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Bluetooth Smart is the intelligent, power-friendly version of Bluetooth wireless technology. While the power-efficiency
of Bluetooth Smart makes it perfect for devices needing to run off a tiny battery for long periods, the magic of
Bluetooth Smart is its ability to work with an application on the smartphone or tablet you already own. Bluetooth
Smart makes it easy for developers and OEMs to create solutions that will work with the billions of Bluetooth enabled
products already in the market today. Learn more about the technology behind Bluetooth Smart.
Multi-vendor interoperability
Enhanced range
This enhancement to the Bluetooth Core Specification allows two types of implementation, dual-mode and
single-mode. In a dual-mode implementation, Bluetooth low energy functionality is integrated into an existing
Classic Bluetooth controller. The resulting architecture shares much of Classic Bluetooth technology's
existing radio and functionality resulting in a minimal cost increase compared to Classic Bluetooth
technology. Additionally, manufacturers can use current Classic Bluetooth technology (Bluetooth v2.1 + EDR
or Bluetooth v3.0 + HS) chips with the new low energy stack, enhancing the development of Classic
Bluetooth enabled devices with new capabilities.
Single-mode chips, which will enable highly integrated and compact devices, will feature a lightweight Link
Layer providing ultra-low power idle mode operation, simple device discovery, and reliable point-to-multipoint
data transfer with advanced power-save and secure encrypted connections at the lowest possible cost. The
Link Layer in these controllers will enable Internet connected sensors to schedule Bluetooth low energy
traffic between Bluetooth transmissions.
Registered members of the Bluetooth SIG can access in-depth technical information about Bluetooth low
energy technology. (You must be on-line and logged in as a registered member of the SIG to access this
link). If you're not a member, register today .
Technical Details
Data Transfers Bluetooth Smart (low energy) supports very short data packets (8 octet minimum up to 27
octets maximum) that are transferred at 1 Mbps. All connections use advanced sniff-sub rating to achieve
ultra low duty cycles
Frequency Hopping Bluetooth Smart (low energy) uses the adaptive frequency hopping common to all
versions of Bluetooth technology to minimize interference from other technologies in the 2.4 GHz ISM Band.
Efficient multi-path benefits increase the link budgets and range
Host Control Bluetooth Smart (low energy) places a significant amount of intelligence in the controller,
which allows the host to sleep for longer periods of time and be woken up by the controller only when the
host needs to perform some action. This allows for the greatest current savings since the host is assumed to
consume more power than the controller
Latency - Bluetooth Smart (low energy) can support connection setup and data transfer as low as 3ms,
allowing an application to form a connection and then transfer authenticated data in few milliseconds for a
short communication burst before quickly tearing down the connection
Range Increased modulation index provides a possible range for Bluetooth Smart (low energy) of over 100
meters
Robustness Bluetooth Smart (low energy) uses a strong 24 bit CRC on all packets ensuring the maximum
robustness against interference
Strong Security Full AES-128 encryption using CCM to provide strong encryption and authentication of
data packets
Topology Bluetooth Smart (low energy) uses a 32 bit access address on every packet for each slave,
allowing billions of devices to be connected. The technology is optimized for one-to-one connections while
allowing one-to-many connections using a star topology.
scientific and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 to 2.485 GHz, using a spread spectrum, frequency hopping, fullduplex signal at a nominal rate of 1600 hops/sec.
A fundamental strength of Bluetooth wireless technology is the ability to simultaneously handle data and
voice transmissions. which provides users with a variety of innovative solutions such as hands-free headsets
for voice calls, printing and fax capabilities, and synchronization for PCs and mobile phones, just to name a
few.
The range of Bluetooth technology is application specific. The Core Specification mandates a minimum
range of 10 meters or 30 feet, but there is no set limit and manufacturers can tune their implementations to
provide the range needed to support the use cases for their solutions.
Spectrum
Bluetooth technology operates in the unlicensed industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 to 2.485
GHz, using a spread spectrum, frequency hopping, full-duplex signal at a nominal rate of 1600 hops/sec.
The 2.4 GHz ISM band is available and unlicensed in most countries.
Interference
Bluetooth technology's adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) capability was designed to reduce interference
between wireless technologies sharing the 2.4 GHz spectrum. AFH works within the spectrum to take
advantage of the available frequency. This is done by the technology detecting other devices in the
spectrum and avoiding the frequencies they are using. This adaptive hopping among 79 frequencies at 1
MHz intervals gives a high degree of interference immunity and also allows for more efficient transmission
within the spectrum. For users of Bluetooth technology this hopping provides greater performance even
when other technologies are being used along with Bluetooth technology.
Range
Range is application specific and although a minimum range is mandated by the Core Specification, there is
not a limit and manufacturers can tune their implementation to support the use case they are enabling.
Range may vary depending on class of radio used in an implementation:
Class 2 radios most commonly found in mobile devices have a range of 10 meters or 33 feet
Class 1 radios used primarily in industrial use cases have a range of 100 meters or 300 feet
Power
The most commonly used radio is Class 2 and uses 2.5 mW of power. Bluetooth technology is designed to
have very low power consumption. This is reinforced in the specification by allowing radios to be powered
down when inactive.
The Generic Alternate MAC/PHY in Version 3.0 HS enables the discovery of remote AMPs for high speed
devices and turns on the radio only when needed for data transfer giving a power optimization benefit as
well as aiding in the security of the radios.
Bluetooth low energy technology, optimized for devices requiring maximum battery life instead of a high
data transfer rate, consumes between 1/2 and 1/100 the power of classic Bluetooth technology.
Enhanced Power Control - Limited drop-outs are now a reality. The enhanced power control
of Bluetooth high speed makes power control faster and ensures limited drop-outs, reducing consumer
experience of impacts from power. Users are now less likely to lose a headset connectioneven when the
phone is in a coat pocket or deep inside a purse.
Lower Latency Rates - Unicast Connectionless Data improves the customer experience of speed by
lowering latency rates, sending small amounts of data more quickly.
For Developers
If you're an application developer or engineer creating software or devices with Bluetooth technology, then
check out the new Bluetooth Developer Portal . You'll find overviews of Bluetooth technology and
resources for developing products. There's something for everyone, whether you're a newcomer to
Bluetooth technology, smartphone app developer or experienced Bluetooth engineer.
Although this website is primarily for Bluetooth SIG members, you don't have to be a member to access any
of this valuable information. The section includes:
Product development information, including details about building, testing, and qualifying products
Technical Resources
Here are some additional technical resources to help you understand Bluetooth technology. Most of these
links require a Bluetooth SIG member user name and password:
Adopted Specifications
The guiding document for the development of Bluetooth Profile Specifications.
Assigned Numbers
A list of assigned numbers, codes and identifiers in the Bluetooth wireless standard.