MAT0018C - Instructor

Lab Manual for MAT0018C
Instructors Manual
Table of Contents
Topic (Learning Outcomes)

Decimals & Percent I (MDECL7, 8)
Dont let the decimal point get lost!
Million Dollar Ransom
How much shade can you get from a box?
Decimal Review
Matching Triangles
Decimals & Percent II (MDECL17, 18)
Credit Card Headaches
Word Problems using Percentages
The Game of Life
Evaluating Expressions ( MDECL24, 25)
Pan Balance - Evaluating Expressions
Evaluating Expressions
Relay Race
Fractions (MDECL5, 6)
Where is that last piece of pie?
Fraction Puzzle
Building a divider for my room!
Fractions Review
Complex Fractions Review
Word problems using Fractions
Fractions To Go
Geometry (MDECL9, 19)
Find the sum of the interior angles of a triangle
Units of Measurement
Geometry Review
Unit Conversion Review
Graphing Inequalities (MDECL26)
Linear Inequalities
Inequalities Rummy/Matching Cards
Integers (MDECL4, 15, 16)
Yes, I know that I owe you $13
Where can I get an EASY button?
Theres magic in those squares!
Integer Review
Absolute Value Review
Integer Operation Fever
Linear Equations (MDECL20, 21)
The World Runs on Equations
Words to Math and Math to Words
Equation Review
Relay Race
Simplifying Expressions ( MDECL22, 23)
Do you speak the language of Mathematics
The cross-number polynomial puzzle
Polynomials Review
JEOPARDY!
Whole Numbers I (MDECL1, 2, 14)
Building a Practice Football Field
Type
Page
Activity
Activity
Activity
Review
Game
1
23
4
5
6
Activity
Review
Game
79
10
1113
Activity
Review
Game
1415
16
1718
Activity
Activity
Activity
Review
Review
Review
Game
1920
2122
2325
26
27
28
29
Activity
Activity
Review
Review
3031
32
33
33
Review
Game
3435
36
Activity
Activity
Activity
Review
Review
Game
3738
3940
41
42
43
44
Activity
Activity
Review
Game
4547
4849
50
5152
Activity
Activity
Review
Game
5354
55
56
74
Activity
5761
The Sieve of Eratosthenes

This Puzzle Wont Cross Me Up
Should I put on my shoes or socks first?
Getting the numbers in the right square!
Who is the Winner?!
Word problems using whole numbers
The 24 Game
Whole Numbers II (MDECL3, 10, 11, 12, 13)
Wheres the magic in a magic square?
Evaluating Exponential Expressions
Review Materials
JEOPARDY!
Clue
Final Exam Review Game
COMP ID
MATHEMATICS CATEGORY
Activity
Activity
Activity
Activity
Activity
Review
Game
62
63
6465
66
6769
70
71
Activity
Review
72
73
Game
Game
Game
7477
7881
8283
MATHEMATICS COMPETENCIES LOWER
MDECL1
Whole Numbers
Perform operations on whole numbers (with applications, including area and perimeter)
MDECL2
Whole Numbers
Perform order of operations including absolute values
MDECL3
Whole Numbers
Evaluate exponents with whole numbers
MDECL4
Integers
Perform operations with integers (with applications)
MDECL5
Fractions
Perform operations with fractions (with applications)
MDECL6
Fractions
Simplify fractions
MDECL7
Decimals & Percent
Perform operations with decimals (with applications)
MDECL8
Decimals & Percent
Convert among percent, fractions, and decimals
MDECL9
Geometry
MDECL10
Whole Numbers
Compare magnitude of real numbers
MDECL11
Whole Numbers
Classify sets of numbers
MDECL12
Whole Numbers
Identify and apply the properties of real numbers
MDECL13
Whole Numbers
Identify place value and round whole numbers
MDECL14
Whole Numbers
Write the prime factorization of a number
MDECL15
Integers
Evaluate exponents with integers
MDECL16
Integers
Evaluate absolute value expressions
MDECL17
Decimals
Identify place value and round decimals
MDECL18
Decimals & Percent
Solve application problems involving geometry (circumference of circle, perimeter of polygons, area of a
triangle, parallelograms, circle)
Solve percent equations with applications
MDECL19
Geometry
MDECL20
PreAlgebra
Convert units of measurement within same measurement system

Set up and solve ratios and proportions with simple algebraic expressions
MDECL21
PreAlgebra
Solve linear equations involving the addition and multiplication property of equalities
MDECL22
PreAlgebra
Define variables and write an expression to represent a quantity in a problem
MDECL23
PreAlgebra
Simplify algebraic expressions involving one variable (2x + 5x)
MDECL24
PreAlgebra
Evaluate algebraic expressions (e.g., find value of 3x when x=2)
MDECL25
PreAlgebra
Solve formulas with given values
MDECL26
PreAlgebra
Graph an inequality on a number line
Instructor's Key
Decimals
Don't let the decimal point get lost!!!

1
10
12
14
16
9
1
3
5
5
9
6
2
3
6
1
2
7
5
4
8
3
4
11
13
27
29
31
4
5
23
9
6
24
.
8
3
8
25
2
6
1
26
28
30
32
8
3
1
9
15
18
1
9
0
17
22
7
8
8
5
9
.
1
7
5
7
20
1
1
5
7
4
1
5
.
19
8
4
21
4
6
2
Note: Each decimal point is in a box by itself.
Valencia College
MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual
Instructors Key:
Finding the volume of a rectangular solid.
Million Dollar Ransom

Tiger Woods was unfortunately kidnapped by an unknown gang that calls
itself "The 3-Putt Crew". Nike received a ransom note that demanded one
million dollars in $20 bills for his safe release. When the representatives
from Nike showed up at the "drop zone" with a single briefcase, the
kidnapper turned and ran. Nike got another phone call for a second drop and
this time they had better not mess anything up or else. They also received a
Tiger club head cover with "X's" over the eyes. Why did the kidnappers run
the first time? Did they know something that the representatives from Nike
did not? Let us examine a few things.
The key question that must be examined is can you stuff one million dollars
in $20's into the typical briefcase? It is always done in movies that way, so
lets see.
1. We must first figure out the volume of a $20 bill. Measure the length and width of a
$20 bill in inches (nearest eighth of an inch).
a. Hint: All bills are the same size!
1
5
6 "2 "
8
8
2. The thickness of a dollar bill is harder to measure. Using a micrometer or caliper
would be a good way. Can you think of any others? Using a micrometer, the
thickness was measured to be 0.0045 inches. Convert the decimal into a fraction.
Measure the height of 100 bills stacked together and then divide this value by
100.
0.0045 = 92000
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3.
The volume of a rectangular solid is given by:
Volume Length Width Height

Calculate the volume of a single bill (include units).
6
4.
1
8
9
49 21
8 8 2000
5
8
9
2000
9261
cubic inches
128000
How many $20 bills are in one million dollars?
5.
6.
7.
50,000
the volume of a single bill is known, and the number of $20 bills in one million
If
dollars
is known, then find the total volume of all the bills (include units).
9261 50000
37
3617 cubic inches

128000
1
64
Would
this fit in the typical attach case that measures 5" x 18" x 14"? Find the
volume of the attach case to compare.
Volume of attach is 1260 cubic inches. No, the money would

not fit in one attach case.
How many attach cases would it take for Nike to deliver the money as
requested?
3 attach cases
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Instructors Key:
Area using decimals
How much shade can you get from a box?

Find the area (including appropriate units) of each shaded region.
53.29 in2
1. Area = ____________________
7.3 inch square
128.74 cm
2. Area = ______________________
8.2 cm
15.7 cm
2
83.465 ft
3. Area = ____________________
257.58 cm
4. Area = ______________________
7.4 feet
4.4 feet
10.5 feet
15.9 cm
11.05 feet
8.2 cm
2
201.376 in
5. Area = ____________________
12.1 cm
167 cm
6. Area = ______________________
Base of 7 cm
13.23 inches 19 cm
12 cm
10.64 inches
8.9 inches
18.8 inches
22 cm
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Decimal Review
Answers:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
5.7
6.13
55.81
4.4
8.92
40.39
5.236
8.95
69.73
61.6
15.54
29.55
104.07
8.468
33.76
149.89
126.0958
134.01
780.74
3.88
190.95
9.29
8.864
26.767
0.902
25.2
43.105
608.2
5.535
6.25
2.31
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32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
65.901
116.395
0.312
26.712
18.66
6.82
47.38
3.4716
15.867
14.72
4.374
17.388
1.215
0.1394
81.51
0.0327
50.82
209.3356
36.8344
253.38
0.00832
0.23
0.0072
220.42
5.95
39.68
1.728
39.9
228.9
104.12
1587.03
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
10.34
20.847
93.405
9340.5
26470
1.2114
28
50
3.005
305
4006
180
37.576
0.006
5000.05
250
10.0101
359000
1.354
68.36
15.5
5.679
82.954
20.68
0.544
0.03
16.39
17.376
1550
Instructor Information Sheet

Fraction to Percentage and Percentage to Fraction
Matching Triangles Game!

Material needed:
8 sets of Percentage Fraction Triangles.

Each set has 24 tiles.
Classroom setup:
Groups of 3 or 4 students.
Each group will get a set of Triangles
Rules of the game:
Each group tries to put down tiles that have matching values
on sides that touch. Fraction-to-fraction or percent-topercent matches are not acceptable.
Scoring:
30 points
80 points
120 points
Winners:
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60 points
180 points
Group with the highest score.

Suggest to a group that they can try to better their score by
starting again, if time is available.
Instructors Key:
Decimals, Percent
Credit Card Headaches

Part I.
You have just received a credit card bill. This is what the first page shows:
CREDIT CARD STATEMENT
ACCOUNT NUMBER:
1234-567-891
NAME:
JOHN DOE
STATEMENT DATE:
2/13/20XX
PAYMENT DUE DATE:

3/09/20XX
CREDIT LINE:
$2500.00
CREDIT AVAILABLE:
$546.00
NEW BALANCE:
$1954.00
MINIMUM PAYMENT DUE:

$58.62
INTEREST APR %
24%
MINIMUM BANK PRINCIPAL PAYMENT %

1%
Using the information from above, you will be asked to go through two different scenarios. Determine
the correct answers for each scenario.
Scenario 1: Pay the whole amount by the due date.
Month
1
Payment made ($)

$1954.00
Interest paid ($)

$0
Principal Paid($)
$1954.00
Balance payment($)
$0
Scenario 2: Pay the minimum amount.

The payments are calculated as follows:
To calculate the interest paid, take the APR (Annual Percentage Rate) and divide by 12 (months in
a year) to find the interest charged each month. Interest per month:
2
______%
Multiply the beginning balance of each month by this interest rate to obtain the interest amount.
To calculate the Principal to pay, multiply the balance by the 1% set by the bank.
The minimum payment is found by adding these two amounts. (interest paid + principal paid)
To determine the new balance after a payment has been made, subtract the Principal Paid from the
previous balance.
Calculate the first 5 payments. Partial information has been provided for payments 3, 4, and 5.
Month
1
2
3
4
5
Payment made ($)

$58.62
$58.03
$57.45
$56.88
$56.31
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Interest paid ($)

$39.08
$38.69
$38.30
$37.92
$37.54
Principal Paid($)
$19.54
$19.34
$19.15
$18.96
$18.77
Balance payment($)
$1934.46
$1915.12
$1895.97
$1877.01
$1858.24
7
Complete the table showing balance information regarding your bill after 5 months:
Number of months
Total amount paid
Amount balance is reduced by
Interest paid
$287.29
$95.76
$191.53
Part II.
You have a different credit card bill which reads:
CREDIT CARD STATEMENT
ACCOUNT NUMBER:
1234-567-891
NAME:
JOHN DOE
STATEMENT DATE:
6/15/20XX
PAYMENT DUE DATE:

7/08/20XX
CREDIT LINE:
$2500.00
CREDIT AVAILABLE:
$1138.00
NEW BALANCE:
$1362.00
MINIMUM PAYMENT DUE:

$40.86
INTEREST APR %
24%
MINIMUM BANK PRINCIPAL PAYMENT %

1%
You decide to pay $500 for the first month and 30% of the bill each month thereafter, but never paying
less than $250 per month until the bill is paid. Be sure to calculate interest in the final months
payment.
Complete the table:
Month Payment made ($)
1
$500.00
2
$266.77
3
$250.00
4
$250.00
5
$164.34
Interest paid ($)

$27.24
$17.78
$12.81
$8.06
$3.22
Principal Paid($) Balance payment($)

$472.76
$889.24
$248.99
$640.25
$237.19
$403.06
$241.94
$161.12
$161.12
$0
Number of months
Total interest paid
Total amount you paid
$69.11
$1431.11
Go to the website: www.bankrate.com . Click on Credit Cards. Under Credit Card Calculators, click
on The true cost of paying minimum. The credit card calculator should appear.
Go back to the first bill used in Scenarios 1 & 2. Enter the charged amount, APR, and check minimum
payments. Fill in the table for this credit card bill.
Number of months
Total interest paid
Total amount paid
192
$3240.09
$5194.09
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Using the website, complete the table below:

Credit card balance
APR
Number of months
Total interest paid
Total amount paid
$354.97
18%
30
$86.77
$441.74
$5385.10
22%
289
$9232.49
$14,617.59
$146.32
19%
11
$13.89
$160.21
$1970.90
21%
187
$2823.81
$4794.71
From the data collected, what conclusions can you draw concerning credit card payments?
The best option is to pay in full each month. The worst option is to pay minimum payments ever!
However, if you can be disciplined with making reasonable payments, and you need to
make a purchase that you cannot afford to pay in full, the credit card option may not be too expensive
and yet convenient.
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Word Problems using Percentages!!!

