Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #4
Venipuncture using Syringe Method
Study Questions
1. What are the indications for the use of syringe method?

2. What are the basic parts of a syringe system?

3. Enumerate at least 5 precautionary measures or reminders on the use of syringe system

for blood sample collection.

Illustrations:

Step by step procedure on syringe method

Parts of syringe with proper label

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #5
Plasma and Serum Preparation
Side Questions:
1. In tabulated form, differentiate serum from plasma.

Points of

Serum

Plasma

Differentiation

2. Why is it necessary to separate the serum or plasma from the clot or packed cells
immediately after centrifugation? Justify.

3. Enumerate the different blood anticoagulants and indicate their functions, compositions
and desired concentrations for used.

Anticoagulants

Functions

Concentrations

Compositions

4. Justify why serum is preferred than plasma in clinical chemistry determinations?

5. What measures should be taken to avoid hemolysis and turbidity of blood sample.

Illustrations:
Make a representative drawing of the procedural steps in serum preparation and
label each illustration.

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #6
Blood Glucose Determination
Study Questions
1. What are the different classes of Carbohydrates? Differentiate each.

2. Discuss the dietary intake and digestion of carbohydrates.

3. Trace and explain the absorption and metabolism of carbohydrates.

4. Define HORMONE. Enumerate and correlate how these different hormones directly and
indirectly affects glucose metabolism (anabolic and catabolic hormones).

5. Enumerate and explain the different tests/specimen for blood glucose determination.

6. Differentiate enzymatic and non-enzymatic method of glucose determination. Give

example for each.

7. Explain the principle of Glucose oxidase and Hexokinase methods of glucose

determination.

8. Differentiate comprehensively Diabetes mellitus type I from type II.

9. Explain Glycosylated Hemoglobin and its clinical importance.

10. What is the conversion factor of glucose? Give the normal value in conventional and SI
units for glucose.

Illustrations:

End color of Glucose sample

Diagram of processes necessary for glucose regulation

Spectrophotometric analysis of glucose

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #7
Blood Urea Nitrogen Determination
Study Questions
1. What diseases are associated with increased and decreased of BUN level?

2. What are the different methods of BUN determination? Give the principle involved.

3. Trace the formation of Urea.

4. Explain the UREASE method of BUN determination.

Illustrations:

End color of BUN determination

Pipetting techniques during BUN determination

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #8
Blood Uric Acid Determination
Study Questions
1. What diseases are associated with increased and decreased of BUA level?

2. What are the different methods of BUA determination? Give the principle involved.

3. Trace the formation of Uric acid.

4. Explain the URICASE method of BUA determination.

Illustrations:

End color of BUA determination

Spectrophotometric analysis of BUA determination

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #9
Blood Creatinine Determination
Study Questions
1. What diseases are associated with increased and decreased in creatinine level?

2. Trace the formation of creatinine in the body.

3. How important is creatinine determination in the diagnosis of kidney diseases?

4. What is a clearance test? How is it done?

Illustrations:

End color of creatinine determination

Reagent Preparation

Pipetting of samples

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #10
Blood Cholesterol Determination
Study Questions
1. Explain the various importance of cholesterol in the body.

2. Describe the mechanism of cholesterol synthesis and regulation.

3. Explain the diseases associated with abnormal levels of cholesterol in blood.

4. Enumerate and explain the different methods of cholesterol determination.

Illustrations:

End color of Cholesterol sample

Spectrophotometric analysis of cholesterol determination

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #11
Blood Triglyceride Determination
Study Questions
1. What are the different factors that affect blood Triglyceride levels.

2. Explain Triglyceride regulation and maintenance in the body.

3. What are the different methods of Triglyceride determination and explain the
corresponding principle.

4. Enumerate patient preparation or measures in the collection and handling of

Triglyceride.

Illustrations:

Sample collection

Pipetting of samples during TAG determination

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #12
Blood Total Protein Determination
Study Questions
1. What diseases are associated with abnormal protein levels?

2. Explain the importance and function of proteins in the body.

3. How are the proteins regulated and maintained in the body?

4. What are the different methods of protein determination and explain the principles
behind these tests?

5. What are the fractions of proteins? How are proteins fractionated?

Illustrations:

End color of total protein determination

Serum preparation

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #13
Albumin Determination
Study Questions
1. What are the diseases associated with abnormal blood albumin level?

2. Explain the regulation and maintenance of blood albumin.

3. What are the different tests for albumin determination? Explain the principle behind
these tests.

4. Explain the importance of Albumin in the body.

Illustrations:

End color of Albumin determination

Spectrophotometric analysis of Albumin

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #14
Total Bilirubin Determination
Study Questions
1. Trace the breakdown of red blood cells and subsequent formation of bilirubin.

2. Correlate the diseases associated with abnormal levels of bilirubin.

3. To identify the tests associated with bilirubin determination and the principles behind
these tests.

Illustrations:

End color of Bilirubin determination

Sample Collection

Cajipe, Jean Mikee P.

CC1

Prof. Jillian Raquid

Activity #15
Direct and Indirect Bilirubin Determination
Study Questions
1. How is the value of indirect bilirubin derived?

2. In tabulated form, differentiate Direct and Indirect Bilirubin.

3. In tabulated form, differentiate the various methods of bilirubin determination.

Illustrations:

End color of Direct Bilirubin determination

Pipetting techniques