Prime Minister Narendra Modi's great initiative to maintain good relation with neighboring and

developed countries is good for mutual economic development. Narendra Modi made 2-day Bhutan
trip which was PM's first foreign trip since taking over charge as a prime minister. During Modi's tour,
both countries reaffirmed their promise for cooperation and discussed ways to further increase
economic ties. To develop strong relationship with neighboring country, Modi's Nepal visit open new
chapter for economic enhancement. The two-day visit on Aug 3-4 in both countries reveals Modi's
interest in developing better ties with neighbors. In Nepal, Mr. Modi's inspiring address in the
Legislature-Parliament, high-level political talks, bilateral agreements and exchange of assistance
took place during the visit, his meeting with political leaders and their outcomes have made the visit
fruitful. In his speech, he gave two important messages. The first message was that person can only
serve the society through principles and not arms, and Nepal has been able to send a strong
message to the world by proving that. He must also have hinted that success in constitution writing
in Nepal may also have good effect on mitigation of violent conflicts even inside India. The second
message was that he ended indecision and doubts regarding birthplace of Lord Buddha. Taking
names of Buddha and Lumbini nine times during his speech, he made clear that India does not want
to remain stuck on such petty issues. Prime Minister said that his Government gave the highest
priority to relations between the two countries. In his visit to Nepal, Mr. Modi "Prime Minister made
several announcements of Indian aid for priority projects of Nepal. Reports indicated that the US$ 1
billion concessional line of credit will be over and above the existing US$ 350 million lines of credit to
Nepal. The Terms of Reference of the 5600 MW Pancheshwar Multi-Purpose Project were agreed
upon, and the Pancheshwar Development Authority will be set up and the DPR will be finalized
soon. Both sides decided to conclude a Power Trading Agreement in 45 days, and the Government
of Nepal assured that a Project Development Agreement on the 900 MW Upper Karnali Hydropower
Project would also be finalized in 45 days. Both sides expressed a desire for early conclusion of
three other PDAs namely the 900 MW Arun III, the 600 MW Upper Marsyangdi and the 880 MW
Tamakoshi III. It is observed that after taking oath as a prime minister, Mr. Modi's main focus is to
strength healthy economic relations with neighbors.
His visit to Japan will definitely make strong future relations between Tokyo and New Delhi. As Modi
and his Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe agreed during their talks, this relationship has strategic
significance for both countries as they pursue common goals for brighter future. In his five day tour
to Japan, Mr Modi emphasized on three factors to strengthen relations and to enhance country's
development that include economic engagement, defense cooperation and technology transfer.
News reports have indicated that Japan has realized the business prospects in India and it will invest
money and develop business relations to escalate profit. Japan has plan to invest $35 billion over
the next five years in India. This is a huge commitment and the main focus of Japan will be on
developing India's inflexible infrastructure. The two countries signed five pacts covering defense
exchanges, cooperation in clean energy, roads and highways, healthcare and women in order to
develop healthy relationship to newer level. With an effort to exchange ideas and business, Japan

