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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Cuadradro
Javier Sols
Universidad Tcnica de Ambato
May 2015

Table of contents

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT
1.

Introduction..........................................................................................................................3

2.

Objectives.............................................................................................................................3

2.1

Objective General.............................................................................................................3

2.2

Specific objectives............................................................................................................3

3.

Methodology........................................................................................................................4

4.

Data Collection.....................................................................................................................4

5.

Data analysis........................................................................................................................4

6.

Variable results.....................................................................................................................6

7.

Conclusions..........................................................................................................................6

8.

Recommendations................................................................................................................6

9.

References............................................................................................................................8

Annexes.......................................................................................................................................9

TABLE OF PIE CHARTS

PIE CHART 1: DENOTATION.....................................................................................................................5
PIE CHART 2: EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND....................................................................................5
PIE CHART 3: GENDER.............................................................................................................................6
PIE CHART 4: DENOTATION...................................................................................................................13
PIE CHART 5: EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND..................................................................................14
PIE CHART 6: GENDER...........................................................................................................................14
PIE CHART 7: AGE...................................................................................................................................15

TABLES
TABLE 1: TABLE OF OBSERVATION.....................................................................................................10

CHARTS
CHART 1: DENOTATIONS........................................................................................................................13

1. Introduction

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Language is a process of free creation; its laws and principles are fixed, but the
manner in which the principles of generation are used is free and infinitely
varied. Even the interpretation and use of words involves a process of free
creation.
(Avram Noam Chomsky.)

This project has been developed with students from Technical University of
Ambato who are studying the same mayor which is accounting. Most of them have the
similar age and have the same educational background. The word that is going to be
analyzed is the word called cuadrar. This word is use several times and is
implemented in different context according to the circumstances such as: giving up,
satisfaction, arrangement, mocking, etc. As Chomsky the interpretation and use of the
words involves a process of free creation, so that the word cuadrar is use in this field
as expression that everything is fine or everything is going well. This word is very
famous around accountants and is used every day, forming part of its lexicon.
2. Objectives
2.1

Objective General

Determine in which situations is use the word cuadrar

2.2

Specific objectives

Identify the most common connotation of the word cuadrar

Identify if the field of the mayor influences in the use of the word cuadrar
3. Methodology

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

The methodology used in this project was the observation and interview of the students
in their own environment which was the faculty of accounting, especially to the students
who went to the library to do homework, research, etc. In order to be able to collect the
data, was necessary to create a chart with specific items where the data collected can be
processed easily. Next, it was essential to left students interact with each other freely
without interruptions in order to write down what they said. In this point they were not
notify about the project, until the necessary data was collect. After the data was collect,
the students who were selected were asking about their age and educational background
in order to depurate the data and made it valid or not. Additionally, they were asking
why they used such expressions because as investigator is important to know the
circumstances that motivate them the use of these expressions.
4. Data Collection
Population: 8 students
Place: Library FCA
Word subject of analysis: cuadradro
5. Data analysis
The result of the of the variable studied show that most of the students which are the
44% the word cuadrar to check things in order to make sure that everything they are
doing is going well or as they have planned. This use goes according of the proper use
of this word which is used by expert in this field as synonym of what they do is perfect.
Another important aspect of the use of this word is that students use it as alternative
expression of failure or giving up in the task they are doing represented by the 21%.
This function of this word in this context seems strength, however, if we analyze the
words that come before and after we can understand clearly the message that students
what to say and it is comprehended for the students who are nearby at that moment. On
the other hand, only the 2% include this expression at the moment of mocking,
wondering or hurrying their peers in the task they are doing.

Pie chart 1: Denotation

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

DENOTATION

2%
8%2%
21%
10%
10%
2%

GIVING UP

CHECK
RESULTS

HURRY UP

SATISFACTION

WONDERING

MOKING

PRAY

SURPRISE

44%

Author: Javier Solis

Date: 19/05/21

Another important aspect is that most of the students that use this word are
enrolled in 6th semester (38%) which means that they have been use this
word for more than 2 year. So that the word cuadrar seems to be as
common use and accepted at this level where anyone can notice the
different intention at the moment of speaking.

Pie chart 2: Educational Background

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
13%
38%

25%

3 SEMESTER
4 SEMESTER
5 SEMESTER
6 SMESTER

25%

Author: Javier Solis

6. Variable results

Date: 19/05/21

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Once the analysis was completed, the analysis if the variable is easier because the data
provided some important aspects such as the word cuadrar is use in this field of
accounting as common expression which function is understood according to the
circumstances, but only with the people who studied this field. Moreover, this word is
use mostly for women (38%) which are more conscious that men at the moment
according with the observation.
Pie chart 3: Gender

GENDER

Female

38%

Male

63%

Author: Javier Solis

Date: 19/05/21

7. Conclusions
The free environment let us know how people use the word cuadrar
The Word cuadrar is used for students who study accounting as a
mayor
Only people involve in this field an understand its meaning
It can be used with other expressions to show satisfaction, make
mocking, etc
Women are the most common users on this word
Students who are the higher levels tent to use this word most often

8. Recommendations
The use of the word is colloquial between accountants and it must be
respect the use
The word cuadrar will be continue using in this field for ages
Everybody should aware to know common colloquial words or
expressions of the order fields

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT
Data should be collected in the natural environment where the study
is going to take place

