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WEIGHTS
Polymers are mixtures of molecules of different
molecular weight. Why?
A typical polymer sample contains a multitude of
individual molecular chains, many of which may
have widely differing molecular weights.
Definitions
Number average MW (
MN
Ni M i
=
Ni
Weight average MW
MW
MN
MW
Ci M i
=
Ci
Ni M i
M =
-1
Ni M i
===>
MN
=2
===>
MW
=3
===>
MZ
=4
===>
MZ+1
Example:
Consider a polymer sample for which 99% of the
weight is composed of material with MW=20,000 and
the remaining 1% of MW = 109
Then:
MN = 20,200
MW = 107
MZ = 109
Obviously, MW and MZ must be used with care in
such an instance
High MW portion ===> microgel
MW and MZ emphasize the high MW portion of the
distribution to a greater extent than does MN
j = qi M i
where
j
Mi =
qi
M N MW M Z
The equality occurs only if all the species have
the same MW (monodisperse polymer)
Polydispersity index :
PDI = M W
MN
PDI = M W - 1
MN
Not a sound statistical measure of the distribution
breadth
MN
= MW - 1
MN
w = MZ - 1
2
MW
MW
= w2 = 0
and
M N = MW = M Z
and
PDI = 1
Anionic polystyrenes:
PDI = 1.04
assumed monodisperse; calibration standards