Answers:
1.
8% of $56 is $4.48.
2.
0.5% of $2080 is $10.40.
3.
160% of $40 is $64.
4.
With tax included the jacket would cost $47.70.
5.
The tax on the washing machine will be $18.24.
6.
The room at Disney including tax will be $145.80.
7.
The total bill with tip included will be $43.56.
8.
Your commission for selling the home will be $13,280.
9.
The mortgage company will loan you $31,250.
10. The reduced price of the lawn mower will be $435.50.

11. The final cost of the item will be $10.49.
12. The percentage of decrease will be 31.25%.
13. The percentage of increase will be 175%.
14. Your interest for the 3 years will be $345.
15. Your interest for the 6 months will be $4691.25.
16. You will have to pay $68 per month.
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10
The Game of Life

Directions:
Set up stations before students arrive. All Students must start at Station 1. Then students may choose to
go to any of Stations #2-5. (Not Station #6) After each station, students must get lab instructor to initial
their team paper. (All students must complete their own papers, but only one team paper must be
initialed at each station.)
Once all of the stations have been completed, students will fill in the tally sheet at the end. They may
use a calculator for this part of the game only. The highest score wins!
Station #1 Calculate your Salary
Materials Needed: (1) Die
Team representative rolls the die and records value. Students return to desks to complete salary calculations.
Station #2 Interest Problem and Percent Problem
Materials Needed: (1) Die , 6 Picture Cards
Cards with pictures of houses are spread out.
Station #3 Distance Problem and Practice Multiplication with two digit number
Materials Needed: 6 Baby Photo Cards with information on back, (1) Die
Roll die to select baby.
Station # 4: Percent Problem
Materials Needed: Tax Bracket Chart
Calculate the income tax you will pay each year.
Station #5: Interest Problem with Deposit
Roll Die. Choose card and record interest rate.
Station #6 Percent of Increase Problem
Team Representative rolls die and records number.
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11
WORKSHEET SOLUTIONS
Station 1
Die Roll
Annual Salary
Monthly Salary
36000
$3,000.00
46000
$3,833.33
56000
$4,666.67
66000
$5,500.00
76000
$6,333.33
86000
$7,166.67
Station 2
Price
282000
400000
120000
210000
140000
230000
House 1
House 2
House 3
House 4
House 5
House 6
Down Payment
56400
80000
24000
42000
28000
46000
Loan
225600
320000
96000
168000
112000
184000
Monthly Salary
Recommended Monthly
Payment @28%
$3,000.00
$840.00
$3,833.33
$1,073.33
$4,666.67
$1,306.67
$5,500.00
$1,540.00
$6,333.33
$1,773.33
$7,166.67
$2,006.67
Salary 1
-$350.67
-$848.89
$333.33
-$46.67
$248.89
-$131.11
House 1
House 2
House 3
House 4
House 5
House 6
Salary 2
-$117.34
-$615.56
$566.66
$186.66
$482.22
$102.22
Salary 3
$116.00
-$382.22
$800.00
$420.00
$715.56
$335.56
Interest
203040
288000
86400
151200
100800
165600
Salary 4
$349.33
-$148.89
$1,033.33
$653.33
$948.89
$568.89
Salary 5
$582.66
$84.44
$1,266.66
$886.66
$1,182.22
$802.22
Monthly Payment
1190.67
1688.89
506.67
886.67
591.11
971.11
Salary 6
$816.00
$317.78
$1,500.00
$1,120.00
$1,415.56
$1,035.56
Station 3
Roll of Die
Distance
1
2
3
4
5
Hours
390
325
520
975
975
6
5
8
15
15
Yearly cost of raising a child = $12355.56
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12
Station 4
Annual Salary $
36000
46000
56000
66000
76000
86000
Tax Bracket %
Taxes
15
15
15
15
25
25
$5,400.00
$6,900.00
$8,400.00
$9,900.00
$11,400.00
$12,900.00
After Tax Salary

$30,600.00
$39,100.00
$47,600.00
$56,100.00
$64,600.00
$73,100.00
Station 5
Die Number
Investment
(Monthly
Salary)
$3,000.00
$12.00
$13.50
$150.00
$180.00
$945.00
$1,080.00
$3,833.33
$15.33
$17.25
$191.67
$230.00
$1,207.50
$1,380.00
$4,666.67
$18.67
$21.00
$233.33
$280.00
$1,470.00
$1,680.00
$5,500.00
$22.00
$24.75
$275.00
$330.00
$1,732.50
$1,980.00
$6,333.33
$25.33
$28.50
$316.67
$380.00
$1,995.00
$2,280.00
$7,166.67
$28.67
$32.25
$358.33
$430.00
$2,257.50
$2,580.00
Station 6
Die Number
Old
House
Price
282000
-75
-50
-26
-1
24
49
400000
-83
-65
-48
-30
-13
120000
-42
17
75
133
192
250
210000
-67
-33
33
67
100
140000
-50
50
100
150
200
230000
-70
-39
-9
22
52
83
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13
Instructors Key:
Evaluating Expressions Following the Standard Order of Operations

Using your favorite internet browser, go to http://illuminations.nctm.org/ActivityDetail.aspx?ID=26.
Alternatively, perform a search for the following terms: illumination pan balance numbers. It should
be the first option.
Instructions
The applet on the site should show a pan balance where you will input expressions. Your goal for the
activity is to determine the appropriate steps that you should take to correctly evaluate the following
numerical expressions.
Try it out:
Evaluate: 2(5) 2 + 9
a) Type (or click) the expression into the left pan balance. Above the balance, the value of the
expression should be shown. The value is 59. (Press the x2 key for the exponent)
b) Following the order of operations, the first part of the expression that should be evaluated is
the (5) 2 , and that is 25. So, now type (or click) 2(25) + 9 into the right pan balance. The
two pans should be balanced, and the correct balanced equation will be shown in the table
to the right of the balance.
c) Following the order of operations, the next part of the expression that should be evaluated is
the 2(25) , and that is 50. So, now type 50 + 9 into the right pan balance. The two pans
should again be balanced, and (again) the correct balanced equation will be shown in the
table to the right of the balance.
d) Finally, we can add the terms, giving the expressions value as 59. Type 59 into the right
pan balance. Again, the pans will balance, and the balanced equation will be shown in the
table on the right.
Your written work for this example would be the three balanced equations that are shown in the
table to the right of the pan balance.
Written work for the example:
2(5) 2 +=
9 2(25) + 9
= 50 + 9
= 59
How do I know I am doing it correctly?
Take the previous example: 2(5) 2 + 9 . If we go against the accepted order of operations and multiply
the 2(5) before evaluating the exponent, then we would input (10) 2 + 9 . Type (or press) that
expression into the right pan. You should notice that the pans do not balance and that nothing is added
to the table.
When you are ready for a new exercise, press Reset Balance and Reset Table.
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14
Evaluate the following expressions using a similar procedure as shown above. Note that you will
be graded for the procedure, not for the numerical answer.
A.
3(5 + 2) 2 12
B.
40
135
C.
4 + 2(8 5)3 7
F. 8 + 2 5 42 8
28
102
G. 52 + 4(7 2) + 3
H. (42 9) + 6(3 + 4)
48
I.
(26 2) + (7 6)3 + 52
49
J. 3(6 + 22 ) 15 + 5
39
K. 13 62 (26 23 ) + 9
143
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4 3 + 62
(type as (4*3 + 62 ) / (23 + 4) )
3
2 +4
D.
51
E. 3(5) 2 + 4(5) + 7
24 2 3 6 + 10
L.
20 + (8)(5)
23 + 2 2
5
15
Evaluating Expressions Review

Evaluate for x =
4, y =
2, z =
1
Answers:
1)
10
10)
19)
64
2)
11)
38
20)
24
3)
31
12)
97
21)
23
4)
40
13)
48
22)
14
5)
14)
23)
127
6)
15)
24)
17
7)
24
16)
12
25)
35
8)
78
17)
12
26)
140
9)
19
18)
127
27)
32
Valencia College
16
Instructors Information Sheet
Math Relay
Instructions
1. Divide students into groups of four.
2. In each team, the four team members must be seated in order from front to back,
(i.e. student 2 behind student 1, etc.)
3. Student 1 performs the predetermined math function and writes the answers on
their answer sheet.
4. When they have the answer on their sheet, student 1 then hands their sheet to the
person behind them.
5. The next student (student 2) repeats the process, until the final member of the
group completes their question.
6. The fourth member of the group then raises their hand and waits for the lab
instructor to check the groups work.
7. If the answers are correct, the team gets a point. If the answers are incorrect, the
team starts from the beginning and repeats the race again. (Note to instructor: do
not tell the group which of their answers is incorrect)
8. At the end of the round, the team with the most points is declared the winner.
Valencia College
17
Team Answer Sheet Math Relay

Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
80
135
21
72
14
195
20
159
12
Student #1
Student #2
Student #3
Student #4
Valencia College
18
Instructors Key:
Fractions
Where is that last piece of pie?

On Saturday morning Sonjas mom made one apple pie, one banana pie, one cherry pie,
and one pumpkin pie. These are to be dessert at the slumber party for Sonja and 9 of
her friends that evening. As the pies cooled her mother cut each of them into 6 equal
pieces. After dinner Sonja asked each friend what type of pie she would like.
4 of the girls wanted apple pie (one of the girls was Sonja).
3 of the girls wanted pumpkin pie.
2 of the girls wanted cherry pie.
1 of the girls wanted banana pie.
All fractions must be in lowest terms and proper!

