLINE SLIGHTLY ABOVE THE NAVEL AND WELL
BELOW THE BREASTBONES

STEP 4. GRASP YOUR FIST WITH YOUR OTHER HAND AND PRESS YOUR FIST
INTO THE VICTIMS ABDOMEN WITH A QUICK, FORCEFUL UPWARD THRUST.

STEP 5. REPEAT THRUSTS UNTIL THE OBJECT IS EXPELLED FROM THE

AIRWAY OR THE VICTIM BECOME UNRESPONSIVE.

STEP 6. GIVE EACH NEW THRUST WITH A

SEPARATE, DISTINCT MOVEMENT TO
RELIEVE THE OBSTRUCTION.

LOOK AROUND: A LITTLE ALERTNESS FROM YOUR SIDE

CAN SAVE SOMEONES LIFE. WHENEVER YOU SEE A PERSON
SHOWING SIGNS OF CHOCKING OR NEED IMMEDIATE
ATTENTION CALL 111 AND START WITH IMMEDIATE CPR
FOLLOWING THE ABOVE STEPS. YOUR IMMEDIATE
RESPONSE CAN SAVE A VALUABLE LIFE.