Laboratory Experiment No.

8
Chemical Reactions

1.

Objective(s):

1.1 To identify the basic types of chemical reactions.

1.2 To determine the evidences and factors affecting the rate of chemical and reaction.
1.3 To enumerate the evidences of chemical reaction.
2.

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs):

The students shall be able to:

2.1 Learn to identify the basic types of chemical reactions.
2.2 Learn to determine the evidences and factors affecting the rate of a chemical reaction.
2.3 Learn to identify a chemical reaction by the evidences shown.
3. Discussion:

We can categorize chemical reaction according to the way in which the atoms or molecules of the reactants form new groupings. Many chemical rea

Syntheses are reactions in which two or more substances combine to form a single new substance. These reactions are generally of the form, very
A + B AB

Decompositions are reactions in which a single substance is broken down into two or more simpler substances. The substances produced may be
AB A + B

Single-Displacements are reactions in which an element reacts with a compound and replaces one of the elements in the compound. These reactio
A + BC AC + B

Double-Displacements are reactions in which atoms or groups of atoms are exchanged between two reactants forming two new products. Precipita
AB + CD AC + BD
In this experiment you will observe nine different chemical reactions and identify the type of each reaction on the basis of the products formed.
4. Materials

Test Tubes (16150)

0.5 M

Crucible Tongs

0.5 M

One-hole Rubber Stopper

0.5 M

10 mL Graduated Cylinder

0.1 M

Pipette

3M

Iron Clamp

6%

Glass Tubing

Iron Stand

Aspirator

Spatula

Test Tube (22 x 200)

Bunsen Burner

Splint

5. Procedure:
Procedure 1
1.1 Place approximately 5 mL of hydrogen peroxide in a test tube then add a pinch of manganese dioxide and observe what happens.
1.2 Test the gas produced by inserting a glowing splint into the mouth of the test tube.
1.3 What happened to the (wooden) lighted splint?
Procedure 2
2.1 Pour approximately 5 mL of silver nitrate solution into a test tube.
2.2 Place a strip of copper in the silver nitrate solution.

2.3 Let the test tube stand for several minutes and periodically observe both the strip and the solution.
CAUTION: be careful not to get silver nitrate on your skin!
Procedure 3
1.1 Place approximately 3 mL of barium hydroxide solution in a test tube.
1.2 Add one drop of phenolphthalein.
1.3 Using a pipette, add sulfuric acid one drop at a time until the color just disappears.
Note the appearance of the contents of the test tube.
Procedure 4
1.1 Place approximately 2 g of sodium bicarbonate in a test tube.
1.2 Fit the test tube with a one-hole stopper and delivery tube, and clamp it.
4.3 Place 5 mL of limewater in a second test tube, and place the end of the deliver tube in the lime
water.
1.4 Gently heat the sodium bicarbonate and observe the lime water.
1.5 Remove the delivery tube from the limewater before you discontinue heating.
1.6 Test the condensate that collects near the top of the test tube with litmus paper.
1.7 Compare the residue left in the test tube after heating with some of the original
sodium bicarbonate.
Procedure 5
1.1 Polish a piece of copper turnings with steel wool until it is clean and shiny.
1.2 Vigorously rub the copper with a lump of sulfur until the foil changes in appearance.
Procedure 6
2.1 Pour about 3 ml of ammonium hydroxide solution and 3 ml of copper (II) nitrate solution in a test tube.

Course:
Group No.:

6. Data and Results:

DATA AND RESULTS

CHEMICAL FORMULAS OF REACTANTS

VISIBLE RESULTS

7. Questions
Procedure 1
What happened when the glowing splint was inserted in the test tube containing hydrogen peroxide and manganese dioxide?

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What substance was being produced?

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Water is another product of this reaction. Where is it?

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Procedure 2
What substance is formed on the surface of the copper when it was placed in a silver nitrate solution?

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Where did this substance come from?

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Describe the changes of the solution in the test tube.

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What is the other product?

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Procedure 3
Why does the phenolphthalein turns pink in barium hydroxide?

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Why does it eventually turn colorless when sulfuric acid was added?

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What is the chemical name of the precipitate formed in the test tube?

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What is the other product?

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Procedure 4
What change did you observe in the appearance of the limewater?

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What did the litmus paper indicates us about the different reactions?

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What is a product of the reaction?

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Is there any change in the appearance of the solid in the test tube?

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Procedure 5

What is the substance formed when the sulfur is rubbed on the copper foil?

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Procedure 6

When copper (II) nitrate is added to ammonium hydroxide solution, one of the products formed is ammonium nitrate. It is soluble and

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What is the chemical name of the product formed?

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8. Conclusion:

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