Types of pies Number of
pieces eaten?
(Info above)
Apple
Pumpkin
Cherry
Banana
Pie totals
10 pieces
Valencia College
What fraction
of pie was
eaten?
Number of
pieces left over?
2
3
1
2
1
3
1
6
2
3
2
3
4
5
14
What fraction
of pie was left?
1
3
1
2
2
3
5
6
1
3
19
Sonjas big brother and a few of his friends came home after a football game that
evening and pigged out on half of the remaining desserts.
How many pieces of pie are now left?
What is the total of pies now left in the refrigerator (mixed number)?
The following weekend Sonja and her mom were going to bake some
more pies for a bake sale. They were to make 2 cherry pies and 3 apple
pies. After her mom found the recipe, they sat down together to make a
list of how much of each ingredient they would need.
Fill in the required ingredients for the following:

Ingredients
Amount of each
ingredient for
one (1) pie
1
cups
4
Amount needed Amount needed

for 2 cherry pies for 3 apple pies
1
2
1
1
2
Flour
Sugar
3
cup
4
Milk
1
cups
2
Apples/Cherries
2
cups
3
Eggs
Vanilla
1
teaspoon
3
1
3
4
2
3
Cinnamon
1
teaspoon
2
Valencia College
3
7
3
4
1
2
4
1
4
2
11
6
1
1
2
Total needed
for all 5 pies
1
4
3
3
4
1
7
2
1
18
3
10
2
1
3
1
2
2
11
20
Instructors Key:
Attach your neat work
sheet for full credit.
Fraction Puzzle
Work out the following fraction problems. On the next page is a letter key that you will use to decode
the message. Match up the letter with its answer on this page with that same answer on the second
page. Remember, all your fractional answers must be reduced, but when matching them they may be
written as improper fractions or as mixed numbers. Have fun!
=1
1
13
or
12
12
L. 2 3
=1
1
3
or
2
2
N.
7 2 1

10 5 2
7
=
8
T.
3 7 1
+
10 3 2
=1
3 5
A. 1
4 8
1
9
= 1 or
8
8
S.
1 3
2 4
2
7
Q. 3 1
5 10
7
17
= 1 or
10
10
R.
1 1 1
+ +
2 3 4
2
3
3
D.
2 4
7 5 3

5 6 4
B.
3
5
U. 1 2
H.
1
2
3 7
7 3
16
25
= 1
19
40
or
21
21
4
5
1
3
C. 2 + 2
2
4
3
Y.
2 3 5

3 4 6
2
3
13
20
O. 1 1
3 1 3
+
2 5 4
19
20
F.
1
3
Valencia College
=2
2
8
or
3
3
4
5
5
3
12 20
2 1
+
I. 3 2
5 1
6 3
1
4
= 1
4 6
+
3 7
W. 5 2
1
5
1
6
or
5
5
M.
1
2
E. +
2 5
P.
21
25
10
21
11
12
= 3
1
5
or
4
4
7
52
or
15
15
4
15
=2
1
7
or
3
3
21
Albert Einstein said this about work ethic, math, and the world...
T ____
H ____
E
____
1
1
5
40
21
B ____
I ____
T ___
T ____
E ____
R
____
13
20
7
8
T ____
H ____
E
____
6
5
1
5
6
5
13
20
13
12
S ____
W ____
E ____
E ____
T
____
13
20
40
21
7
3
1
4
13
20
8
3
13
20
F ____
R ____
O ____
M
____
4
15
1
12
52
15
7
15
16
25
6
5
1
4
1
5
3
2
1
5
5
4
52
15
10
21
13
20
T ____
H ____
E
____
10
21
7
3
9
8
C ____
O ____
M ____
E
____
1
5
19
21
13
20
1
2
13
20
T ____
H ____
E
, ____
O ____
U ____
T ____
S ____
I ____
D ____
E
____
3
A ____
N ____
D
____
6
5
13
20
19
21
H ____
A ____
R ____
D ____
F ____
R ____
O ____
M ____
W ____
I ____
T ____
H ____
I ____
N
____
40
21
1
8
13
12
4
15
3
2
F ____
R ____
O ____
M
____
4
15
13
12
7
15
10
21
7 10
1
3
15 21
12
2
3
'
O ____
N ____
E ____
S
____
52
15
1
5
13
20
Valencia College
4
15
4
15
52
15
13
12
6
5
40
21
7
3
1
5
O ____
W ____
N
____
1
4
____
E ____
F ____
F ____
O ____
R ____
T ____
S
13
20
6
5
1
3
52
15
8
3
1
5
1
4
22
Instructors Key:
Fractions, Money, Perimeter, Area
Building a divider for my room

Before you head over to Home Depot for some lumber and nails to build your divider, it
is important that we make a drawing with appropriate sizes.
1
4
1
2
Actual size of a 2x4 board is 1 x 3 inches.
Each board, as seen in the drawing below, has a width of 1
1
inches.
4
16 inches (Measurement from the beginning of one stud to beginning of next one.)
More studs go in this area!!!
Vertical stud
Note: You are looking at the edge

of the 2x4s (1 1/ 4 inches).
90 1/ 4 inches
Fire blocks
16 feet
1. How long should we cut each of the vertical studs?
2. How much will we cut off of an 8-foot board to get this length?
3. How many vertical studs should we cut to build this wall?
Suggestion: Draw a sketch of your wall with studs.

Valencia College
87 inches
4
__________
1
8 inches
__________
4
13
__________
23
4. We will need to put in fire blocks between the vertical studs.

What length should we cut these fire blocks?
5. How many of the fire blocks will we need to cut?
14 inches
4
__________
12
__________
177 inches
6. How many total inches of lumber do we need for the fire blocks? __________
3
14 feet
7. How many feet of lumber will be needed to make the fire blocks? __________
4
Costs of 2x4 boards:
8 foot:
16 foot:
$1.93
$4.36
8. Considering the costs would you buy 8 or 16 boards for fire blocks?
Why?
Because 2 8 footers are cheaper than 1 16 footer
_____
8
foot
9. What is the total number of 8-foot boards needed to build this wall?
15
_____
10. How many 16-foot boards are needed to build this wall?
11. How much will all the lumber cost for this wall?
2
__________
$37.67
__________
Now we need to cover one side with drywall. We buy drywall in sheets that are
4 feet wide and 8 feet long and cost $5.48 each.
12. How many sheets of drywall will we need?
13. How much will all of the drywall cost?
Valencia College
4
__________
$21.92
__________
24
Now that we have our drywall nailed to the wall we need to paint it. In order to find the
amount of paint needed we will have to find the area of the wall. Each quart of paint
will cover 50 square feet of wall and costs $6.35.
14. What is the area of our wall using inches (include units)?
15. How many square inches are there in a square foot?
16. Convert the area of our wall to square feet (include units)?
17. How many quarts of paint will we need for our wall?
18. How much will we pay for the paint?
17328 sq. in
__________
144
__________
1
120 sq. ft
__________
3
3
__________
$19.05
__________
Our last job will be to put a border around the edge of the wall. Border material as
shown in the example comes in 25 feet rolls at a cost of $17.40 each.
19. How many rolls of border material will we need for our wall?
20. How much will we have to pay for the border material?
2
__________
$34.80
__________
If you total up all the costs for the wall, it should be $113.44.
If you did not get the same total, check your work or get assistance.
Valencia College
25
Fraction Review
Answers:
1.
21
32
13.
1
15
26.
4
7
38.
19
18
50.
5
21
2.
6
35
14.
2
25
27.
7
9
39.
19
20
51.
7
10
3.
4
45
15.
5
36
28.
9
8
40.
25
24
52.
1
2
4.
21
40
16.
8
15
29.
10
11
41.
1
5
53.
11
18
5.
10
21
17.
5
6
30.
12
7
42.
5
9
54.
1
20
6.
5
8
18.
15
16
31.
13
12
43.
1
3
55.
17
21
7.
10
21
19.
16
5
32.
16
15
44.
2
3
56.
1
30
8.
4
9
20.
16
49
33.
13
14
45.
1
4
57. 1
7
15
21.
1
2
34.
49
30
46.
9
20
22. 2
35.
17
21
47.
11.
2
3
9
24.
16
36.
3
2
48.
8
21
12.
3
5
3
25.
2
37.
13
10
49.
2
15
9.
10.
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23. 1
1
12
1
10
58.
5
8
59.
1
3
60.
1
10
26
Complex Fraction Review

Answers
45 18x
5x
1.
3
2
6.
16 x
35
11.
2.
55
54
7.
19 y
21
12.
3.
8.
31
42
4.
7 y 42
15
5.
5x
6
Valencia College
9. 2
10.
23
34
1
3
13.
27
15x 20
14.
3
5
15.
x
6
27
Word Problems using Fractions!!!

Answers:
1.
After I cut a pizza into 8 equal pieces, I ate 5 of them.
2.
Having picked up 2 pizzas I cut each of them into 5 equal pieces. I fed 8 of
the pieces to my kids.
3.
There are 290 votes needed to meet this requirement.
4.
The height of the last rebound is 2 inches.
5.
The area of the earths surface that is covered by water is 150 million square
miles.
6.
The runner would have to complete 104 laps.
7.
The technician can cut 56 slices from the rod.
8.
The amount of space that is lost is 1 5/12 inches.
9.
The order of wrenches from smallest to largest is: 5/32, 3/16, 1/4, 3/8 .
10. The difference in horsepower is 1/6 horsepower.

11. No, the truck could not haul this load to the site in one trip.
12. She will have to collect 150 signatures to make $60 a day.
Valencia College
28
Adding and multiplying fractions
Fractions To Go!
Material needed:
Fraction dice (numerators are not all the same).
Classroom setup:
Groups of 4 students (3 if necessary).

Divided into 2 teams.
Procedure to start:
Each group will be given 3 dice.

*To increase difficulty of game, use 4 dice*
Rules of the game:
All answers MUST be reduced. One team will roll the dice.
If the 1 value comes up, then roll that die again. This team
will now add and also multiply all the values on the dice with
a time limit of 2 minutes. The opposing team will then have 1
minute to find an error in the answers.
Scoring:
If no error can be found then the first team is awarded a point.

If the opposing team finds an error in the work, they will be
awarded the one point.
Continuation:
The second team will now get a chance to receive a point by

the same rules that the first group had. Each group will rotate
as to who rolls the dice and tries to win more points.
Winners:
Group with most points.
Valencia College
29
Instructors Key:
Geometric Proof and Discovery
Finding the sum of the interior angles of a triangle.
B
A
If you add all of the angles together, what number will you get? _________
180
5. The sum of the interior angles of ANY triangle is _______.

180
6. Mathematically find the measurements of the unknown (?? ) angles below.
Write your answers next to the ??.
34
92
65
23
67
79
47
22
38
116
Valencia College
42
95
30
7. Now that you know the total measure of all the interior angles of any triangle, use this
knowledge to set up and solve the following algebra problem. Algebraically find the
measure of each angle in the picture below.
(3x)
(x +15)
Hint: Add the expressions for the 3 given angles and set them equal to the sum of the
interior angles for a triangle. Solve for x.
(3x) + (x + 15) + x = 180
5x + 15 = 180
x = 33
8. The value of each of the 3 angles is: _______

_______
_______
33
48
99
equal
9. The angles in an equilateral triangle are always ____________.
Therefore the value
of each of the three (3) angles is ________.
60
10. Algebraically find the value of the angles of the following triangle:
(2x + 5)
(5x)
(7x + 35)
Hint: Add the expressions for the 3 given angles and set them equal to the sum of the
interior angles for a triangle. Solve for x.
(2x + 5) + (7x + 35) + 5x = 180
14x + 40 = 180
x = 10
25
11. The value of each of the 3 angles is: _______
Valencia College
50
_______
105
_______
31
Units of Measurement
Instructors Directions:
1. The class will be divided into groups of 2 to 4, depending on attendance.
2. The lab instructor will hand out a packet of wooden dowels, post-it notes, rulers, and a template
of the 4 shapes to each group.
3. Upon completion of the lab, each group will turn in one paper.
Objectives:
Learn the kinds of units used to express length/distance (linear units)
Real-World: Answer questions like "How much fencing do I need?"
Learn the kinds of units used to express area (square units)
Real-World: Answer questions like "How much carpet do I need?"
Definitions:
Perimeter The total distance around an object.
Area - A measure of the amount of surface enclosed by the perimeter.
Measurements:
The length of one wooden dowel is "1 linear unit" (it is shaped like a line) or just "1 unit." This is a
measure of distance. To measure area, we must create a surface. Let's say that a square with a length
of 1 unit and a width of 1 unit has an area of "1 square unit." Notice that each post-it is a square and
has an area of 1 square unit.
Instructions:
Place the wooden dowels around shape A to measure its perimeter. Write its perimeter (including the
correct units) in the left side of the table below. Place post-its inside shape A to measure its area.
Each time you use a post-it, label it "one square unit" with large letters so that it fills the whole surface
of the post-it. If you use only a portion of the post-it note, label it accordingly. Write its area (including
the correct units) in the left side of the table below. Repeat this for shapes B, C, and D. Complete only
the first two columns for now.
Shape
Write Answers in Terms of "Units"