9. References
National Open University of Nigeria. School of Arts and Social Sciences. Introduction to Sociolinguistics.
[en linea] Disponible en:
http://www.nou.edu.ng/NOUN_OCL/pdf/pdf2/ENG%20355.pdf Pages 178
Spolsky, Bernard (2010). Sociolinguistics. Oxford University Press. Cdigo Biblioteca: (801= 20 S762)
Inventario (8644 ) Pages :128
Wardhaugh, Ronald (2010). An Introduction to Sociolinguistics (6th edition). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
[en linea]. Disponible en:
http://faculty.mu.edu.sa/public/uploads/1393439953.5135An_Introduction_to_Sociolinguistics__Blackwe
ll_Textbooks_in_Linguistics_.pdf Pages: 415

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Annexes

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Table 1: Table of observation

N

NAME

GENDER

AG
E

EDUACTIONAL
BACKGROUN
D

FUNCTION
PHASE

Bueno ah cuadramos para la prxima

GIVING UP

Betty
Guzmn

Male

20

Laura
Meja

Female

19

Si te cuadro con lo mo

x
x
X

Eso tiene que cuadrar con los auxiliares

Si no te cuadra algo ha de estar mal

Deja nomas si no cuadra aumntale por ah

Debe de cuadrar as no queramos

Dios mios porque no cuadra esta huevada

Cuadrado! Yo mismo tengo que hacer

Diego
Sols

Male

22

University
student
(6 semester)

Ni al profe le cuadro, por eso dijo revisaran

uno por uno

cuadrado o no cuadrado ah queda

Pero el choclo ese si cuadro el balance

Que le va a cuadrar, si ni sumar sabe

Ojal cuadre, si no ya valimos

4

Sofa
Lasluisa

Male

21

University
student
(5 semester)

as la suma de la resta para ver si cuadra

Esa informacin tiene que cuadrar con el

formulario de la super

No te cuadra por shunsho

Los dos balances a la final tienen que
cuadrar

PRAY SURPRISE

Cuadrado! Si dije que as era

University
student
(3 semester)

MOKIN
G

Apura cuadremos esta pendejada

Nada que cuadra

SATISFACTION WONDERING

Ya cuadraste el balance
University
student
(4 semester)

CHECK
HURRY UP
RESULTS

X
X

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Si no puedes cuadrar ya btateJajaja

si no nos cuadrada , solo pongamos el total

X
X

Ojal no se de cuenta que no esta cuadrado

Estefana
Snchez

Female

21

University
student
(6 semester)

Yo si cuadre, he puesto el 4 en ves del 9

Revisen otra vez haber si ya cuadra o no..ya

me tiene cabezona

El debe con el haber al final te tiene que

cuadrar

El profe dijo si hacen bien a la primera

cuadra el balance

Tenemos que comparar si cuadra el libro

diario con el mayor

hasta aqu esta cuadrado, deja ver si las

dems cuentas cuadran

hay queda esa huevada, no cuadra mismo

Gabriela
Barona

Female

21

University
student
(5 semester)

Si te cuadro con el mayor de retenciones?

A ti te cuadro con el mayor de bancos?

Sino smale esos 15 centavos en alguna

cuenta para que te cuadre.

Ya me canse no cuadra, yo le aumento por

ah para que cuadre y ah se va

Te cuadr?...deja ver
7

Mabel
Lasluisa

Female

20

University
student
(4 semester)

Con cuento dijo que cuadraba el balance

te acuerdas que dijo cuadren primeroy ah

les ha de cuadrar el balance

Debe de cuadrar, por ah debe de estar mal

sumado

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Todas las cuentas estaban cuadradas?

Revisa

Ves mal metido el dedo por eso no cuadraba

Ya esta cuadrado esta huevada..

Al final del diario el debe y el haber tiene

que cuadrar. No es cierto?

Cinthya
Armijos

Female

21

University
student
(6 semester)

Chucha! Pero ya reviso y no cuadra

X
X

Rete nomas, haber suma haber si te cuadra

Hay que cuadrar primero los ajustes

Cuadrado!...cuadrado... Jajaja lero lero

Cuadrado con

X
TOTAL

Author: Javier Solis

10

21

Date: 19/05/21

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Chart 1: Denotations

DENOTATIONS
25
20
15
10
5
0

Results: The most common use of the word cuadrar is used to check information 21
times where spoken for the participants. On the other hand, 10 person use as giving up
in task they were doing. Additionally, 5 students use the word cuadrar to show their
satisfaction.

Pie chart 4: Denotation

DENOTATION
GIVING UP

8% 2%

2%

21%

CHECK
RESULTS
HURRY UP

10%

SATISFACTION
WONDERING

10%

MOKING

2%
44%

Author: Javier Solis

PRAY
SURPRISE

Date: 19/05/21

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT
Analysis: the use of the word cuadrar has many denotations where the
44% is related to check results, 21% is used to express giving up in the task
they are doing, 11 % to show satisfaction for the task done, 11% to express
wondering, 8% to mock their peers and 2% to paray for the things they do.

Pie chart 5: Educational Background

EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
3 SEMESTER

13%
38%

4 SEMESTER

25%

5 SEMESTER
6 SMESTER

25%

Author: Javier Solis

Date: 19/05/21

Results: Most of the students are in 6th semester represented for the
38%, 25% are in 5th semester, 25% are in 4th semester and the 12% are
in 3rd semester.

Pie chart 6: Gender

GENDER

Female

38%

Male

63%

Author: Javier Solis

Date: 19/05/21

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SOCIOLINGUISTIC PROJECT

Results: Most part of the population are women which are the 62% while men
represented the 38%.
Pie chart 7: Age

AGE
13%

13%

19 Aos
20 Aos

25%

21 Aos
22 Aos

50%

Results: Most of the students observed correspond to the age of 21 years old which are
in 6th semester more or less. Besides this the 25% are student of years old. On the other
hand, 12% are from 19 years old