also took major steps to enhance bilateral relation as and lifted ban on six Indian entities including
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited which was imposed as a result of 1998 nuclear tests.
Mr Modi observed that Japan is one of India's neighboring partners in political, economic, security
and cultural realms besides being major regional and global partner for India. A highpoint of the visit
is Modi's tour of Japan's 'smart city' Kyoto, which is an illustration of cultural tradition and innovation,
merging the Prime Minister's own dream to develop hundred smart cities in the country. Mr Modi has
positive attitude toward Japanese business persons and he told them that a "red carpet, not red
tape" awaits them when they want to invest in India. He further spoke that it is good opportunity to
expand business, manufacture the products in India and government will provide all amenities to
grow business which is good for customers. It is observed that Indian and Japanese companies can
cooperate in the manufacturing sector, mainly in the automobile industry because there are
numerous Japanese car producers in India such as Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Mitsubishi, Mazda that
can work together with Indian auto majors like Tata Motors, Mahindra, Bajaj Auto, Premiere, and
TVS, establishing hubs in industrial areas of both nations on mutual reciprocity plan. India can
collaborate its internationally appreciated 'cost effective solutions' to produce the best cars at the
lowest price. In the IT sector, joint collaboration, for instance, between Toshiba and HCL, or in the
mobile telephony between Sony and Micromax seems a good opportunity. It is assessed that in his
early stage of holding prime minister post, Narendra Modi took positive step to visit Japan and
enjoyed friendly relations with prime minister Shinzo Abe which indicates increasing co-operation
and incorporation of both nations' economic and defense plans in a new regional strategic
partnership. Both leaders are self-motivated, tech savvy, and quite young leaders representing the
'patriotic hopes and aspirations of their countries.
When evaluating China's relation with India, Modi's main aim to increase good rapport with country
for future business development. Beijing, major city of China is hopeful about China-India bonds
under the regime of Indian PM Narendra Modi. After elected as PM, Modi was congratulated by
Chinese head of government, Li and he told Modi that China is looking forward to enhance mutual
trust with India and regards India's constant development as an opportunity for China. Mr Modi also
responded in positive manner and said that present government put immense importance to Indochina relationship. China is certainly interested in pursuing a closer economic relationship with India.
Xi Jinping, the Chinese president affirmed in his visit to Delhi that China would invest billions of
dollars over the next five years in railways, industrial parks and, potentially, nuclear power in India. Xi
further added that China would support India becoming a full member of the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization, a regional security body whose largest members are China and Russia.
Mr. Modi continually making efforts to develop strong ties with developed nations. The PM's visit to
the US is also fruitful as both Narendra Modi and US President Barack Obama has ended with a
new agenda between countries. During his five-day visit to the US, Narendra Modi had thrown lots of
speeches, attended meetings with senior CEOs, and addressed the UN General Assembly and an
Indian-American community. He also had a private dinner with President Obama. In first formal

meeting on September 30, Obama appreciated the initiatives of the Indian PM and his robust
approach to address India's challenges since taking office. Mr Modi, who got sweeping victory
election in May 2014 had promised to recuperate the weakening Indian economy. PM Modi and
President Obama pledged to set a new plan for prosperity of two countries. The new agenda is
mainly concentrated on two main themes that include strengthening of joint security co-operation
and enhancing bilateral economic relations. The strengthening of joint security co-operation will
comprise of improving bilateral intelligence information sharing, battling terrorism and law
enforcement co-operation. Currently, major focus will be to tackle the threat from "Islamic State" as
well as al Qaeda.
Mr Modi has also set plan to purchase US defense equipment and more US-Indian manufacturing
joint ventures to develop the Indian defense trade. The basis for this has been done through the
formation of the US-India Defense Trade and Technology Initiative agreed upon in 2012. Bilateral
defense relations is also improved by the visit by US Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel to India in
August 2014. He made advanced negotiations for a 2.5 billion USD deal for the Indian purchase of
Apache and Chinook helicopters. Prime Minister, Mr. Modi is ardent to increase investment inflows
from US multinationals into major business and other areas such as manufacturing, energy,
infrastructure, smart cities and urban development. Modi's visit is successful in terms of taking active
role to boost trade relations with US and he promised that India's new government will be more
active to enhance economic development and attract foreign investment. Main aspects for PM
Modi's visit are to strengthen US investment into the Indian manufacturing and infrastructure sectors.
It is anticipated that US will play active role for advancement of India's defense industry.
Mr Modi has good approach to develop India's 100 smart city program and to become successful.
US will support India to make three such cities apart from joining hands with civil society and
authorities to provide clean water and sewage facilities in 500 cities of the nation. The three cities
are Allahabad, Ajmer and Visakhapatnam. It is realized that Mr. Modi's visit to US will definitely
prolific for the business and friendly relationship with India.\

Opposition to the Modi governments reform push at home can be managed better if the
BJP leadership admits to past mistakes such as opposing FDI in multi-brand retail and
reverses them. Allowing international retail chains to set up shop in India would not only
improve agriculture productivity through better price discovery for farmers but also
moderate spikes in consumer food prices. Taken together, from cutting red tape to
speeding up award of tenders, the Modi administration must keep the reforms pedal
pressed. It must not hesitate to induct fresh ministerial talent to effect policy
improvements whenever current ministers dont deliver.
Lessons for India