Perimeter
Area
Write Answers in Terms of "Inches"

Perimeter
Area
10
30 in.
45 sq. in.
12 in.
9 sq.in.
24 in.
27 sq. in.
2 1/2
21 in.
22 sq. in.
Now convert the "units" into "inches", completing the last two columns of the above table. Using a
ruler, measure the length of the wooden dowel and then enter the new Perimeter measurements in
inches. Now measure the dimensions of the post-it note. Mark each square inch, and forming a grid on
the post-it note. Enter the new measurements for area using square inches. Lastly, use a ruler to
measure the shapes and verify the measurements you have calculated.
Valencia College
32
Geometry Review & Unit Conversion Review

Answers: (Geometry)
1. P = 44 in.
A = 121 sq. in.
Answers: (Unit Conversion)

1. 500000 cm
2. 13500 sq. feet
2. P =44 dm
A = 90 sq. dm
3. P = 44 ft.
A = 117 sq. ft.
4. C = 12 cm
A = 36 sq. cm.
5. P = 52
A = 112
6. P = 62
A = 148
7. V = 160 cubic meters
3. 120 pints
4. 238 pounds (lbs.)
5. 10 quarts
6. 2.2 short tons
7. 120 feet
8. 6 fl. ounces
9. 45760 yards
10. 145 sq. yards
8. V = 62.4 cubic inches

9. A = 20
10.A = 33
11.A = 49
12.A = 152
3
13. A = (49) sq. meters
4
14.A= 184 sq. meters
Valencia College
33
Linear Inequalities Review

Solve and graph
1)
x 2
(, 2]
2)
5 x
(5, )
3)
x 1
[1, )
4)
3 x 1
5)
x 12
6)
4 x 2
7)
x is greater than 7
8)
x is less than or equal to 6
9)
5 is greater than or equal to x
[3, 1)
(12, )
(4, 2]
x>7
(7, )
x 6
(, 6]
5 x
(, 5]
Valencia College
34
10)
x 3< 4
11)
3x 6
x2
12)
3 x 12
x 4
13)
x+5 > 7
x>2
14)
4 x + 3 11 x 2 [2, )
15)
2( x + 3) + 5 3 x 4
16)
4 x + 12 < 2 x 8
17)
3 less than 5 times a number is less than or

equal to 12.
5x 3 12 x 3 (, 3]
18)
4 times a number minus 10 is greater than

or equal to 6 plus 5.
x 9/4 [9/4, )
Valencia College
x<7
(7, )
[2, )
[4, )
(2, )
x 3
x < 10
[3, )
(, 10)
35
Linear Inequalities
Inequalities Rummy
Material needed:
Inequalities Rummy deck (45 cards)
Classroom setup:
Groups of 4 students (3 if necessary).
How to play:
Choose a dealer. The dealer shuffles the deck of inequalities

cards, deals 5 cards to each player, and then turns one card
face up to create a discard pile. The person to the right of the
dealer begins play by either picking the top card on the discard
pile or drawing from the deck. The player chooses the card
based on any matches that may be in their hand. If the player
is able to make a match of 3 cards (linear inequality, line
graph, word phrase), they lay these cards out before the other
players. The other players will then check to see if the matches
are correct. The player then discards a card from his/her hand
onto the discard pile. Play proceeds to the next player to the
right.
Winner:
The game ends when a player is able to lay down all the cards
in his/her hand or the draw deck is depleted, in which case, the
winner is the person with the most matches.
Valencia College
36
Instructors Key:
Addition of Integers
DO NOT USE A CALCULATOR!!!
Yes, I know that I owe you $13.

Adding positive and/or negative numbers is the same as combining
how much money you have or owe.
Positive is money you have
Negative is money you owe

Fill in the empty boxes:
Math problem
1.
5 + (2)
2.
6 + (7)
3.
3 + (5)
4.
4 + 9
5.
5+6
6.
7 + (6)
7.
10 + (2)
8.
12 + 7
9.
6 + (1)
10. 8 + (4)
11. 10 + 6
12. 14 + (9)
13. 5 + (8)
Valencia College
Meaning of problem
Combined
Have $5 and Owe $2
Have $3
Have $6 and Owe $7
Owe $1
Owe $3 and also Owe $5 Owe $8
Owe $4 and Have $9
Have $5
Have $5 and also Have $6 Have $11
Owe $7 and also Owe $6 Owe $13
Have $10 and Owe $2
Have $8
Owe $12 and Have $7
Owe $5
Have $6 and Owe $1
Have $5
Owe $8 and also Owe $4
Owe $12
Value
3
1
8
5
11
13
8
5
5
12
Owe $10 and Have $6
Owe $4
Have $14 and Owe $9
Have $5
Owe $5 and also Owe $8
Owe $13
13
37
Work the following addition problems (combine what you have and/or owe):
14. 7 + (3) = 4
21. 14 + (12) = 2
28. 50 + (21) = 29
15. 5 + (2) = 7 22. (20) + 7 = 13
29. 33 + (45) = 78
16. 12 + 9 = 3 23. 15 + (23) = 38
30. 74 + 49 = 123
17. 11 + 8 = 19
24. 26 + 14 = 40
31. 86 + 100 = 14
18. 9 + (6) = 15 25. 19 + (29) = 10
32. 32 + (75) = 107
19. 7 + (11) = 4 26. 35 + (8) = 43
33. 105 + (37) = 68
20. 8 + 13 = 5
27. 30 + (12) = 18
34. 92 + 54 = 38
Column #1 total = 1
Column #2 total = 44
Column #3 total = 11
If you did not get these totals, then recheck your work or get assistance!
Now lets look at an addition problem with more than 2 numbers:
7 + (6) + (3) +
+ (8) +
(2) =
? Have $2
Have $7 & Owe $6 & Owe $3 & Have $5 & Owe $8 & Have $9 & Owe $2 equals what?
Because addition has a commutative property (it allows a change in the order of an
addition problem), then an EASIER method of working this problem would be to find
the total you have and the total you owe. Then combine these two values.
Rewritten: 7 + 5 + 9 + (6) + (3) + (8) + (2) = ?
Have a total of $21 and Owe a total of $19
Combine to get an answer of Have $2
Answer:
2
Work the following addition problems (combine what you have and owe):
35. 3 + 7 + (6) + 9 = 7
36. 2 + (8) + (3) + 5 = 4
37. 7 + (3) + 9 + (5) = 6
38. 6 + 5 + (4) + (8) = 1
39. 4 + 9 + 8 + (2) + 1 = 12
40. 9 + (4) + (1) + 10 = 4
41. 5 + 3 + (6) + (1) + (8) = 7
42. 3 + 9 + 2 + (4) + (2) + 7 = 9
43. 1 + (9) + 7 + 3 + (5) + 8 = 3
44. 11 + (6) + 9 + 15 + (7) + 2 = 2
45. 16 + (9) + (12) + 4 + 10 + (8) = 1
46. 15 + (4) + 17 + 5 + 11 + (9) + (8) = 3
47. 20 + 12 + (8) + 14 + (6) + (18) + 1 = 25
48. 4 + 22 + 7 + 9 + 6 + 3 + 8 + 25 + 1 = 85
49. 3 + (14) + (28) + (5) + (6) + (17) + (2) = 75
50. 26 + (27) + 8 + (1) + (16) + 33 + 4 + (5) = 22
Combine all your answers from #35 thru #50 =
16
If you did not get 16, then recheck your work or get assistance!
Valencia College
38
Instructors Key:
Subtraction of Integers
Where can I get an EASY button?

In our early childhood TAKE AWAY
(subtraction) was easy!
12 8 = 4
Then along came negative numbers and
subtraction turned hard.
7 (5) = ????
Will subtraction ever be easy again?
Yes! Just push the EASY button and watch what happens!
Before you
9 (4) = ?
5 11 = ?
7 12 = ?
6 (8) = ?
push After you push

9 + 4 = 13
5 + (11) = 16
7 + (12) = 5
6 + 8 = 2
How it does that:
14 (9) = ???
It changes the number that follows the subtraction sign to the opposite value, then the
subtraction sign turns into an addition sign. Now it is an easier addition problem.
14
Owe $14
and
Therefore:
9
Have $9 = Owe $5
14 (9) = 5
Rewrite the following hard subtraction problems as easier addition problems:

1. 5 (7)
5. 3 4
9. 23 40
13. 3 9 11
Ex. 5 + 7
3 + (4)
23 + (40)
3 + (9) + (11)
2. 4 8
6. 9 12
10. 32 120 14. 2 4 (7)
4 + (8)
9 + (12)
32 + (120)
Ex. 2 + (4) + 7
3. 5 (3)
7. 6 (4)
11. 56 (411) 15. 28 (4) 9
5 + 3
6 + 4
56 + 411
28 + 4 + (9)
4. 7 15
8. 5 (9)
12. 80 (49) 16. 78 31 (100)
7 + (15)
5+9
80 + 49
78 + (31) + 100
Valencia College
39
Steps to making hard subtraction problems into easier addition problems:

Step 1: Find the opposite value of the number that follows each subtraction sign and
then write with an addition sign.
Step 2: Combine all positives values ($ you have) and all negatives ($ you owe).
Step 3. Combine the positive and negative values (amounts you have and owe).
Example:
4 (8) + 5 12 + (3) = ?
4 + 8 + 5 + (12) + (3) = ?
13 + (19) = ?
6
Original problem
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
Simplify the following subtraction problems showing all appropriate steps:

17. 9 18
23. 15 9 + (10)
29. 5 (15) + 8 (3)
34
18. 7 (5)
24. 7 + 11 20
16
19. 8 12
20
20. 14 (9)
23
21. 32 (12)
20
22. 9 (31)
40
Column total = 12
25. 9 31 6 + 8
21
30. 9 (25) + (7) 13
14
31. 23 + 9 11 3
20
26. 18 (8) + 35
28
32. 31 77 12 (5)
53
25
27. 28 (32) + 4
33. 102 (224) + (208)
118
28. 9 20 + 5 (2)
34. 432 450 (1023)
4
Column total = 41
141
Column total = 213
If your column totals are different, check your work or get assistance.
Valencia College
40
Instructors Key:
Evaluating expressions with integers
Theres magic in those squares

Evaluate the squares using these values:
a = 2, b = 3, c = 5, d = 4, e = 1
Then put your answer in the square. The total of each group of 4 squares that are lined
up horizontally, vertically, or diagonally will always be the same.
ab ba cde + 2d
0
a cd
22
(bd a)
14
bad
24
c2 e
a+d
26
28
(ac)
4b
10
2(c d )
12
cd
18
b+c
ae
d2
16
(c + b )
20
d
a
8
(a + d )(c)
30
60
What is the sum of each column, row, or diagonal? __________
Valencia College
41
Integer Review
Answers:
1.
2
2.
11
3.
7
4.
17
5.
5
6.
7
7.
45
8.
77
9.
24
10. 90
11. 16
12. 2
13. 19
14. 8
15. 5
16. 1
17. 4
18. 11
19. 1
20. 63
21. 4
22. 11
23. 9
24. 6
25. 22
26. 20
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27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
20
1
10
5
1
6
10
2
9
2
4
6
20
13
25
9
36
1
58
16
24
0
65
64
40
27
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
12
88
60
40
90
240
360
90
2
3
4
4
8
9
36
36
6
36
20
23
26
26
8
7
19
42
Absolute Value Review

Answers:
1)
17
10)
149
2)
123
11)
15
3)
94
12)
4)
13)
14
5)
14)
160
6)
42
15)
7)
23
16)
8)
18
17)
151
9)
18)
33
Valencia College
43
Integer Operation Fever

A high interest game that reinforces the integer operations
2-4
Integer Operation Fever card deck (52 cards)
The player or team that takes the most tricks wins
the game!
Number of players
Materials Needed
To win
Instructions
1) Shuffle the cards and dealer deals out the entire deck of cards to the other players
2) The player to the left of the dealer will place a card from one of the suits (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, or division) in the middle of the table other players must follow suit. The player
placing the card with the highest value takes the trick.
3) A player that is not able to follow suit must place a card on the trick but will not be able to take
the trick.
4) In case of a tie, the player playing first takes the trick.
5) A point is scored for each trick taken. The winner is the player with the most tricks.
(Example of one round of the game)

Player 2
Player 3
Player 1
Player one plays a division

card. Other players must
follow suit. (
= )
Player two follows suit.

