CHAPTER 2 : BLOOD CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT

2.1 Transport System in Human

1.

The human blood circulatory system consists of the _______________, _______________,

___________________, ____________________ and ____________________.

2.

Human circulatory system has several functions, namely

-

to transport ________________, __________________, _____________________ to the

body tissues.

to transport ________________ and other body metabolic wastes from the body tissues
to the excretory organs.

3.

to maintain the body __________________

The human circulatory system consists of two main systems:

-

the pulmonary circulatory

system
The __________________________
blood returning from the organs and tissues of
the body travels from the ____________
ventricle to the ____________ and then to the
_____________ atrium of the heart.
-

the systemic circulation where

the ________________________ blood

from the heart is pumped to all tissues in the
body except _________________ and
returns ____________________ blood which

carries waste products back to the heart.

The human heart.

Structure
1.

The heart is made of ________________

muscles and its function is to ____________
blood around the body.

2.

Humans have ____________ chambered

heart, that is two ____________ and two
____________. A _____________ separated
the left side from the right side.

3.

The left side of the heart contains

___________________ blood which is pumped via the ______________________ to
all parts of the body except the ______________.

4.

The right side of the heart contains __________________ blood which is pumped out
by the _________________ via the ___________________ to the lungs.

5.

The heart has __________ valves which direct flow of the blood and prevents it from
flowing backwards.

Pathway of blood via the heart

1.

The right side of the heart contains _________________ blood from the whole body flows
back to the ____________ atrium via the ________________. The __________ atrium
contracts and opens the ________________ valve. This sends the blood to the
_____________ ventricle and the ______________ ventricle pumps blood into the
_________________, which carries the blood to the lungs and picks up oxygen.

2.

The left side of the heart contains ___________________ blood flowing to the
_____________ atrium through the _____________________. The _______________
atrium pumps and the ___________ valve opens. This sends the blood to the
______________ ventricle. Then , it is pumped out from the heart into the ____________
and distributes blood to various parts of the body.

Characteristic of blood vessels and their functions

1.

Blood is transported around the body in a network of tubes called ___________________.

2.

There are 3 main types of blood vessels, __________________, _____________________ and

__________________.

3.

Comparison between the blood vessels are:

Characteristic

Arteries

Veins

Capillaries

Size of lumen
Structure of wall
Presence of valve
Type of blood transported
Rate of blood flow
Blood pressure
Function

2.2 Human Blood

1.

Human blood consists of 55% __________________ and 45% _____________________.

2.

The function of blood plasma are

(i) to transport _______________________ and _____________________ products.
(ii) to distribute heat evenly throughout the body to maintain body temperature.

3. The comparison among the blood cells are:

Characteristics

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

Shape
Presence on nucleus
Function
Place of production
Life span
Haemoglobin

3.

The human blood is divided into ___________ groups, namely ______, _______, _________ and
___________.

4.

It is important to know the blood group of a person before carrying out blood ________________.

5.

Blood transfusion is the transfer of blood from a _______________ to a ____________________.

6.

The blood must be ______________________ otherwise ______________________ of the

bloods occur and may lead to death.

7.

The person with blood type O is known as a ________________________________.

8.

The person with blood type AB is known as a _______________________________.

9.

The compatibility of blood groups can be summarized in the table below:

Blood Group
A
B
AB
O

Can donate to

Can receive from

2.3 Transport System in Plants

1.

The substances that are transported in plants are _____________________,

__________________ and __________________________.

2.

The transport system of plants consists of thin tubes called ______________________ which
consists of ________________ tissues and ________________ tissues and _______________.

3.

These tissues are found in the _____________________, ________________ and

______________ of the plant.

4.

The ________________ tissue is made up cells that have protoplasm and its function is to
transport _______________________ .

5.

The ________________ tissue is made up of cells without protoplasm, have thick strong walls and
its function is to transport __________________ and ___________________ in plants.

(i) The distribution of the phloem and xylem tissues in a monocotyledon plant and dicotyledon
plant leaf, stem and root are:

Monocotyledon plant

Dicotyledon plant

Leaf

Stem

Root

6.

When a plant has enough water the cells are in _________________ state and remain active and
upright. But when a plant loses much water, it will ________________ because the cells are in
_______________ state.

7.

___________________ is the process in which excess water is lost by ________________ from

the leaves of a plant.

8.

Water are mostly lost through the leaves ______________ and the ___________________ of the
stem.

9.

Water in the cells of the leaf diffuses from the cell walls and evaporates into the
__________________ spaces. The water vapour then diffusede out into the atmosphere through
the _________________,

10. A _________________ is a tiny pore surrounded by a pair of cells called ______________ cells.
11. During the day, photosynthesis occurs. The guard cells become _____________ and curved and
the stomata open to allow excess water to escape.
12. The factors that affect the rate of transpiration are :
(i) ________________________________________________
(ii) ________________________________________________
(iii) ________________________________________________
(iv) _______________________________________________

13. The instrument can be used to measure the rate of transpiration is a ____________________.
14. The functions of transpiration in plants are:
(i) for the transport and absorption of _________________.
(ii) for the transport and absorption of __________________
(iii) for the removal of _______________________.
(iv) to __________________ the plant.
(v) to allow the _______________________________ when the stomata open.