Refugee problem is not new to India as it faced sudden migrant outburst from Bangladesh in 1971,
Afghanistan following USSRs intervention in 1979 and Sri Lanka during the civil war between the
armed forces and the LTTE.
Still, taking a cue from the ongoing crisis, India should step up its diplomatic engagement to bring
out a special convention on climate refugees.
For India, the engagement is of prime importance due to the fact that half of Bangladesh lies in the
Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ)-within 10 meters above sea level-that is prone to submergence
as sea levels are set to rise due to climate change.
Further, Maldives, another neighbor, is also facing the threat of extinction due to the same reason.
Conclusion
The ongoing crisis is a grim remainder of the fact that majority communities across the world still
deprived of essentials due to chronic problems like hunger, poverty, terrorism, mal administration,
sectarian violence, etc.
Though we came a long way in nurturing peace, security and socio-economic development, millions
of people still struggle for basic necessities of life.
It is high time the world leaders should come together and fix the problem of migration once for all to
ensure timely achievement of recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals.

Where does one draw the line? When does it become possible to be so repelled by
something that one is able to condemn it unequivocally, without qualification or sly
justification, avoiding the usual , but what about such-and-such done by the other side in
the past, and refraining from keeping a cunning and calculative silence. Or is it that there
is now no such line that we can take for granted, and that everything will necessarily
become subject to a process of competitive desensitization?
These are relevant questions in todays India. The Dadri lynching should have been easy to
condemn and be horrified by, no matter what ones beliefs. Even if one felt that Hinduism
was under threat, that media was engaged in a conspiracy against the current regime, that
the historically entrenched purveyors of liberal ideology were running the glorious

traditions of the country to the ground, that Muslims were a pampered lot that received a
slew of unfair advantages at the cost of the Hindus, that the cow is sacred to the Indian
imagination and must be protected using the full might of the law- even if all this were to
be accepted as true, it should still have been easy to say, you cannot get together in a mob
and stone a man to death because of what he eats. It is wrong.
Why is acknowledging the barbarity of what is in any case an isolated action so difficult?
After all, barring the absolute lunatic fringe, which is hopefully more visible than real, few
on the right are suggesting that this be the preferred mode of action when it comes to
dealing with those are found eating beef. Since the lynching is something that a vast
majority of those on the right would not support, why is admitting that it is wrong be such
a problem for so many?
A few commentators on the right have been quite forthcoming in arguing that the
lynching must be condemned without qualification, while stressing that the crime should
in no way be linked to Narendra Modi or his government. But the dominant reaction,
including that from many senior party leaders and particularly on social media has been
one of evasion, denial or self-righteous anger. Some try and delink the issue from beef,
others question why the media is communalizing and blowing out of proportion a solitary
incident, many are angry that incidents involving Hindu victims do not invite similar
outrage from the media and the liberals, while a few assert that a deeper conspiracy to
malign the BJP is afoot.
It is interesting that barring the few that actually justify the killing, in all the other
reactions, there is a defensiveness that points to the fact that the people making the
argument feel that they have something to be defensive about. The various arguments on
the table it was an accident, it didnt really happen, someone else did it, the other side
does it all the time, this is only an isolated incident, have one thing in common they all
dance around the unstated acknowledgement that what happened was wrong.
Then why not say so? By all means argue that this is not part of a larger pattern of hate;
one might disagree, but at least there would be agreement on a fundamental principle of
humanity- respect for human life and disgust at acts of barbarism. Or is it that any
admission of any wrong-doing, no matter how clear cut, is seen to be a sign of weakness
and defeat?