( = )
( = )
Player 4
( = )
Player three plays the highest value card, therefore takes the trick.
Valencia College
44
Instructors Key:
Equation Information and practice
The World runs on Equations!!!

Match the words with the appropriate
mathematical expression:
Use each answer only once!
P
_____
1. x is less than 7
_____
2. sum of x and 7
F
_____
K 3. quotient of x and 7
_____
N 4. x more than 7
D 5. difference of x and 7
_____
_____
H 6. x less than 7
_____
A 7. twice x
_____
M 8. 7 is greater than x
_____
9. half of x
E
_____
B 10. product of 7 and x
_____
C 11. x squared
Q 12. half the difference of 7 and x
_____
_____
13. twice the sum of 7 and x
L
_____
14. 7 less than the product of 7 and x
J
_____
G 15. difference of x and 7 squared
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
P.
Q.
2x
7x
x2
x7
1
/2 x
x+7
x 72
7x
7x7
x
/7
2(7 + x)
7>x
7+x
x<7
1
/ 2 (7 x)
Put the 4-steps to SOLVE EQUATIONS into the right order.

_____
1. Solving: Step 1
b
_____
2. Solving: Step 2
d
a
_____
3. Solving: Step 3
c
_____
4. Solving: Step 4
Valencia College
a. Isolate the variable term from the constant

b. Simplify the expressions on each side
c. Isolate the variable from the coefficient
d. Collect variables from both sides into 1 term
45
From the previous page write down the 4 steps for solving an equation:
S1: _________________________
S3: ______________________________
Simplify each side
Isolate the variable term
S2: _________________________
S4: ______________________________
Collect variables into 1 term
Isolate the variable
Label below which step you are DOing and the RESULTS that you get.
2. Example: 3 x 2 x + 6 =
4x + 3 =
5
3
1.
st
st
Do 1
S3: 3 3
S1: Simplify left side
Do 1
x+6=
3
4x = 2
Results
Results
nd
nd
6 6
4 4
Do 2
S3:
Do 2
x=
Results
S2:
Results
Do 2nd
S3:
Results
x = 3
Results
3x + 2 = 2 x + 5
3.
Do 1st
1
2
4.
2x 2x
Do 1st
x+2=
5
Results
2 2
Do 2nd
x=3
Results
x
+3=
2
5
3 3
S3:
S4:
x
= 1
5
x
(5) = 1(5)
5
x = 5
5.
4 ( 3x + 2 ) =
10
st
Do 1
Results
12 x + 8 =
10
nd
8 8
S3:
Do 2
Results
12 x = 2
rd
Do 3
S4: 12 12
Results
x= 1
6
6.
Do 1st
Results
Do 2nd
Results
Do 3rd
Results
7.
3( x 4 ) =
5x
st
Do 1
Results
3 x 12 =
5x
nd
S3: 3x
Do 2
3x
Results
12 =
2x
rd
Do 3
S4: 2 2
Results
6 =x
8.
2 x 3x + 6 = 5 2 x + 2
st
Do 1
S1: Simplify both sides
Results
1x + 6 =2 x + 7
nd
Do 2
S3:
+2x
+2x
Results
x+6=
7
rd
Do 3
S3:
6 6
Results
x =1
Valencia College
4x 5 = x + 4
S2: x x
3x 5 =
4
S3:
+5 +5
3x = 9
S4:
3 3
x=3
46
Match the stories with the appropriate mathematical equation and

identify the meaning of the x variable used to write the equation.
Use each story only once to match with the equations below:
A. A television set costs $900. If tax is 6%, what is the total price?
B. Dinner was $30. If I leave a 15% tip, what is the total cost of dinner?
C. I have $900 in my savings account. If I get 6% interest on my principal, what will be the
total in my account at the end of 3 years?
D. I have $900 in my savings account. If I get $30 interest at the end of 3 years, what
percentage rate is the bank giving?
E. The television costs $900. If the store is giving you a 15% discount, how much will the
television cost before they add the tax?
F. A 30-foot tree is cut into 2 pieces. If one piece is twice as long as the other piece, how long
is the short piece?
G. Your cars average speed is 30 mph. If you go 300 miles, how long will it take?
H. What is your cars average speed if you go 300 miles in 5 hours?
I. I took 2 tests in my math class with a total score of 150 points. If the higher of the two
grades was 30 points above the lower score, what was the lower score?
J. The total of 3 consecutive integers is 900. What is the smallest integer?
K. Attendance the first day of the car show was excellent. It doubled the second day and tripled
the third day. If the total attendance for all three days was 9000 people, how many attended
the first day?
L. Margie and Jack are running for president. Margie received 900 more votes than Jack. If
there were a total of 9000 votes, how many votes did Jack receive?
M. Target buys cards for $2 and sells them for $3. What is the percentage of markup?
N. The sum of two consecutive odd integers is 300. What is the smaller integer?
Note: First word problem above has been completed as an example.

Discounted cost of TV
x = ______________________
E 1.
=
x 900 (0.15)(900)
Total in account
x = ______________________
C 2.
=
x 900 + (900)(0.06)(3)
Votes Jack received
x = ______________________
L 3.
x + ( x + 900) =
9000
Cars speed (mph)
x = ______________________
H 4.
300 = x(5)
x = Total price of TV
A 5.
=
x 900 + (0.06)(900)
Length of short piece

x = ______________________
x + 2x =
30
x = _____________________
Total cost of dinner
B 7.
=
x 30 + (0.15)(30)
F 6.
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___
J 8.
Smallest integer
x = ______________________
x + ( x + 1) + ( x + 2) =
900
Number of hours
x = ______________________
300 = 30 x
x = ______________________
Percentage rate
___10.
D
30 = (900) x (0.01)(3)
x = _____________________
Percentage of markup
___
M 11.
x (0.01)(2) = 1
x = _____________________
Attendance on 1st day
___
K 12.
x + 2 x + 3x =
9000
Lower score
x = ______________________
___13.
I
x + ( x + 30) =
150
x = Smaller
_____________________
integer
___14.
N
( x ) + ( x + 2) =
300
___
G 9.
47
Instructors Key:
Words to Math and Math to Words

Part I - Translation
Translate the following phrases into algebraic expressions (or vice-a-versa). Challenge yourself to use
a variety of words when translating. Do not use the same words or phrases repeatedly.
Words
1) Five subtracted from a number
2) The quotient of a number and sixteen
Math
5
16
3) 20 less than 2 times a number
2x 20
4) Twice a number minus 20
2x 20
5) Nine less a number

6) 6 less than the product of 2 and a number
7) 3 less than the product of a number and 5
8) 5 times a number less 3
2 6
5x 3
5x 3
9) 3 times the sum of a number and 2
3(x + 2)
10) The product of 3 and the sum of a number and 2
3(x + 2)
11) Four times the sum of twice a number and three yields twelve
4(2 + 3) = 12
12) 1 less than the product of 2 and a number yields the product of 3 and the
sum of the same number plus 7
2y 1 = 3(y + 7)
13) Twice a number less one is the same as the product of 3 and the sum of 7
more than the same number
2y 1 = 3(y + 7)
14) Twice a number yields 25 less the product of 3 and the same number
2x = 25 3x
15) The product of 2 and a number is the same as 3 times the same number
subtracted from 25
2x = 25 3x
Valencia College
48
Part II Solving Equations

Use your answers from Part I of the activity to set up and solve the following linear equations.
A)
Answer from #1
5 3
Answer from #7
=
B)
Answer from #5
1
2
2 6
Answer from #6
=5
C)
2 20
Answer from #4
3( + 2)
Answer from #9
= 26
D)
Answer from #11
E)
-22
Answer from #12
F)
Answer from #14
Valencia College
49
Equation Review
Answers:
1.
x=7
25.
x=2
2.
x = 14
26.
x = 1
3.
x=5
27.
x=5
4.
x = 18
28.
x=3
5.
x = 9
29.
x=0
6.
x =1
30.
x = 12
7.
x = 6
31.
x = 15
8.
x = 32
32.
x = 6
9.
x = 14
33.
x = 35
10.
x = 5
34.
x = 24
11.
x=5
35.
x = 10
12.
x = 49
36.
x = 8
47.
x=
17
3
48.
x=
15
2
49.
x=
50.
x=2
51.
x=4
52.
x=0
53.
x = 6
54.
x=
55.
x=
5
16
9
2
2
5
13.
x = 5
37.
x=6
14.
x = 8
38.
x = 20
56.
x=5
15.
x=3
39.
x=9
57.
x = 4
16.
x = 2
40.
x =1
x=
17.
x=2
41.
x = 1
58.
11
2
18.
x=8
42.
x = 2
59.
x=
19.
x=2
43.
x=5
17
8
20.
x=2
44.
x = 1
60.
x=
21.
x = 4
45.
x=0
11
4
22.
x=2
61.
x=
1
3
23.
x=2
24.
x = 3
Valencia College
46.
x=
1
3
50
Math Relay
Instructions
1. Divide students into groups of four.
2. In each team, the four team members must be seated in order from front to back,
(i.e. student 2 behind student 1, etc.)
3. Student 1 performs the predetermined math function and writes the answers on
their answer sheet.
4. When they have the answer on their sheet, student 1 then hands their sheet to the
person behind them.
5. The next student (student 2) repeats the process, until the final member of the
group completes their question.
6. The fourth member of the group then raises their hand and waits for the lab
instructor to check the groups work.
7. If the answers are correct, the team gets a point. If the answers are incorrect, the
team starts from the beginning and repeats the race again. (Note to instructor: do
not tell the group which of their answers is incorrect)
8. At the end of the round, the team with the most points is declared the winner.
Valencia College
51
Team Answer Sheet Math Relay

Round 1
Round 2
Round 3
Round 4
0.6
0.64
2.1
23
12
1.35
Student #1
22
3
Student #2
2
3
Student #3
Student #4
Valencia College
52
Instructors Key:
Basic Algebra Knowledge
Do you speak the Language of Mathematics?

Just like any other foreign language,
mathematics has a language of its own.
Memorize the meaning of the words.
Understand the steps to simplifying an
expression.
Match: Use each answer only once!
______
1. Factors
c
______
2. Terms
g
______
3. Expression
e
______
4. Equation
k
______
5. Simplify
h
______
6. Solve
a
______
7. Natural numbers
d
______
m 8. Integers
______
9. Prime numbers
j
______
10. Add/Subtract terms
b
______
11. Trick for remembering
f
the steps for simplifying
an expression
a. What we do to an equation
b. Must have same variable(s) and
the same amount of the variable(s)
c. Numbers and/or variables that are
multiplied
d. Counting numbers
e. One or more terms

f. GE ( MD )( AS )
g.
h.
j.
k.
Separated by add/subtraction signs

What we do to an expression
Has only 2 different factors
Has an expression on the left and
right side of an equals sign
m. Positive and negative natural
numbers and zero
Only LIKES can be added, but ANYTHING can be multiplied.

