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DTM
Feature Parameter Description
Notice
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recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
GSM BSS
DTM
Contents
Contents
1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2 Intended Audience ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 Change History.............................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.4 Document Issues........................................................................................................................... 1-1
2 Overview .....................................................................................................................................2-1
3 Technical Description ..............................................................................................................3-1
3.1 Channel Operation Mode .............................................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 DTM Multislot Capability................................................................................................................ 3-1
3.3 Channel Allocation ........................................................................................................................ 3-3
3.4 Using the Main DCCH to Transmit GPRS Signaling in Dedicated Mode...................................... 3-5
3.5 DTM Services................................................................................................................................ 3-6
4 Engineering Guidelines...........................................................................................................4-1
5 Parameters .................................................................................................................................5-1
6 Counters......................................................................................................................................6-1
7 Glossary ......................................................................................................................................7-1
8 Reference Documents .............................................................................................................8-1
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GSM BSS
DTM
1 Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Scope
This document describes the definition of dual transfer mode (DTM), channel operation modes, and
DTM multislot capability. It also describes the signaling and service bearers in different modes. Based on
the evolution of the DTM technology, this document details the channel allocation corresponding to
different DTM multislot classes.
The feature involved is GBFD-114151 DTM.
Feature change
Feature change refers to the change in the DTM feature of a specific product version.
Editorial change
Editorial change refers to the change in wording or the addition of the information that was not
described in the earlier version.
Document Issues
The document issues are as follows:
z
01 (2010-06-30)
Draft (2010-03-30)
01 (2010-6-30)
This is the first release of GBSS12.0.
Compared with issue Draft (2010-03-30) of GBSS12.0, issue 01 (2010-06-30) of GBSS12.0 incorporates
the changes described in the following table.
Change Type Change Description
Parameter Change
Feature
change
None.
None.
Editorial
change
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
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GSM BSS
DTM
1 Introduction
Draft (2010-03-30)
This is the draft release of GBSS12.0.
Issue 01 (2010-06-30)
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DTM
2 Overview
2 Overview
With the development of networks, the profit growth point of the operators is turning towards data
services. The simultaneous handling of speech service and data service becomes a new demand.
Generally, only the class A MS with complex hardware supports speech service and data service
simultaneously. However, few manufacturers can provide the class A MS due to its complexity. As
defined in 3GPP Technical Specifications, DTM is used to implement simplified class A operation for an
MS, that is, to support simultaneous speech service and data service. After DTM is enabled, the
subscribers can send images or browse web pages during a call.
In a 3G network, the speech and data services are processed in parallel. In this sense, DTM enables the
GSM subscribers to enjoy the services similar to those provided by the 3G network. In addition, the 2G
network can complement the 3G network in terms of coverage. After DTM is enabled, the following
applications can be introduced to create new revenue streams for GSM operators:
z
Videophone
Subscribers can enjoy uninterrupted data services during a speech service through the Guaranteed
Bit Rate (GBR).
Based on the multislot capability of the MS in DTM, the network can allocate different PDCHs on the
uplink or downlink to meet different bandwidth requirements. The DTM multislot classes of an MS are
classes 5, 6, 9, 10, 11, 31-33, 36-38, and 41-44. DTM can be further classified into the following types:
z
DTM
An MS supports at least class 5 DTM.
Class11 DTM
Compared with DTM, class 11 DTM doubles the uplink bandwidth of data services. It is mainly
applicable to the uplink preferred services.
HMC DTM
Compared with DTM, High Multislot Class (HMC) DTM further improves the uplink and downlink
bandwidth of data services.
Due to the coexistence of CS and PS services, the requirements for measurement at the physical layer
(such as the measurement of timing advance and signal quality) are different. Currently, the CS
measurement report is considered.
The BSC indicates whether the network supports DTM in system information type 6 (SI6) and SI13. The
MS indicates whether it supports DTM in the information elements Classmark 3 and Radio Access
Capability.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
3.1 Channel Operation Mode
To perform the CS and PS services simultaneously, two channel operation modes are defined in the
protocol: single slot operation and multislot operation.
In DTM single slot operation, the MS is assigned a timeslot for both the CS service and the PS service.
The channel combination TCH/H+PDCH/H is recommended in the 3GPP TS 23.060. In this channel
combination mode, the TCH/H must support AMR speech codec, and the PDCH/H is exclusively used
by an MS on the uplink and downlink. A suitable channel can be provided more easily in single slot
operation than in multislot operation.