If the moral frame is found to be too idealistic, then even as a matter of tactics, the best
way to deal with the outrage would have been to acknowledge the terrible nature of the
crime and press for exemplary action. In a different context, look at how the Vyapam
scandal has vanished from our screens once the problem was acknowledged and the case
handed over to the CBI; this despite the fact that the CBI is hardly seen as the last word in
independent and impartial investigation. A good way to separate this crime from the
overall thrust of the government would have been to condemn the incident and put
pressure on the state government to take action. That this relatively painless option has
not been adopted points to something deeper.
Two different motivations seem to be at work. While the lynching itself might not get the
support of the mainstream on the right, its underlying message that there now exists
the willingness and ability to put the other side in its place, is one that is not being walked
away from. Hence the ambivalent nature of the reactions, beginning with the BJP itself.
And then, there is a desire to not cede an inch in the on-going battle with the Adarsh
Liberal lot. The anxiety is not about whether what happened was wrong or not, but largely
about how the other side could use it to further its own ends. This is part of a larger
pattern cutting across ideological lines where we do not react as much to an event, as we
do to the reactions of the other side to the event. The urge is therefore, to blunt the
arguments that are likely to be made by using a combination of deflection, counter-attack,
justification, and denial. What this means is that since the other side is always going to be
wrong, we are always going to be right, regardless of the issue involved.
When the ability to acknowledge what is horrifically wrong is lost, then it becomes
possible to justify virtually anything in order to further a larger cause. The idea of a
minimum standard of humanity breaks down not because of the universality of evil, but
because of a perverse desire to win an argument, no matter what the cost. This is the real
danger of the word games that are being played dancing around an event like the Dadri
lynching.

Strengths:
One of the greatest strengths of the Modi Government is that it is united under a leader that
has an emphatic popular mandate. Also, since it is a trimmed cabinet, the chances of policy
paralysis will be reduced. It will also make the decision making process faster. Another
strength is that they have opted for merit as the criteria for selection over dynasty and
coalition compulsions. As a leader, Modis biggest strength is that he is an economic
pragmatist. He has shown great record of getting things accomplished. His Gujarat model of

development and Vibrant Gujarat are the examples of the same. He is known for his
abilities to DE-bottleneck issues with relative ease and quickness to get things done.
NarendraModi is regarded as a very responsive leader. Unlike UPA, Modi-led NDA has
come to the task with a Say No To approach towards crony capitalism and nepotism,
making the Indian political structure more transparent.

By inviting SAARC leaders to his swearing-in ceremony, NaMo has shown his intentions of
reshaping Indias foreign policy which had witnessed a staunch blow during UPA regime.

Weaknesses:
Some of the weaknesses of the Modi Government are that there are about 9 cabinet
members who do not have any prior ministerial experience. Also, some of the top ministers
are not technocrats with experience. They are just political heavyweights. Moreover, there
are many states that are not represented or underrepresented in the Modi Governments
cabinet. Modis history, 2002 riots and his unshakable affiliation to saffron color may not go
down well with some people. Although he has detached himself from hindutava.

Opportunities:
The biggest opportunity that has already benefited Modi is the anti-Congress wave that was
going on across the nation. On a serious note, there are some opportunities for the Modi
Government to take an advantage of. They can find a proper solution to Kashmir problem,
revive economy, since they are independent to take decision and donot have pressure of
coalition partners since they have clear mojority. They have a chance to bring about the end
of competing ministries thereby bring them together to work unitedly under the government.
They can also end the competing power centers which will result in improved and enhance
delivery. Modi Government can also explore the opportunity of empowering bureaucrats and
reducing the involvement of Ministers in the affairs of bureaucrats. It may assign more
responsibility on MoS for executive decisions. Modi can also decide to explore the
opportunity of infusing technology in governance. He is also planning to work towards
enhancing the infrastructure of the country which is presently a bid deficit. Though the task
requires a lot of painstaking hard work, Modi is known for being a task master.

Threats:
However, there are a few threats as well. Firstly, the Modi Government has to deliver up to
the big promises it has made and the great expectations that the people have from them.It
has less no of seats in Rajya Sabha, so it may face difficulty in getting pass some of key
bills. Economy is not doing good right now, some tough decisions need to be taken which
might backfire. The implementation of their ideas and promises may get affected by the fact
that certain party members do not have governance experience. Moreover, the plans of
ministerial revamp may lead to jurisdictional confusion at least for a short time period. The
assertive judiciary and fractious legislature will also come up as main challenges. Funds

can also come across as a big challenge. Modi is focusing on some very radical ideas and
changes which will require a lot of funding.