12898 MEC

DT022/3

3022

"""DUBLIN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

BOLTON STREET, DUBLIN 1

Degree Examination in Mechanical

Engineering

THIRD YEAR: May 2014

MECHANICS OF MACHINES
David Kennedy PhD
Paddy Mac Namara

Thursday 15th

May

2014 9.30am

- 12.00pm

Answer four of the following seven questions.

At least I question from section A must be answered.

All questions carry equal marks.

2014 DIT

[P.T.O.

MECH3022

DT022/3

Section A
1.

(a) Derive the equation of motion

including diagram of the model.

for Angular

Damped

Oscillations,

(7 marks)
(3 mark)

(b) A vertical steel 'ire of length I m and diameter 2 mm is fixed to a rigid support at its upper
and has a horizontal uni form disc of moment of inertia 0.040 kgrn ' attached to the free end.
What will be the frequency of torsional oscillations
of the disc?
(5 marks)
Determine also the angular frequency
(5 marks)
and the periodic time.
(5 marks)
The wire has a modulus of rigidity G of80 GPa.

2.

a) The displacement

==

x for an under-damped

system,

e(-SW//)[Pcos(mt)+

is given by the following

end

equation

Qsin(mt)]

where P and Q are constants.

Derive an equal ion for the Logarithm ic Decrement.
Include diagram to show how x decays with time.

( 12 marks)
(3 marks

(b) An instrument consists essentially of a mass of 80 g whose movement is controlled by a spring

and viscous damper. The periodic time of the damped vibration is 0.5 sec. and the damped
.ibrations die av, 1y as shown below about an equilibrium
position of 60.
Determine:
(4 marks)
I.
The damping ratio ~ .
(3 marks)
2.
The spring sti ffness k.
(3 marks)
3.
The coefficient of viscous damping c.

70
k
6062
m
60

55

2014DIT

jP.T.O.

MECH3022

DT022/3

3.

A rod is hinged at one end and supported by a spring of stiffness 500 N/m. The rod has a mass of
10 kg and a length of2 m. A mass of 5 kg is attached 1.2 m from the hinge and a dashpot having a
damping coefficient c of 50 Ns/m is attached at mid span.
Derive the equation

Find;

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

of motion

for the system

assuming

a small displacement

x at the free end.

(9 marks)

Frequency of un-damped oscillations.

Damping ratio.
Frequency of Damped oscillations.
The periodic time.

(4
(4
(4
(4

marks)
marks)
marks)
marks)

Im

4.

A mass of 18 kg is carried on a spring of stiffness 7,500 N/m from a support

which has a vertical harmonic motion of amplitude +/- 4mm at a frequency of 4
Hz. The motion of the mass is opposed by a force proportional
to its absolute
velocity and of the amount 75 Ns/m. Calculate;
(a) The amplitude of the steady state motion of tile mass.
(b) Its phase angle relative to the motion of the support.
(c) The ma ximum instantaneous
extension of the spring.

(10 marks)
(8 marks)
(7 marks)

Section B
5.

Determine the angular velocity and angular acceleration

of link CD and the velocity and
acceleration
of point P for the four bar Mechanism shown.
Link AB rotates with angular velocity 3 rads/s and angular acceleration
2 rads/s/ and P is halfway
along link BC.
Draw the velocity diagram.
Determine the angular velocity of tile link
Calculate acceleration
components
as required.
Draw the acceleration
diagram.
Determine the angular acceleration
of the link

2014 DIT

(6
(4
(4
(7
(4

marks)
marks)
marks)
marks)
marks)

IP.T.O.

DT022/3

MECH3022

0.6m

0.6m
0.5 m

CD =

eX

3 rads/sec

= 2 rads/sec

1.0 m
6.

(a) Draw a diagram of a rotating disc subject to the Gyroscopic effect. Show clearly the axis of
rotation, the axis of precession, the axis about which the gyroscopic and reaction torque are applied.
Use the correct symbols and notation and ensure that directions of rotation and torque are clearly
labelled.
(10 marks)
(b) TIle moment of inertia of the propeller on a single-engine aeroplane is lA kg m2 and the
direction of rotation is clockwise when viewed from the front. The speed of rotation of the propeller
is 1600 rev/mill.
(i) What is the gyroscopic couple acting on the aeroplane when it is flying horizontally at 200 kmlh
in a right handed turn of radius 200 111 ?
(10 marks)
(ii) What effect will this couple have?
(5 marks)

7.

An engine having five cylinders in line has successive cranks 1440 apart. The distance between the
cylinder centre lines being 125 mm. The reciprocating mass for each cylinder is lA kg. The crank
radius is 40 mm and the connecting rod length is 170 mm. The engine runs at 600 rev/m in and the
firing order is J ,4,5,3,2.
Examine the engine for balance of primary and secondary forces and couples.
Use cylinder 3 as the reference plane. Assume anti-clockwise rotation.
('(J1 . ;,il~
Cl table

showing the "forces" and "couples" on each plane.

Draw diagrams for the angular positions of Primary and Secondary Cranks.
Determine the magnitude and direction of the maximum unbalanced primary couple
Determine the magnitude and direction of the maximum unbalanced secondary couple.

2014 DIT

(6
(5
(7
(7

marks)
marks)
marks)
marks)

[P.T.O.