In DTM multislot operation, the CS and PS services are transmitted on different timeslots. The DTM
multislot capability of an MS determines the number of PDCHs that can be used by the MS. The channel
combination mode recommended by the 3GPP TS 23.060 is TCH/H+PDCH/F or TCH/F+PDCH/F. The
data of multiple MSs can be multiplexed on the PDCH/F but cannot be multiplexed on the PDCH/H. For
channel allocation in DTM multislot operation, the DTM multislot capability of an MS must be considered.
Generally, the TCH is allocated first, and then PDCHs adjacent to the TCH are allocated.
Maximum Number
of Concurrent
Uplink and
Downlink Timeslots
31
32
33
For an MS of multislot class 32 or 33, the extended dynamic allocation (EDA) function must be enabled if
the MS requires more than two PDCHs on the uplink.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
EDA is based on dynamic allocation on the uplink. It enables more uplink timeslots to be allocated to an MS and thus
increases the uplink throughput. After the EDA function is enabled, the network allocates multiple uplink timeslots to an
MS, and the MS listens to all the PDCHs corresponding to the allocated timeslots. If the MS detects that an uplink state
flag (USF) is allocated to itself on an allocated PDCH, the MS can use the uplink blocks corresponding to this PDCH and
other allocated PDCHs with larger timeslot numbers. After the EDA function is enabled, a maximum of four uplink PDCHs
can be allocated to a single MS. For details about EDA and uplink dynamic allocation, see Extended Dynamic Allocation
Mode and Dynamic Allocation Mode respectively.
To reduce the length of the coding, incremental support is defined in the protocol, that is, an MS that
supports a certain multislot class should support the less restrictive DTM multislot classes. Figure 3-1
shows the maximum number of timeslots for DTM multislot classes 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. The blue parts
indicate the DTM multislot classes, and the arrow indicates the compatibility direction. For example, if an
MS supports class 11, the MS can support classes 10, 9, 6, and 5.
Figure 3-1 Incremental support of DTM multislot classes
Class
Rx+Tx=Sum
Class3
Class5
Class7
2+2=3
2+2=4
3+3=4
Class1
Class2
Class6
Class11
1+1=2
2+1=3
3+2=4
4+3=5
Class4
Class9
Class10
3+1=4
3+2=5
4+2=5
Class8
4+1=5
To provide higher data rates for PS services in DTM, the 3GPP defines the HMC DTM. Figure 3-2 shows
the maximum timeslot configuration in HMC DTM. Huawei BSC supports HMC DTM classes 31-33.
An HMC DTM-capable MS also uses incremental support and supports the DTM multislot classes. For
example, an MS of multislot class 33 supports the channel combination for multislot classes 32, 31, 11, 9,
and 5.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
Class44
Rx+Tx=Sum
6+5=7
Class33 or 38
Class43
5+4=6
6+4=7
Class11
Class32 or 37
Class42
4+3=5
5+3=6
6+3=7
Class5
Class9
Class31 or 36
Class41
2+2=4
3+2=5
5+2=6
6+2=7
When all the other conditions are met, a TCH adjacent to the PDCH is preferably allocated.
DTM
When SUPPORTDTM is set to Support, the BSC supports multislot classes 5, 6, 9, and 10. Multislot
classes 6 and 10 are treated exactly as DTM multislot classes 5 and 9 respectively. Higher multislot
classes are treated exactly as DTM multislot class 9. For an MS of DTM multislot class 5, the BSC
allocates a maximum of two channels on the uplink or downlink, that is, TCH + 1 PDCH (uplink) + 1
PDCH (downlink). For an MS of DTM multislot class 9, the BSC allocates a maximum of three channels
on the downlink, that is, TCH + 1 PDCH (uplink) + 2 PDCHs (downlink). Regardless of the multislot
capability of an MS, the BSC allocates only one PDCH on the uplink for the MS. Figure 3-3 shows the
channel allocation.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
PS
CS
PS
CS
PS
PS
CS
Downlink
CS
PS
PS
CS
Uplink
CS
PS
PS
CS
Downlink
CS
PS
PS
CS
PS
Class 5
Uplink Class 9
TCH/H or TCH/F
PDCH/F
PS
CS
PS
CS
Downlink Class 11
PS
CS
TCH/H or TCH/F
PS
PDCH/F
Uplink
Uplink preferred
service
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DTM
3 Technical Description
PS
CS
PS
CS
PS
CS
TCH/H or TCH/F
PS
PDCH/F
PS
PS
CS
PS
Downlink
CS
PS
Uplink
CS
PS
CS
PS
PS
Classes 31- 33
Downlink preferred
service
PS
Downlink Class 33
Uplink preferred
service
Uplink
In the uplink, the LLC PDU is inserted in a new Layer 3 message. This Layer 3 message containing
the protocol identifier GPRS Transparent Transport Protocol (GTTP) is sent to the BSC on the main
DCCH, with the existing Layer 2 mechanisms. The BSC extracts the Temporary Logical Link Identity
(TLLI) and the LLC PDU, which are then encapsulated into a BSSGP UL-UNITDATA.