Match: Use each answer only once!
d
______
1. Simplifying: Step 1
a. Work all implied grouping symbols
a
______
b. Do all addition & subtraction left to right
e
______
c. Do all multiplication & division left to right
c
______
d. Work inside all grouping symbols
b
______
e. Work all indicated exponents
Valencia College
53
Match the word with the appropriate mathematical meaning:

_____
A. the word for the exponent 2
G 1. sum
_____
B. >
(when read from left to right)
K 2. difference
_____
C. answer for a division problem
P 3. product
_____
D. =
C 4. quotient
_____
E. out of 100
A 5. squared
_____
F. amount is multiplied by 2
L 6. cubed
_____
G. answer for an addition problem
D 7. is
_____
H. <
(when read from left to right)
Q 8. perimeter
_____
J. number of squares inside of a polygon
H 9. is less than
_____
K. answer for a subtraction problem
M 10. ratio
_____
L. the word for the exponent 3
B 11. is greater than
_____
M. fraction
F 12. twice
_____
N. multiplication
J 13. area
_____
P. answer for a multiplication problem
N 14. of
_____
Q. distance around the outside a polygon
E 15. percent
Following the Order of Operations find the first 2 or 3 steps of simplifying.
#1 and #10 are examples.
2
1.example 3 + 5 x + 2
9 + 5x + 2
First:
5 x + 11
Second:
5 x(7 3) + x
4.
5x(4) + x
First: ___________
20x + x
Second: ___________
7.
7( x + 5) + 3
2.
52 + 3x + 1
5.
5 + 6(4 y + 3 y ) 9.
2(3 x) + 4(5 x)
7 x 5 x + 3x x
First: ____________
First: _______________
5 + 6(7y)
2x + 3x x
Second: ____________
Second:
_______________
5 + 42y
5x x
(2 x + 4 x + 5)3 + 4(8 2 x 3)
11.
(6x + 5)3 + 4(5 2x)
First:
________________________
18x + 15 + 20 8x
Second: ________________________
10x + 35
Third: ________________________
2 x 7 2 + 4(3x)
2x 49 + 4(3x)
___________________
2x 49 + 12x
___________________
___________________
14x 49
Valencia College
6.
25 + 3x + 1 First: _______________
6x + 20x
First: ____________
24 + 3x
26x
Second: ____________
Second: _______________
10.example 2( x + 3) 5 x(4 + 3)
2 x + 6 20 x 15
First:
18 x + 6 15
Second:
18 x 9
Third:
12.
First:
Second:
Third:
6 x + 2 + 3 x(5)
First: ____________
First: _______________
7x + 35 + 3
6x + 2 + 15x
Second: ____________
Second: _______________
7x + 38
21x + 2
2 x + 7 y + 5 y (4) 8.
First: ___________
2x + 7y +20y
Second: ___________
2x + 27y
3.
13.
First:
Second:
Third:
(3 x) 2 + 5(2 x 3) + x 2
9x2 + 5(2x 3) + x2
________________________
9x2 + 10x 15 + x2
________________________
________________________
10x2 + 10x 15
54
Instructors key
Definitions, Polynomial operations, Order of operations, Exponents
3 6 X2 +
X2
7
+
1
10
2
1 6 X - 2
9
B
X
+
2
16
2 7 X + 4
2
C
20
21
3 2 8 2 5
23
X
T
27
5
P
Y
R
30
+
I
1
M
6
E
Z
5
19
1
0
E R
+
28
2
5
N T
1 5
2
8
X 11
3 6
6
Y
3
6
9 X2
5 0
6
6 2
5
14
1
17
1
5
18
1 0 X2 Y
0
0
2
M
0
5
26
U
0
29
9
N
Z
D
E G E R S
F
I
33
9 9 N + 3 3
E
D
E
31
1
6 4
9
Q U O
4
12
9 9
Y
+
1 6 X Y
Z
E
V
E
N
32
13
15
1 3
5
- 2 6
4
0
24
1 0 X2
0
3 5 X2
1 5
2
8
8
6
4
4
Y
22
25
9 0
X3
+
1
1 0
X2
+
3
X
+
2
E
X
P
O
N
E
N
T
Definitions, Order of Operations, and Polynomials crossword puzzle
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55
Polynomials Review
Answers:
1) 8 x + 3
2) 3 x 8
3) 2x
4) 2 x 2 + 6 x 6
5) 0.8 x 4 + 2 x3 + 2 x
6) 3 x + 12
7) 5 x 2
8) 4 x 2
9) 12 x + 6
10)
90 x 70
11)
3a + 18
12)
y + 3
13)
3 x 1
14)
2 x2 2 x + 5
15)
2 x 2 5 x 3
16)
2x 4
17)
5 y 4 + 20 y 2
18)
3z 4 + 5 z 3 + 3z 2
19)
x5 + 4 x3 + 4 x
20)
15 y 2 19 y 56
21)
8 y 2 + 38 y + 35
22)
16 x 2 1
23)
x 2 + 2 xy + y 2
24)
12 x11 + 55 x9 + 63 x 7
25)
2 x 4 + 15 x3 + 12 x 2 56 x
26)
7 x 4 + 32 x3 + 8 x 2 32 x
27)
36 x 4 x3 66 x 2 + 35 x
28)
35 x8 + 39 x 6 + 65 x5 14 x 4 + 91x3
29)
0.21x 2 + 1.16 x + 1.28
30)
10.81x 2 + 35.17 x + 10.72
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56
Instructors Key:
Whole numbers
Building a Practice Football Field

Local high school officials have contracted you to estimate the cost of building a new practice field for
their football team and marching band to use. The picture on the last page is the measured drawing for
the new field. All the questions in this lab will refer to it.
Part One: The fencing-in of the field. Outside dotted line on drawing.
The school officials wish to put a 10-foot high chain link fence encircling the field.
Around the field is a 30-foot buffer zone just to give some extra space to running
football players. They want the fence to run around the outside of the buffer zone
(perimeter). We will use length to describe the longer side of the rectangular field and
width to describe the shorter side of the rectangular field.
Show your work and put the appropriate units with your answers.
1. Use the drawing to find the length of the fence.

1.
420 feet
2.
220 feet
2. Use the drawing to find the width of the fence.
3. Use the length and width to find the number of feet of fence required to enclose the
field. This is called the perimeter.
3.
1280 feet
4. A fence does not hang in mid-air. You must have support poles to which the fence
will be attached. Our support poles will be spaced every twenty feet or the fencing will
sag. How many support poles are needed to complete the fencing job?
4.
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64 poles
57
Reminder: Show calculations and include units with your answers.

5. When putting in fencing, one does not just dig a hole, put the post in, and then fill the
hole with dirt. There is a little bit more to the process than that. To provide enough
support, each pole must have a concrete foundation within the hole it is to be placed.
We know that one bag of concrete mix is enough to set 2 of the support poles. How
many bags of concrete mix will be needed to complete the job?
5.
32 bags
6. The actual chain link fencing comes in 50-foot rolls. How many rolls will be needed
to complete this job?
6.
26 rolls
Now use the previous information to figure out the bill for the fencing of the field.
Poles......................................... $ 18 each
Fencing rolls............................ $ 107 per 50-foot roll
Concrete mix........................... $ 2 per bag
Labor cost estimate = Double the total cost of the supplies.
[Show calculations]
Total cost of poles

Total cost of fencing rolls
Total cost of concrete mix
Miscellaneous costs
$
$
$
$
1152.00
2782.00
64.00
850.00
Subtotal for supplies

Labor estimate:
$
$
4848.00
9696.00
Total cost for fencing the field will be:
$ 14,544.00
If your total was different, check your work before continuing!
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58
Part 2: Getting the field green

So far you have a lovely fence enclosing a flat dirt rectangle. Of course, you want to put grass
down. Grass can be grown, but that takes a long time and is not very easy to do. You will do
what most places do; sod the entire field. Sod is grass that has already been grown, and then it
is cut from the ground in manageable sizes to be placed over the area that you want covered.

1. You will first need to figure out the area (number of square feet) of the field that you want
to sod. Use the calculations for length and width of the field from Part 1 to figure out the
area. Remember that this is not just the football field, but the whole field that is to be
enclosed. The area (including units) of the field is
92,400 ft2
2. Sod is sold in 2-foot by 2-foot squares. How much area does one of these squares take up?
The area (including units) of 1 piece of sod is
4 square feet
Sod to be delivered
to the ball field
Number of truck
loads delivered
1 truckload
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
One truck load

holds 40 pallets
Number of pallets
40 pallets
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
360
400
440
480
One pallet holds 60

pieces of sod
Number of sod
pieces
2400 pieces of sod
4800
7200
9600
12000
14400
16800
19200
21600
24000
26400
28800
Each piece of sod is

2 feet by 2 feet
Area of sod
coverage
9600 square feet
19200
28800
38400
48000
57600
67200
76800
86400
96000
105600
115200
Each pallet cost $50

Cost of sod
$2000
$4000
$6000
$8000
$10000
$12000
$14000
$16000
$18000
$20000
$22000
$24000
3. According to the table, how many full truckloads of sod need to be ordered? (Note: Any
extra sod will be put around the outside of the fence.)
10 truckloads
4. According to the table, how many pieces of sod will be bought?
5. According to the table, how much will it cost for all the sod?
24,000 pieces
$20,000
Using this information lets figure out the cost for getting the field green.
Delivery charge.......................... $ 75 per trip
Estimated Labor charge = Double the cost of the sod.
Total cost of sod
$ 20,000.00
Labor Estimate
$ 40,000.00
Delivery charges
$
750.00
Total for putting down sod on the field
$ 60,750.00
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Part 3: Keeping the field green for years to come

We live in a sub-tropic environment that is tough on grass. To keep the practice field
green for years to come, it will need an irrigation system and sprinklers. The plan for
the irrigation system is on the measured drawing at the end of this lab.
Key for the measured drawing:
Represents sprinkler pipes
that are run underground.
Represents a sprinkler head.
1. How many sprinkler heads does the plan call for?
1.
13 sprinklers
2. PVC pipe is a polymer pipe used in most homes and irrigation systems today. It is
very durable and extremely easy to work with. Use the drawing to determine how
many feet of PVC sprinkler pipe will be needed for the project.
2.
1130 feet
3. At each place where the pipes meet is an irrigation junction box. These help direct
water flow to different zones so parts of the field can be watered at different times.
Each junction box is an electrically controlled valve which turns pipes on or off
when needed. How many junction boxes will be needed for the plan?
3.
5 boxes
4. When putting in an irrigation system there are many extra items that are required.
The industrial control box (which controls when the sprinklers go on and off) will
cost about $350. There are also backflow control valves that allow water to flow
only one-way. Each zone will need one and it has been decided that there will be a
total of 4 zones. Each backflow control valve costs $75. What is the total cost of all
extra or miscellaneous items?
4.
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$650.00
60

Now use the previous information to figure out the bill for keeping the field green.
Sprinkler head ...................................... $ 25 each
PVC pipe .............................................. $ 1 per foot
Junction Boxes ..................................... $ 50 each
Labor Cost Estimate:
Double the cost of supplies + $300
Total cost of sprinkler heads

Total cost of PVC pipe
Total cost of junction boxes
Miscellaneous costs
Subtotal for sprinkler supply costs
Labor Cost Estimate
Total for keeping the grass green
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
325.00
1130.00
250.00
650.00
2355.00
5010.00
7,365.00
Total from Part 1 (Fencing in the field)..$ 14,544

Total from Part 2 (Getting the field green).$ 60,750
Total from Part 3 (Keeping the field green)$ 7,365
Total cost of the project ..$ 82,659
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Instructors Key:
Finding prime numbers
The Sieve of Eratosthenes

Cross out 1. It is not a prime number. Why not?
Circle the 2. Cross out every other number after
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
the 2 up to 100.
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Circle the 3. Cross out every third number after
the 3 up to 100, even if it is already crossed out.
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
The 4 is already crossed out. You dont have to
check every fourth number after the 4. Why not?
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
Circle the 5. Cross out every fifth number after
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
the 5 up to 100, even if it is already crossed out.
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 The 6 should already be crossed out. You dont
have to check every sixth number after the 6.
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
Why not?
83
89
Circle the 7. Cross out every seventh number
81 82
84 85 86 87 88
90
after the 7 up to 100, even if it is already crossed out.
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
The 8 should already be crossed out. You

dont have to check every eighth number after the 8.
The 9 should already be crossed out. You dont have to check every ninth number after the 9.
The 10 should already be crossed out. You dont have to check every tenth number after the 10.
Circle all the remaining numbers up to 100 that are not crossed out already.
1
10
You should have circled 25 of the numbers.

These circled numbers are the prime numbers less than 100.
1. A prime number has exactly 2 different factors which are the number __one __ and the
number
itself
2. Why is 1 not a prime number?
Because it does not have 2 different factors
3. The sum of all the prime numbers less than 100 is

4. The prime factorization of the sum from #3 is
1060
2 2 5 53
5. Looking at the largest prime factor from #4 the difference of the digits is
6. The product of every fifth prime number less than 100 is
Valencia College
103,256,791
62
Instructor's Key
Whole number operations
This Puzzle Won't Cross Me Up!!!

