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AsteriskProject / / GeneralConfigurationInformation

IP Quality of Service
CrparMalcolmDavenport,derniremodificationlejuil.08,2015

Introduction
AsterisksupportsdifferentQoSsettingsattheapplicationlevelforvariousprotocolsonbothsignalingandmedia.TheTypeofService
(TOS)bytecanbesetonoutgoingIPpacketsforvariousprotocols.TheTOSbyteisusedbythenetworktoprovidesomelevelof
QualityofService(QoS)evenifthenetworkiscongestedwithothertraffic.
AsteriskrunningonLinuxcanalsoset802.1pCoSmarksinVLANpacketsfortheVoIPprotocolsituses.Thisisusefulwhenworkingin
aswitchedenvironment.InfactAsteriskonlysetpriorityforLinuxsocket.FormappingthispriorityandVLANCoSmarkyouneedtouse
thiscommand:

vconfigset_egress_map[vlandevice][skbpriority][vlanqos]
ThetablebelowshowsallVoIPchanneldriversandotherAsteriskmodulesthatsupportQoSsettingsfornetworktraffic.Italsoshows
thetype(s)oftrafficforwhicheachmodulecansupportsettingQoSsettings:

Signaling

Audio

Video

Text

chan_sip

chan_skinny

chan_mgcp

chan_unistm

chan_h323

chan_iax2

chan_pjsip

DUNDI

+(tossetting)

IAXProv

+(tossetting)

IPTOSvalues
Theallowablevaluesforanyofthetosparametersare:CS0,CS1,CS2,CS3,CS4,CS5,CS6,CS7,AF11,AF12,AF13,AF21,AF22,
AF23,AF31,AF32,AF33,AF41,AF42,AF43andef(expeditedforwarding),*
Thetosparametersalsotakenumericvalues.*
NotethatonaLinuxsystem,AsteriskmustbecompiledwithlibcapinordertousetheeftossettingifAsteriskisnotrunasroot.
Thelowdelay,throughput,reliability,mincost,andnonevalueshavebeenremovedincurrentreleases.
ToSdecimalequivalencetable:
name

decimalvalue

cs0

cs1

32

af11

40

af12

48

af13

56

cs2

64

af21

72

af22

80

af23

88

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cs3

96

af31

104

af32

112

af33

120

cs4

128

af41

136

af42

144

af43

152

cs5

160

ef

184

cs6

192

cs7

224

802.1pCoSvalues
Because802.1puses3bitsoftheVLANheader,thisparametercantakeintegervaluesfrom0to7.

Recommendedvalues
Therecommendedvaluesshownbelowarealsoincludedinsampleconfigurationfiles:

tos

cos

Signaling

cs3

Audio

ef

Video

af41

Text

af41

Other

ef

IAX2
Iniax.conf,thereisa"tos"parameterthatsetstheglobaldefaultTOSforIAXpacketsgeneratedbychan_iax2.SinceIAXconnections
combinesignalling,audio,andvideointooneUDPstream,itisnotpossibletosettheTOSseparatelyforthedifferenttypesoftraffic.
Iniaxprov.conf,thereisa"tos"parameterthattellstheIAXywhatTOStosetonpacketsitgenerates.Aswiththeparameteriniax.conf,
IAXpacketsgeneratedbyanIAXycannothavedifferentTOSsettingsbaseduponthetypeofpacket.HoweverdifferentIAXydevices
canhavedifferentTOSsettings.

CHAN_SIP
Inchan_sip,therearefourparametersthatcontroltheTOSsettings:"tos_sip","tos_audio","tos_video"and"tos_text".tos_sipcontrols
whatTOSSIPcallsignalingpacketsaresetto.tos_audio,tos_videoandtos_textcontrolwhatTOSvaluesareusedforRTPaudio,
video,andtextpackets,respectively.
Therearefourparameterstocontrol802.1pCoS:"cos_sip","cos_audio","cos_video"and"cos_text".Thebehavioroftheseparameters
isthesameasfortheSIPTOSsettingsdescribedabove.

CHAN_PJSIP
Inchan_pjsip,therearethreeparametersthatcontroltheTOSsettings:atosoptionforatype=transportthatcontrolstheTOSofSIP
signalingpackets,atos_audiooptionforatype=endpointthatcontrolstheTOSofRTPaudiopackets,andatos_videooptionfora
type=endpointthatcontrolstheTOSofvideopackets.
Similarly,therearethereparametersthatcontrolthe802.1pCoSsettings:acosoptionforatype=transportthatcontrolsthe802.1p
valueforSIPsignalingpackets,acos_audiooptionforatype=endpointthatcontrolsthe802.1pvalueofRTPaudiopackets,and
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acos_videooptionforatype=endpointthatcontrolsthe802.1pvalueforvideopackets.
Changestoachan_pjsiptype=transportrequireanAsteriskrestarttobeaffected.Theyarenotaffectedbysimplyreloading
Asterisk.

OtherRTPchannels
chan_mgcp,chan_h323,chan_skinnyandchan_unistimalsosupportTOSandCoSviasettingtosandcosparametersintheir
correspondingconfigurationfiles.Namingstyleandbehaviorarethesameasforchan_sip.

Reference
IEEE802.1QStandard:http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.1Q1998.pdfRelatedprotocols:IEEE802.3,802.2,802.1D,
802.1Q
RFC2474"DefinitionoftheDifferentiatedServicesField(DSfield)intheIPv4andIPv6Headers",Nichols,K.,etal,December1998.
IANAAssignments,DSCPregistryDifferentiatedServicesFieldCodepointshttp://www.iana.org/assignments/dscpregistry
TogetthemostoutofsettingtheTOSonpacketsgeneratedbyAsterisk,youwillneedtoensurethatyournetworkhandlespacketswith
aTOSproperly.ForCiscodevices,seethepreviouslymentioned"EnterpriseQoSSolutionReferenceNetworkDesignGuide".ForLinux
systemsseethe"LinuxAdvancedRouting&TrafficControlHOWTO"athttp://www.lartc.org/.
FormoreinformationonQualityofServiceforVoIPnetworksseethe"EnterpriseQoSSolutionReferenceNetworkDesignGuide"
version3.3fromCiscoat:http://www.cisco.com/application/pdf/en/us/guest/netsol/ns432/c649/ccmigration_09186a008049b062.pdf

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