In the downlink, when receiving a BSSGP PDU, the BSC can identify whether the PDU contains
signaling information. If the length of the LLC PDU meets the requirements and the BSC has an RR
connection to the addressed MS with the International Mobile Station Identification Code (IMSI), the
GPRS signaling is sent on the main DCCH.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
Figure 3-6 Using the main DCCH to transmit GPRS signaling in dedicated mode
Msq
Msq
LLC PDU
LLC PDU
GMM/SM
GMM/SM
LLC
RR/GTTP
L2
LLC
LLC PDU
Relay
GTTP PDU
L2
L2
GSM RF
MS
BSSGP PDU
RR/GTTP
BSSGP
BSSGP
L2
NS
NS
GSM RF
L1 bis
L1 bis
BSS
SGSN
The restrictions on using the main DCCH to transmit GPRS signaling in dedicated mode are as follows:
z
The main DCCH can transmit the GPRS signaling, but not the GPRS data.
The number of LAPDm frames disassembled from the GPRS signaling message must be smaller than
a certain value specified by the network. The value is determined by the MAX_LAPDm in SI6.
MAX_LAPDm has three bits and its value ranges from 5 to 12. By default, MAX_LAPDm is 5.
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DTM
3 Technical Description
Packet
transfer
Dedicated
RR
establishment
TBF(s)
released
RR
release
Packet
access
Idle/
Packet idle
Class B
DTM Establishment
Uplink PS Establishment in Dedicated Mode
In dedicated mode, if the BSS and MS support DTM, the MS can send the DTM Request message on
the main DCCH to establish the uplink PS connection. If the BSS need not re-allocate CS resources (the
original TCHs can be used to carry speech in DTM), it sends a Packet Assignment message to allocate
PS resources to the MS.
Figure 3-8 Uplink PS establishment in dedicated mode without reallocating CS resources
MS
BSS
MSC
SGSN
CS dedicated mode
[Old main DCCH]
[Old main DCCH]
DTM Request
Packet Assignment
[Uplink TBF]
RLC block(s)
UL- Unitdata
If the BSS needs to reallocate the CS resources when allocating PS resources (DTM channel allocation
is not appropriate due to existing channel distribution), the BSS sends a DTM Assignment Command
message on the main DCCH to the MS after reallocating the CS resources. If the MS successfully
establishes the new CS connection, it sends an Assignment Complete message on the new main DCCH.
If the MS fails to establish the new CS connection, it sends an Assignment Failure message on the old
main DCCH.
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GSM BSS
DTM
3 Technical Description
BSS
MSC
SGSN
CS dedicated mode
DTM Request
Assignment Complete
RLC block(s)
[Uplink TBF]
UL- Unitdata
BSS
MSC
SGSN
CS dedicated mode
DL - Unitdata
Packet Assignment
RLC block(s)
If the MS is in dedicated mode and GMM standby state, the BSS sends a Packet Notification message
on the main DCCH to the MS after receiving the packet paging from the SGSN. The MS sends an LLC
frame as a response to the packet paging. The SGSN starts to send the downlink information after
receiving the paging response from the MS.
Figure 3-11 Downlink PS establishment in dedicated mode and GMM standby state
MS
BSS
MSC
SGSN
CS dedicated mode
Paging PS
Packet Notification
DTM Request
Packet Assignment
LLC frame
DL - Unitdata
Packet Assignment
RLC block(s)
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DTM
3 Technical Description
In packet transfer mode, either the MS or the network may initiate a CS connection establishment. In
both cases, the packet session must be aborted before the establishment of the CS connection is
initiated. The PS connection is then established through the main DCCH of the CS resources.
DTM Release
In DTM, if the CS connection is released, the MS must abandon the PS resources.
In the duration of CS services in DTM, if the last TBF is released for an MS, the MS enters the dedicated
mode.
Handover in DTM
The decision on when to change the serving cell of a DTM MS is made through the CS measurement
report. The handover of the CS call and the cell change for the PS transfer must be performed at the
same time. If the DTM handover is not supported, CS handovers may disrupt PS services.
In an intra-cell handover, the MS leaves the DTM, enters the dedicated mode on the new CS resource,
and may then enter the DTM again. In an inter-cell handover, the MS leaves DTM, enters the dedicated
mode in the new cell, reads the system information messages sent on the SACCH, and may then make
a cell or RA update and enter the DTM again in the new cell.