1
10
13
2
4
2
3
5
7
3
3
0
4
5
11
8
0
8
5
0
12
14
15
16
17
19
25
28
3
1
26
30
9
6
2
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4
1
5
9
0
18
4
4
5
5
0
20
27
2
3
5
21
1
1
6
8
5
9
0
22
29
31
2
7
5
4
2
2
8
4
5
1
2
4
8
0
0
23
7
0
9
8
24
6
5
0
63
Instructors Key:
Simplifying Expressions using Order of Operations
Should I put on my shoes or socks first?

Putting on your socks and then your
shoes will get your feet covered.
Or
You could put on your shoes and then
your socks. It will certainly obtain the
objective of getting your feet covered,
but you will look a little weird to the
rest of us!
In the world of math if we are asked to find the value of: 4 + 5 3
Who is to say what to do first? Add or Multiply???
Being American it may seem logical that we just start on the left and work to
the right, like we read. But mathematics is international and other countries
do not all go from left to right normally.
So
Mathematicians UNITE and hereby AGREE to the Order of Operations:
First:
Do any work inside all grouping symbols:

( Parentheses )
[ Brackets ]
Fraction
Bar
Absolute value
Radical
number
number
Second:
Work all implied grouping symbols:
Third:
Fourth:
Fifth:
Work all indicated exponents.

Perform all mult. and/or division as they occur from left to right.
Perform all addition and/or subtraction as they occur from left to right.
Trick to remembering:
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number
number

GE ( MD)( AS )
64
Following the order of operations, find only the first 2 steps to be done.
Example:
852+3
1.
32 +3
First:
1+ 3
Second:
First:
Second:
7.
First:
Second:
38 2 4
4.
7 + 28+ 4
2.
24 2 4
12 4
4(9 2 3) + 1
First:
4(9 6) + 1
Second:
4(3) + 1
98+4
1+4
6 2 8 4
5.
First:
Second:
384
24 4
32 + 5 2
8.
First:
Second:
9+52
9 + 10
3.
First:
Second:
6.
First:
Second:
9.
First:
Second:
43+ 26
1+26
36
4 + 2(5 3)
4 + 2(2)
4+4
5(8 2)3 + 4
5(6)3 + 4
5(216) + 4
In the following section you may use the

number 3 as many times as needed to make a
problem.
Using the order of operations on your
problem, obtain the given answer.
More than one solution is possible!
Example: Answer:
10. Answer:
11. Answer:
12. Answer:
13. Answer:
14. Answer:
15. Answer:
16. Answer:
17. Answer:
18. Answer:
19. Answer:
20. Answer:
21. Answer:
22. Answer:
23. Answer:
24. Answer:
Valencia College
2
3
4
5
7
8
10
12
13
15
50
101
-1
-2
-10
11
Problem: (3 + 3) 3 + 3 3
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
Problem:
3 (3 3)
3(3 3)
3 + (3 3)
(3 3) + (3 3) + 3
3 + 3 + (3 3)
3(3) (3 3)
3(3) + (3 3)
3[3 + (3 3)]
3[3 + (3 3)] + (3 3)
3[(3 3) + (3 3) + 3]
[(3 3) + (3 3) + 3][3(3) + (3 3)]
[3(3) + (33)][3(3) + (33)] + (33)
3 [3 + (3 3)]
(3 3) 3
[3(3) + (33)]
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Instructors Key:
Order of operations
Getting the numbers in the right square

Use the numbers 1 through 9 only once to complete the equations below:
5 1 + 9 = 13
+
+
7 3 + 8 = 29
/
2 + 6 4 = 26
=
=
=
19 -3 11
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66
Instructors Key
Voting Methods
Who is the winner??!!

Start by ranking the following automobile makers based on your preference (i.e. 1, 2, 3)
Cadillac
Mercedes
Audi
3
2
1
As a class, complete the following table by entering in the number of votes for each
preference ranking:
Cadillac
Mercedes
Audi
3
1
2
3
5
1
3
2
Number of Votes
7
8
2
2
1
3
3
1
2
3
1
2
1
3
2
1
Enter values here!
One voting method we can use to find the class preference is the Borda count. A
Borda count assigns points to each candidate based on the preference rankings. A
candidate gets 3 points for every first-place vote, 2 points for every second-place vote,
and 1 point for every third-place vote.
i.e. Candidate 1: 3 (sum of first place votes) +2(sum of second placed votes) + 1(sum of third placed votes) = Borda count
1. Perform the Borda count for each automobile maker

a. Cadillac: 3( 3+5
) + 2( 7+8 ) + 1( 2+1
b. Mercedes: 3( 7+2
) + 2( 3+1 ) + 1( 5+8
c. Audi:
3( 8+1 ) + 2( 5+2 ) + 1( 3+7
2. Which automobile maker had the highest Borda count?
)
)
)
= 57
= 48
= 51
Cadillac
Another voting method sometimes used is a runoff vote. In a runoff vote, once the top
two candidates are selected, the data is once again calculated. This time, it is a winner
take all scenario. Going through above table once again, the candidate with the higher
preference rankings gains all the votes in each column. The candidate with the largest
total is declared the winner.
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67
3. Based off of your previous answers, which two automobile makers would qualify for
the runoff vote?
Cadillac and Audi
4. Tally up the votes and find the winner of the runoff vote. (complete the table by
copying the data from the previous table, including the number of votes and the
preference ranking for the two choices. Show all your work)
Number of Votes
3
5
7
8
2
1
Auto Maker 1:
Cadillac
1
1
2
2
3
3
Auto Maker 2:
Audi
3
2
3
1
2
1
Cadillac 3+5+7=15
Audi 8+2+1=11
Cadillac would be the winner.
Complete the rest of the activity for the following scenario:
Lionel Messi, Cristiano Ronaldo, and Xavi are the finalists for the FIFA World Soccer
Player of the Year award. Coaches, captains, and sports journalists from around the
world vote to decide who will be crowned the winner. The preference rankings for the
206 votes cast are listed below:
L. Messi
C. Ronaldo
Xavi
25
1
2
3
18
2
1
3
33
1
3
2
Number of Votes
30
41
3
2
1
1
2
3
23
3
2
1
16
1
3
2
20
1
2
3
The committee decides to use the Borda count to tally up the votes. Recall; with the
Borda count, after votes have been cast, they are tallied as follows: the lowest-ranked
candidate is given 1 point, the second lowest is given 2 points, and the top candidate is
given 3 points. The number of points given to each candidate is summed up. The
candidate with the highest Borda count is the winner.
i.e. Candidate 1: 3 (sum of first place votes) +2(sum of second placed votes) + 1(sum of third placed votes) = Borda count
5. Perform the Borda count for each candidate

a.
Messi:
3(25+33+16+20) + 2(18+41) + 1(30+23)
= 453
b.
Ronaldo: 3(18+30+41) + 2(25+23+20) + 1(33+16)
= 452
c.
Xavi:
3(23) + 2(33+30+16) + 1(25+18+14+41+20) = 331
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68
6. Who would be the winner using Bordas method? Lionel Messi
Since the vote count for the top two candidates was very close, the committee decided
to hold a runoff count in order to determine the winner.
7. Which two candidates would qualify for the runoff vote?
Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo
8. Perform the calculations for the runoff vote and determine the winner.
L. Messi
C. Ronaldo
25
1
2
18
2
1
33
1
3
Number of Votes
30
41
3
2
1
1
23
3
2
16
1
3
20
1
2
Messi 25+33+16+20 = 94
Ronaldo 18+30+41+23 = 112
The winner would be Cristiano Ronaldo.
9. Suppose in a different scenario, the 206 votes are recast for the three candidates.
After the first 96 votes are tallied the numbers are as follows:
Messi
Ronaldo
Xavi
37
34
25
Using the equation below, find the minimum number of votes Xavi would need in
order to win the award. (solve for x)
25 + x = 37 + (110 x)
x = 61votes
10.Using the internet, find an organization or country that uses the Borda count method
to assign an award or elect an official.
Most Valuable Player MLB, Heisman Trophy NCAA, AP Poll NCAA Football
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Word Problems using Whole numbers!!!

Answers:
1. One piece is 8 feet and the other is 12 feet.
2. The husband bought 14 presents and the wife bought 7.
3. The rectangle is 31 inches long and 25 inches wide.
4. The original price of the car was $15,500.
5. The markup is $2.60.
6. You went 441 miles.
7. The shuttle travels 2,898,000 miles in one week.
8. It will take 20 months to pay the loan back.
9. There are 6 minutes of commercials.
10. First day was 1100 people, second day was 2200, and the third day was 3300.
11. Billy Bob received 176 votes and Peggy Sue received 263 votes.
12. The lowest grade was 52 and the highest grade was 90.
13. The grape ivy cost $41.
14. The two consecutive numbers are 7 and 8.
15. Number of laps: Yogi swam 11, Smokey swam 22, and Boo-Boo swam 14.
16. Your average speed was 50 miles per hour.
17. The three consecutive integers are 33, 34, and 35.
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70

Order of Operations using integers
24 Game
Equipment needed for this activity:
Two (2) sets of single-digit cards.
Note: There are enough cards in two packs for 12 different groups.
Explanation of Activity:
1. Try to break the class into as many groups of 3 as possible.
2. All members of each group should put their names on the paper from the lab manual
(official score sheet) to be turned in at the end of the period.
3. Give each group a set of cards consisting of 1(1-dot), 2(2-dots), 1(3-dots), for a total
of 4 cards.
4. The group is allowed to use any combination of addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division, and exponents with order of operations and grouping symbols
(parentheses or fraction bar) to create a total value of 24.
5. An answer must use all of the four (4) numbers on ONE SIDE of the card and each
number can only be used once.
6. The numeral with a RED DOT is a nine (9), not a six (6).
7. Remind them that 5(9 2)2 and 2 * 5(9 2) are the same and are not to be
considered as different solutions.
8. Each group should turn in the official score sheet at the end of class.
9. Credit should be given according to the number of different solutions that the group
turns in.
Instructors options:
Allow each group to make only one trade during the class. This trade will be for
another set of four (4) cards.

No values can be used as exponents.
A tardy student can be added to an existing group of 2.
A tardy student can work alone until (and if) another tardy student arrives.
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Instructors Key:
Exponents
Wheres the magic in a magic square?

Work the problems in each of the squares. Then put your answer in the square. The
total of each group of 4 squares that are lined up horizontally, vertically, or diagonally
will always be the same.
2 6 8 2 6 2 23
52 + 12
42 101
28
26
33 51
103 102
23 + 2 2
4 2 + 05
22
10
12
16
24 + 22
23 08
20
104 103 + 22
14
33 32
18
82 22 101 2? = 16
24
110 + 11
(2 + 3) 2 + 5
30
What is the sum of each column, row, or diagonal? __________

60
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72
Evaluating Exponential Expressions Review

Answers:
1)
17
10)
19)
2)
11)
91
20)
27
3)
36
12)
21)
4)
50
13)
22)
5)
36
14)
40
23)
6)
32
15)
16
24)
24
7)
80
16)
30
25)
8)
17)
10
26)
13
9)
18)
27)
16
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73
Jeopardy!
Instructions
Materials Needed:
Computer, Projector, Clickers (3), Timer
Directions:
Divide the class into 3 teams

Each team will receive a clicker.
Teams will be given 2-4 min. to answer each question
depending on the category.
The team who clicks in first will have a chance to
answer the question. If they do not get the correct
answer the next team that clicked in will have a chance
to answer and receive full credit. There is no penalty for
incorrect answers.
The team who gets the correct answer can choose the
next category.
If no team gets the correct answer the host will then
choose the next category.
The round is over when all questions have been
attempted.
There is 1 random daily double question in round 1, and
2 in round 2. Point value of the question is doubled if
you get the correct answer.
Everyone will get a chance at Final Jeopardy. Teams
will have 5 min to answer final jeopardy. It is worth
$2000
Team with the most points wins.
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74
Jeopardy Questions Round 1

Integers
Answers:
$100
110
$200
$300
34
$400
432
$500
undefined
Fractions
Answers:
$100
9y
5x
$200
$300
$400
$500
7
60
12 x 7
6
3
2
Equations
Answers:
$100
x = 22
$200
x = 57
$300
y=0
$400
x = 12
$500
x=2
Whole Numbers
Answers:
$100
41017
$200
98784
$300
21
$400
$500
12
Feeling Lucky
Answers:
$100
22 32 11
$200
5.8
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75
$300
$400
20x 7 y 4
$500
400
Geometry Word Problems
Answers:
$100
80m
$200
49in2
$300
78ft2
$400
31.4cm or 10cm
$500
210m3
Jeopardy Questions Round 2

English to Math
Answers:
$200
5 x + 15
$1000
x
7
8
x 20
2x
x
< 2x + 4
3
2 ( x + 25 ) 6 = 2x + 44
Decimals
Answers:
$200
18.945
$400
0.1284
$600
3.5
$800
2.63
$1000
x = 39
Compare Numbers
Answers:
$200
103 < 250
$400
168 < 20
$600
4 12 1
= =
16 48 4
$800
0.032 > 0.320
$1000
$400
$600
$800
Valencia College
4
< 42%
9
76
Conversion
Answers:
$200
35%
$400
0.0345
$600
$800
5
8
43
3
or 2
20
20
$1000
0.082
Simplify Polynomials
Answers:
$200
5x
$400
9t 2 t
$600
9x 6 + 9x 3 y
$800
8x 5 y5 z 2 4x 3 y5 z 2 + 32x 3 y 4 z3
$1000
x 2 44xy + 61y
Find the LCD
Answers:
$200
16
$400
21
$600
12
$800
48
$1000
108
Jeopardy Questions Final Jeopardy

Answers:
Final Jeopardy
Valencia College
77
Who did it?

