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WATER FLOODING
This water flooding exercise is going to teach us how to develop a field-scale black oil reservoir
simulation model using CMG BUILDER and IMAX. We will analyze production data and also
discuss how to in-fill drill/schedule an injection well
Developing a Black Oil Model using BUILDER
Create a working directory somewhere on your disk and put the map files that accompany this
tutorial into this directory.
Starting CMG LAUNCHER
1. Start the CMG Launcher by using the icon on your desktop, or by going through the Start
menu and selecting Programs/CMG/Launcher.
2. Select menu item PROJECTS, then ADD PROJECT.
3. Browse for the directory where you stored the map files.
4. Call the project IOR.
5. Click OK to exit back to the Launcher.
6. You should now have this directory displayed.
Opening BUILDER
You can open BUILDER by double clicking on the appropriate icon in the LAUNCHER.
Choose: IMEX Simulator Field Units Single Porosity Starting date 2008-01-01 Click
OK twice.
15. Click on the Specify Property button (top middle of screen) to open the General Property
Specification spreadsheet as shown below.
Click OK.
20. Click the Calculate Property button and click on OK to populate the grid with top-ofstructure and grid thickness data (this operation is performed by BUILDER using the specified
map data to interpolate grid cell values).
21. Change the view from IJ-2D Areal to 3-D View (in the upper left corner!!).
FIGURE 9: Property Specification Spreadsheet with Grid Top, Thickness & Porosity
Specified
25. Repeat the above process for Permeability (i.e. similar to step #19), but select the map
permeability_input.bna.
26. Select Permeability J and right click in the Whole Grid box. Select EQUALSI then OK.
FIGURE 15: IMEX PVT Table with Values Generated using the Quick Black Oil Model
7. Close the PVT Table window.
8. The Component section should have a green check mark now.
Creating Relative Permeability Data
1. Click the Rock-Fluid tab in the tree view.
2. Double click on Rock Fluid Types in the tree view. A window will open. Click on the button
and select New Rock Type.
3. Copy and paste relative permeabilitys from excel file for water oil Table.
4. Change the relative perm table to liquid gas table and copy and paste the Krg and Krog from
excel file to the table.
5. Press Apply and then OK. Press OK again to get out of the Rock Types window. A table
containing the relative permeability curves will appear.
6. The Rock Fluid section should have a green check mark. Save the file at this time.
3. Select Water, Oil as the initial fluid in the reservoir to perform a Gravity-Capillary
Equilibrium Calculation.
4. Type the following values in the available fields:
4800 (psi implied) in the Reference Pressure window
9290 (ft implied) in the Reference Depth window
9500 (ft implied) in the Water-Oil Contact window
5. Leave the other boxes blank.
6. Click on Apply; then OK.
7. You should now be back in the main Builder window with all tabs showing a green
checkmark in the tree view, except for the Wells & Recurrent tab.
8. At this point it is advisable to save the data again by selecting File from the top menu and
Save As.
Creating Trajectories and Perforations
Once we have created the static model, we will now incorporate the trajectory and perforation
information into the model.
1. Click on Wells & Recurrent tab in the tree view. You already can see five wells.
3. Double-click on dates and a range of producing from the wells for 1 year.
4. Under the Well Tab at the top of the screen press the button and select Create
Trajectories from completions PERFs and type the zero elevation for all the wells.
5. Under the Well Tab at the top of the screen Press the button and select Trajectory
Perforation intervals then double click on read file and open PERFS_Feet.perf, for file
unit selection choose field. Press open.
6. Click on quick Perf Tab, on perforation status choose perforated and check all grid layers,
Press OK
7. Press Calculate MD values
8. Click the Apply and then OK
icon.
Figure 26
HOW TO CHANGE THE WELL OPERATION CONDITIONS
1. Drag and drop the project1.dat on the builder icon
2. Under well and recurrent tab; double-click on wells
3. Choose the well that you want to turn in injector
4. Under ID& Type, change the well to injector unweight
5. Go to the constraints and choose operate BHP and max value 14700 psi
6.
7. Scroll the date to the date that you want to start injecting water
8. Go to option tab and change the status of the well to open
9. Go to the guide rate and type 250 bbl/day of water injection Apply OK
Save the file as a new file for water injection
Figure 27
Go to your injector, click on the Options tab, and check the Status box and change it to SHUTIN
then click Apply.
Figure 29
Then scroll the date down to 2007-02-01, and once again, click on the Options tab, then change
the status to OPEN, then click Apply.
Figure 30
Now scroll the date to 2007-05-01, click on the Options tab, and change the status to SHUTIN.
Figure 31
If you look on the left hand side, the injector is initially shut in, then opened on 2007-02-01, and
then shut in again 90 days later on 2007-05-01.
Now, for the project you are required to develop a small-scale waterflooding. For a fixed time
period, you are required to compare the performance of one water injector, which may be a new
well or one of the producers, in terms of additional oil recovery. The location of the injector
could be critical so you may want to check the pressure and saturation profiles at the end of the
primary production prior to make any decision in regards to drill a new injection well or to
convert one of the producers into an injector.