In DTM, to maintain the continuity of CS and PS services and to protect PS services from disruption, CS
handovers are not initiated generally, except for forced handovers, emergency handovers, and
fast-moving handovers.
When an MS is in packet transfer mode, the BSC can send the CS Paging message on the PACCH
even if the Network Operation Mode parameter is set to Network Operation Mode II or Network
Operation Mode III. Thus, the MS does not miss any CS Paging message.
When an MS is in dedicated mode and the system supports DTM, the BSC sends the Packet
Notification message on the main DCCH after receiving the PS Paging message. Thus, the MS does
not miss any PS Paging message.
If a DTM capable MS is in dedicated mode, it can perform cell update, RA update, and location area (LA)
update on the main DCCH so that the load of packet resources is reduced. If LLC PDUs cannot be
transmitted on the main DCCH, they are transmitted on TBFs.
If a DTM-capable MS is in idle mode, it can perform the combined RA and LA update in Network
Operation Mode I when moving from one LA to another. In Network Operation Mode II or Network
Operation Mode III, the MS can perform the parallel LA and RA updates. If the RA update is completed
first, both the LA update and RA update are performed on the main DCCH because the main DCCH is
not released. If the LA update is completed first, the RA Update Accept message needs to be transmitted
on the downlink TBF to be established because the main DCCH is released.
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DTM
4 Engineering Guidelines
4 Engineering Guidelines
Parameter Settings
After a cell is enabled with DTM, it is recommended that the early classmark sending control (ECSC) be
set to Yes.
Function Limitations
Currently, the following functions associated with DTM are not supported:
z
DTM handover
DTM requires the support of the BSC, MS, MSC, and SGSN. In addition, the MSC must support the
COMMON ID message.
DTM is used in built-in PCU configuration mode rather than in external PCU configuration mode.
In an extended cell, DTM is not supported due to the limitation of the MS multislot capability.
In DTM, NC2 is not supported because GPRS measurement reports are not reported.
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DTM
5 Parameters
5 Parameters
Table 5-1 Parameter description
Parameter ID NE
MML Command
SUPPORTDTM BSC6900SET
GCELLGPRS(Optional)
Description
Meaning: Whether to support dual transfer mode
(DTM). The DTM allows an MS to use the circuit
switching service and the packet switching
service at the same time. This function must be
supported by the network side.
If "Cell Extension Type" in the "ADD GCELL"
command or "MOD GCELL" command is set to
Double Timeslot Extension Cell for a cell, the
parameter cannot be set to "SUPPORT".
GUI Value Range: UNSUPPORT(Not Support),
SUPPORT(Support)
Actual Value Range: UNSUPPORT, SUPPORT
Unit: None
Default Value: UNSUPPORT
CLASS11DTM BSC6900SET
GCELLGPRS(Optional)
HMCDTM
BSC6900SET
GCELLGPRS(Optional)
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GSM BSS
DTM
NMO
ECSC
5 Parameters
BSC6900SET
Meaning: This parameter is related to the paging
GCELLPSBASE(Optional) channel of the system. There are three network
operation modes: network operation mode I,
network operation mode II, and network
operation mode III. Network operation mode I is
used when the system is configured with the Gs
interface. Network operation mode II is used
when the system is not configured with the Gs
interface and the PCCCH is not configured.
Network operation mode III is used when the
system is not configured with the Gs interface
and the PCCCH is configured.
GUI Value Range: NMOI(Network Operation
Mode I), NMOII(Network Operation Mode II),
NMOIII(Network Operation Mode III)
Actual Value Range: NMOI, NMOII, NMOIII
Unit: None
Default Value: NMOII
BSC6900SET
Meaning: The early classmark sending control
GCELLCCBASIC(Optional) (ECSC) parameter specifies whether the MSs in
a cell use early classmark sending. After a
successful immediate assignment, the MS
sends additional classmark information to the
network as early as possible. The additional
classmark information mainly contains the CM3
(classmark 3) information. The CM3 (classmark
3) information contains the frequency band
support capability of the MS (used for the future
channel assignment), power information about
each frequency band supported by the MS
(used for the handover between different
frequency bands), and encryption capability of
the MS.
GUI Value Range: NO(No), YES(Yes)
Actual Value Range: NO, YES
Unit: None
Default Value: YES
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GSM BSS
DTM
6 Counters
6 Counters
For the counters, see the BSC6900 GSM Performance Counter Reference.
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GSM BSS
DTM
7 Glossary
7 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see the Glossary.
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DTM
8 Reference Documents
8 Reference Documents
[1] 3GPP TS 43.055
[3] 3GPP TS 44.060 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Mobile Station (MS) - Base Station
System (BSS) interface; Radio Link Control / Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC) protocol
[4] 3GPP TS
45.002
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