Answer these questions to determine who committed the crime!
1. Evaluate
1 11
4 6
a. 5
19
b.
12
19
c.
12
d. 5
(It was not Bishop Smith)

(It was not Mrs. Daisy)
(It was Professor Bloom)
(It was Bishop Smith)
3
2
2. Solve = y +
4
3
5
a.
7
1
b.
12
17
c.
12
d. 1
3. Evaluate
(It was Major Watts)

(It was not Major Watts)
(It was Professor Bloom)
(It was not Professor Bloom)
7 7
8 4
1
2
b. 2
c. 32
49
d.
32
a.
(It was not Bishop Smith)

(It was not Mrs. Court)
(It was Miss Margaret)
(It was Mrs. Daisy)
2
1
1
(5 x 3) (12 x 5) simplify to: 2 x
5
3
2
a. True
(It was not Miss Margaret)
b. False
(It was not Professor Bloom)
4. Does
Valencia College
78
Where did it happen?

Answer these questions to determine where the crime was committed!
1. Simplify 11x 3 (2 x 7 5 x 4 )
a. 77x14
(In the Theater Room)
b. 22 x + 55 x
c. 22 x10 55 x 7
(In the Foyer)

(Not in the Foyer)
d. 22 x 21 55 x12
(On the Sundeck)
10
2. Simplify 0.6 xy + 0.18 yx

a. 0.78xy
(Not on the Sundeck)
b. 0.78xy 2
(Not in the Florida Room)
c. 0.108xy
d. 0.108xy
(Not in the Master Office)

2
(Not in the Guest House)
3. Simplify (3 x + 5) + ( x 2)
a. 4 x 2 + 3
b. 4 x 3
(Not in the Guest House)

(In the Foyer)
c. 3 x 2 10
d. 4 x + 3
(In the Master Office)

(Not the Theater Room)
4. Simplify (2 x 2 + 5) + (7 x 2 + 3 x 11)
a. 5 x 2 + 3 x 6
(Not in the Master Office)
b. 9 x + 3 x 6
c. 5 x 2 + 8 x 11

(In the Florida Room)
d. 9 x 2 + 8 x 11
Valencia College
79
What was the weapon?

Answer these questions to determine what was used to commit the crime!
1. John bought yard of fabric at $4 per yard. How much did he spend?
a.
b.
c.
d.
$5.20
$1.56
$2.50
$10.00
(The Saber)
(Not the Rifle)
(Not the Hammer)
(The Rifle)
2. Evaluate x 4 x 3 when x = 2.
a. 8
(The Hammer)
b. 24
(Not the Compression Band)
c. -8
(Not the Hammer)
d. -24
(The Compression Band)
3. Find the area of a triangle with base inches and height inches.
a.
b.
c.
d.
sq. in.
sq. in.
sq. in.
sq. in.
(Not the Saber)

(The Rifle)
(The Cake Plate)
(Not the Rifle)
4. A hotel room costs $50.00 with a 9.2% tax. What is the total cost of the room?
a. $104.40
(The Martini Shaker)
b. $54.60
(Not the Martini Shaker)
c. $23.40
(Not the Compression Band)
d. $75.66
(The Saber)
Valencia College
80
Who? With What? Where?

Answer these questions LAST to finish!
1. The perimeter of a fence is 48 meters. If the width is two meters less than the length, then
find the width.
a. 25 meters
(Not Bishop Smith)
b. 9 meters
(Not Major Watts)
c. 13 meters
(Not Prof. Bloom)
d. 11 meters
(Not Mrs. Court)
2. Evaluate 5 + 3 7 + 4 4 3
4
a.
(In the Foyer)
3
b. 4
c. -1
d. -2
(In the Florida Room)
3. You are 200 miles from home. If R represents your speed, then write an expression that will
determine the amount of time needed to get home.
a. 200 +
(With the Compression Band)
b. 200
(Not with the Saber)
c.
d.
200
200
Valencia College
(With the Cake Plate)

(With the Saber)
81
Final Exam Review Game

Instructions
1) Roll the die to determine who goes first. The player rolling the highest number
plays first. Play moves counterclockwise.
2) The student who is to play second reads a question from the cards to the first
player.
a. If the question is answered correctly, then Player 1 rolls the die and moves
his or her marker the resulting number of spaces forward on the playing
board.
b. Player 1 then tries to get bonus spaces by rolling the die a second time. If
the number on the die matches the number on the playing board where the
players game piece rests, then Player 1 moves the marker ahead that many
spaces.
c. If the question is answered incorrectly, then it is Player 2s turn.
3) Player 3 next reads the question to Player 2. Play continues in this manner until
one player reaches the finish.
4) To finish, the player must roll the number that exactly matches the number of
spaces left to make it to the finish circle.
5) Place the used cards (questions) on the bottom of the stack.
6) LOSE A TURN: Leave the marker on the Lose a Turn space and the player
loses his or her next turn.
7) MOVE AHEAD 3 SPACES: If the marker ends up here, the player can
automatically move ahead 3 spaces right away.
If a player gives the wrong answer, he or she should be shown the correct answer.
Players are encouraged to discuss the right answer and how it is obtained.
Valencia College
82
LOSE
A
TURN
MOVE
AHEAD
3
SPACES
LOSE
A
TURN
FINISH
6
MOVE
AHEAD
3
SPACES
LOSE
A
TURN
START
2
1
1
3
4
6
2
MOVE
AHEAD
3
SPACES
Valencia College
6
3
MOVE
AHEAD
3
SPACES
LOSE
A
TURN
1
4
3
6
83
T RANSLATING KEY WORDS AND PHRASES INTO ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

The table below lists some key words and phrases that are used to describe common mathematical operations. To write
algebraic expressions and equations, assign a variable to represent the unknown number. In the table below, the letter
x is used to represent the unknown. In translation problems, the words sum, total, difference, product and quotient
imply at least two parts use parentheses when a sum or difference is multiplied. For example, the phrase "the sum of
three times a number and five" translates to "3x + 5," while the phrase "three times the sum of a number and five"
translates to "3(x + 5)."
OPERATION
KEY WORD/PHRASE
EXAMPLE
Addition ( + )
plus
A number plus three
more than
Ten more than a number
the sum of
The sum of a number and five
x+5
the total of
The total of six and some number
6+x
increased by
A number increased by two
x+2
added to
Eleven added to a number
x + 11
minus
A number minus seven
X7
less than
Four less than a number
X4
the difference of
The difference of a number and three
X3
less
Nine less a number
9X
decreased by
A number decreased by twelve
subtracted from
Six subtracted from a number
times
Eight times a number
8x
the product of
The product of fourteen and a number
14x
twice; double
Twice a number; double a number
2x
multiplied by
A number multiplied by negative six
6x
of
Three fourths of a number
Subtraction (
Multiplication ( )
T RANSLATION
x+3
x + 10
X 12
X6
Division ( )
Powers ( xn )
Equals ( = )
Valencia College
x
7
10
x
x
15
the quotient of
The quotient of a number and seven
divided by
Ten divided by a number
the ratio of
The ratio of a number to fifteen
the square of;

squared
The square of a number; a number squared
x2
the cube of; cubed
The cube of a number; a number cubed
x3
equals
Seven less than a number equals ten.
x 7 = 10
is
Three times a number is negative six.
3x = 6
is the same as
Eight is the same as twice a number.
8 = 2x
yields
Twelve added to a number yields five.
x + 12 = 5
amounts to
Nine less a number amounts to twenty.
9 x = 20
84
pecialized
P A
rep
rea
Who can use:
Any prep math student.
Where:
Building 4 (downstairs library) - Room 102
When
Fall and Spring Hours

Monday - Thursday:
Friday:
Saturday:
8AM to 10PM
8AM to 5PM
8AM to 4PM
Summer Hours
Monday - Thursday:
Friday:
Saturday:
Website:
7AM to 10PM
7AM to 12PM
8AM to 2PM
www.valenciacollege.edu/east/academicsuccess/spa/
Facebook:
www.facebook.com/valencia.spa
Bring your Valencia ID for a quick and easy sign-in experience each time you
visit. Upon signing out, we will record your time spent in the SPA. This
information will be made available for your instructor.
Workshops will be held throughout the semester reviewing specific topics
covered in the prep math courses. Please check the website and flyers posted
around campus.
Overall Success Rate in East Campus Developmental Math Courses Based on
Student Number of Visits to the SPA
76%
80%
70%
60%
50%
58%
62%
63%
35
69
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
0
Valencia College
12
>10
85

MAT0018C - Instructor

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Lab Manual for MAT0018C

Topic (Learning Outcomes)

The Sieve of Eratosthenes

MATHEMATICS COMPETENCIES LOWER

Perform order of operations including absolute values

Evaluate exponents with whole numbers

Perform operations with integers (with applications)

Perform operations with fractions (with applications)

Decimals & Percent

Perform operations with decimals (with applications)

Decimals & Percent

Convert among percent, fractions, and decimals

Compare magnitude of real numbers

Classify sets of numbers

Identify and apply the properties of real numbers

Identify place value and round whole numbers

Write the prime factorization of a number

Evaluate exponents with integers

Evaluate absolute value expressions

Identify place value and round decimals

Decimals & Percent

Solve percent equations with applications

Convert units of measurement within same measurement system

Define variables and write an expression to represent a quantity in a problem

Simplify algebraic expressions involving one variable (2x + 5x)

Evaluate algebraic expressions (e.g., find value of 3x when x=2)

Solve formulas with given values

Graph an inequality on a number line

Don't let the decimal point get lost!!!

Note: Each decimal point is in a box by itself.

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

Million Dollar Ransom

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

The volume of a rectangular solid is given by:

Volume Length Width Height

How many $20 bills are in one million dollars?

3617 cubic inches

volume of the attach case to compare.

Volume of attach is 1260 cubic inches. No, the money would

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

How much shade can you get from a box?

7.3 inch square

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

Instructor Information Sheet

Matching Triangles Game!

8 sets of Percentage Fraction Triangles.

Rules of the game:

Group with the highest score.

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

Credit Card Headaches

PAYMENT DUE DATE:

MINIMUM PAYMENT DUE:

MINIMUM BANK PRINCIPAL PAYMENT %

Payment made ($)

Interest paid ($)

Scenario 2: Pay the minimum amount.

Payment made ($)

Interest paid ($)

MAT0018C - Instructor's Manual

Total amount paid

Amount balance is reduced by

PAYMENT DUE DATE:

MINIMUM PAYMENT DUE: