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Timber joist
Ceilings to timber joist floors are an established form of
ceiling construction, which is widely used in both new
housing and refurbishment. Separating / compartment
floors are often specified as fire and sound resisting floors
in residential units such as flats and apartments to meet the
requirements of national Building Regulations.
Timber joist ceiling linings are quick and easy to install, and
provide a lining which can be jointed to give a seamless
finish ready for direct decoration or a traditional gypsum
plaster finish.
Key facts
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Sector Guide
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COMPONENTS
Gyproc WallBoard 1, 2
Thickness
Width
12.5, 15mm
900, 1200mm
Gyproc FireLine 1
Thickness
Width
12.5, 15mm
1200mm
Gyproc SoundBloc 1
Thickness
Width
12.5, 15mm
1200mm
Gyproc Sealant
Sealing air paths for optimum sound
insulation.
Gyproc Plank
Thickness
Width
19mm
600mm
Gyproc 4x2s
Thickness
Width
9.5, 12.5mm
600mm
Glasroc F MultiBoard
Thickness
Width
6, 10, 12.5mm
1200mm
Glasroc F FireCase
Thickness
Width
15mm
1200mm
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INSTALLATION
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PERFORMANCE
Please refer to section 6.1 Introduction - for general considerations.
Table 2 - Dimensions and performance1 - Gyproc plasterboard linings
1
Detail
Board type
Flooring Joist
board
centres
type2
Joist
width
(min.)
Fire
resistance6
mm
mm
mins
Estimated laboratory
Performance
sound insulation3 substantiation
100 - 3150Hz
report
Airborne
Impact
Lnw dB
Rw dB
450
38
305
36
81
C014003
600
38
30 (modified)4
38
79
C016001
600
38
30
38
79
C016002
40
C106029
600
38
305
600
47
60
40
76
C016006
600
38
60
40
76
C016008
600
38
60
40
76
C016009
600
50
60
40
75
C016007
600
45
60
50
68
C206003
600
45
60
54
67
C016030
450
47
90
40
78
C014011
1 The fire resistance and sound insulation performances are for ceilings incorporating tapered edge boards with all joints taped and filled
according to Gypsum Industries recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are
used throughout, and the Companys fixing recommendations are strictly observed. Any variations in the specification should be checked
with Gypsum Industries. Where boards are fixed direct to timber joists, screw-fixing is the preferred alternative to nail-fixing and
minimises the risk of fixing defects occuring.
2 Floor types:
a Any structurally suitable wood board flooring.
b Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 15mm (finished) thickness.
c
Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 18mm (finished) thickness.
d Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 21mm (finished) thickness.
3 The acoustic ratings quoted above are based on 200mm deep joists and a walking surface of min. 9.6kg/m3.
4 30 : 15 : 15. If the floor type d is used the fire resistance increases to a full 30 minutes.
5 Noggings to support board edges not required.
6 Board joints must be reinforced with Gyproc Paper Joint Tape for the quoted fire resistance periods to be achieved. Please refer to
section 2.2 for full details.
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Board type
Flooring
board
type2
Joist
centres
Insulation
mm
Joist
width
(min.)
mm
Fire
resistance5
Performance
substantiation
report
mins
450
38
30
G104019
600
38
30
G106021
600
47
60
G106022
600
47
100mm Isover
Modular Roll
60
G106023
4004
50
60
G104024
600
50
60
G106046
600
38
60
G106025
6004
38
60
G106026
6004
38
90
G106027
6004
38
100mm Isover
Modular Roll
90
G106028
1 The fire resistance performances are for imperforate ceilings with all joints taped and filled in accordance with Gypsum Industries
recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are used throughout, and the Companys
fixing recommendations are strictly observed. Any variations in the specifications should be checked with Gypsum Industries. Where boards
are fixed direct to timber joists, screw-fixing is the preferred alternative to nail-fixing and minimising the risks of fixing defects occurring.
2 Floor types:
a 21mm plain edge wood board flooring.
b Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 18mm (finished) thickness.
c
Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 19mm (finished) thickness.
d Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 20mm (finished) thickness, or 20mm plain edge boarding with 3mm
hardboard or plywood.
3 Use 58mm FireCase Screws at 150mm centres. 38mm x 38mm timber noggings are also required between joists and at the perimeter to
support board edges.
4 Noggings to support board edges not required.
5 Board joints must be reinforced with Gyproc Paper Joint Tape for the quoted fire resistance periods to be achieved. Please refer to
section 2.2 for full details.
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Table 4 - Dimensions and performance1 - upgrading existing lath and plaster ceilings
1
Existing ceiling
underdrawn with
metal lath2 securely
fixed to the joists.
Board type
Existing ceiling
removed and metal
lath2 securely fixed to
the joists.
Flooring
board
type3
Joist
centres
Fire
resistance7
mm
Joist
width
(min.)
mm
Performance
substantiation
report
mins
600
38
30
C016019
600
38
60
C016022
600
37
60
C016024
600
37
60
G106045
600
50
60
G106029
600
48
120
C016045
1 The fire resistance performances are for imperforate ceilings incorporating boards with all joints taped and filled according to Gypsum
Industries recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are used throughout, and the
Companys fixing recommendations are strictly observed. Any variations in the specifications should be checked with Gypsum Industries.
Where boards are fixed direct to timber joists, screw-fixing is the preferred alternative to nail-fixing and minimises the risk of fixing
defects occurring.
2 Where plaster is applied to ribbed metal lath, the plaster thickness is measured from the face of the lath, and the lath should be installed
in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations. With 120 minutes fire resistance construction, the metal lath is independently
fixed with wire supports from the joist sides.
3 Floor types:
a Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 20mm (finished) thickness, or 20mm plain edge boarding with 3mm
hardboard or plywood.
b Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 21mm (finished) thickness, or 20mm plain edge boarding with 3mm
hardboard or plywood.
c
Wood board t & g flooring, not less than 22mm (finished) thickness, or 20mm plain edge boarding with 3mm
hardboard or plywood.
d Any structurally suitable wood board flooring.
4 Assumes no contribution from the existing lath and plaster ceiling.
5 Bridging comprises of a layer of 12.5mm Gyproc MultiBoard resting on 100mm x 12.5mm Gyproc MultiBoard strips which are screw-fixed
to the sides of each joist flush with the bottom edge, strips fixed at 300mm centres, top and bottom.
6 Fix MultiBoard strips at 300mm centres, top and bottom.
7 Board joints must be reinforced with Gyproc Paper Joint Tape for the quoted fire resistance periods to be achieved. Please refer to
section 2.2 for full details.
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Platform floor.
Platform floor. 100mm Isover Modular
Roll between the joists. Floor type c3
CasoLine
MF4
GypFloor
at 450mm centres.
GypFloor
SILENT
Detail
SILENT
Board type
Flooring Joist
board
centres
type2
Joist
width
(min.)
Fire
resistance5
mm
mm
mins
Estimated laboratory
Performance
sound insulation
substantiation
100 - 3150Hz
report
Airborne
Impact
Lnw dB
Rw dB
600
44
60
62
56
C016038
600
44
60
66
50
C106011
450
45
60
61
56
C204006
450
45
60
63
55
C204001
450
45
60
63
55
C154008
600
47
60
664
48
C106050
450
45
90
60
57
C204002
1 The fire resistance and sound insulation performances are for ceilings incorporating tapered edge boards with all joints taped and filled
according to Gypsum Industries recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are
used throughout, and the Companys fixing recommendations are strictly observed. Any variations in the specification should be checked
with Gypsum Industries. Where boards are fixed direct to timber joists, screw-fixing is the preferred alternative to nail-fixing and
minimises the risk of fixing defects occuring.
2 If in doubt as to whether a floor is to be a compartment or separating floor, or both, please refer to the relevant Technical Guidance Document.
3 Floor types:
a Any structurally suitable wood board flooring.
b Softwood floor boarding, not less than 21mm (finished) thickness.
c
Walking surface of 18mm t & g wood board flooring, spot-bonded with Gyproc Sealant at 300mm centres to
a substrate of Gyproc Plank laid on 25mm Isover Sound Deadening Floor Slabs (64kg/m3) laid on a minimum
of 12mm wood based sheet sub-deck nailed to the joists.
4 Normal fixing centres for Gypframe MF5 Ceiling sections (450mm) and Gypframe MF7 Primary Support Channels (1200mm).
5 Board joints must be reinforced with Gyproc Paper Joint Tape for the quoted fire resistance periods to be achieved. Please refer to
section 2.2 for full details.
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Upgrading
CasoLine
Detail
MF
CasoLine
MF
Board type
Approximate
weight
Floor
depth
kg/m2
mm
Performance
substantiation
report
Lnw dB
10
226
38
79
C106028
23
320
60
60
C106007
23
320
63
54
C106013
1 The sound insulation performances are for imperforate ceilings with all joints taped and filled according to Gypsum Industries
recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are used throughout, and the
Companys fixing recommendations are strictly observed. Any variations in the specifications should be checked with Gypsum Industries.
Timber joists or bottom chord of trusses with timber noggings between joists to support board edges and at room perimeter.3
Insulation laid between joists.
Detail
Board type
Max. joist/
truss centres
CasoLine
MF
Insulation
type
mm
Min. joist /
truss
width
mm
Fire
Performance
resistance5 substantiation
report
mins
600
38
150mm Isover
Modular Roll
30
G106041
600
38
150mm Isover
Modular Roll
30
C106049
600
38
150mm Isover
Modular Roll
30
C106047
600
354
100mm Isover
Modular Roll
30
C106045
600
354
150mm Isover
Modular Roll
60
G106042
600
38
60
C106048
600
354
60
C106051
2 The fire resistance performances are for imperforate ceilings incorporating boards with all joints taped and filled according to British
Gypsums recommendations. The quoted performances are achieved only if Gypsum Industries components are used throughout, and the
Companys fixing recommendations are strictly adhered to. Any variations in the specifications should be checked with British Gypsum. Where
boards are fixed direct to timber joists, screw-fixing is the preferred alternative to nail-fixing and minimises the risk of fixing defects occuring.
3 For fire-rated ceilings below roof spaces, noggings are required regardless of joist spacings and plasterboard thickness.
4 Nominal 50mm x 25mm timber battens should be fixed to the side of timber supports where the ceiling boards butt in order to maintain an
adequate bearing surface.
5 Board joints must be reinforced with Gyproc Paper Joint Tape for the quoted fire resistance periods to be achieved. Please refer to
section 2.2 for full details.
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Environmental
Gyproc plasterboard ceilings are unsuitable for use in areas
subject to continuously damp or humid conditions.
Plasterboards are not suitable for use in temperatures
above 49C but can be subjected to freezing conditions
without risk of damage.
Fire protection
For reaction to fire classifications for Gyproc and Glasroc
boards please refer to Section 2.1 .
Fire resistance
The fire resistances given in Tables 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 are for
imperforate ceilings tested to BS 476: Part 8: 1972 or
BS 476: Part 21: 1987, or BS 476: Part 22: 1987, or
assessments based on these tests.
Sound insulation
The airborne and impact sound ratings given in Tables
2, 6 and 7 are for imperforate ceilings and have been
tested in accordance with BS EN ISO 140-3: 1995 and
BS EN ISO 140-6: 1998, and rated in accordance with
BS EN ISO 717-1: 1997 and BS EN ISO 717-2: 1997.
Airtightness is essential for optimum sound insulation.
While most junctions will be sealed with standard jointing
materials, gaps at the perimeter of the floor and ceiling,
and other small airpaths, can be sealed using Gyproc
Sealant.
The sound insulation data quoted was measured in the
absence of flanking transmission. The performance of the
floor in practice will generally be governed by flanking
transmission.
Water vapour control
Where there is a requirement for a vapour control layer,
DUPLEX grade boards should be specified as the face layer
(i.e. the second layer in double layer linings). The
application of two coats of Gyproc Drywall Sealer to the
face lining will also provide a degree of vapour control.
Please refer also to Timber noggings overleaf.
Thermal properties
Isover insulation is laid between the joists where required
to provide the specified standard of thermal insulation.
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DESIGN
Please refer to section 6.1
considerations.
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Imposed loads
The designer should ensure that the floor construction is
suitable to support any imposed loads.
Timber noggings
Suitable timber noggings, normally 38mm x 38mm, may be
required between joists and at the room perimeter to
support board edges and board ends. The provision of
noggings depends on the thickness of boards used, and the
spacing of timber joists (please see Table 8). In addition, the
need for noggings is also dependent on any fire resistance
requirements, so Tables 2 and 7 must be referred to.
Timber noggings should always be provided at the room
perimeter except when using 15mm board or 19mm Gyproc
Plank in non-fire rated situations. When fixing DUPLEX grade
boards providing vapour control noggings are required
regardless of joist spacing or board thickness in order to
ensure that vapour control integrity is maintained.
In multi-layer plasterboard ceilings, the provision of
noggings relates to the outer layer board only, unless
otherwise stated.
6 MultiBoard
450
400
9.5 & 10
450
400
12.5
600
450
15 & 19
600
600
Nail popping
Loosening of nails in timber can occur through timber
shrinkage (please see Fig 7), or as a result of fixing boards
to misaligned or twisted framing. To reduce the risks,
boards should be fixed tight to framing members.
To minimise any risk of fixing defects occurring use Gyproc
Drywall Timber Screws. If nails are the preferred fixing
method, the risk of subsequent fixing defects can occur.
Fixing to super-dried timber and engineered I beams
It has been established by test that Gyproc Drywall Timber
Screws are the best solution for fixing to standard softwood,
super-dried timber (approximately 12% moisture content).
If engineered I joists are to be used, please contact the joist
manufacturer for fire resistance and sound insulation claims
and for fixing recommendations.
Services
Electrical and other small service runs can be routed within
the floor cavity. Services should be installed in accordance
with standards, guidelines and recommendations.
Fixtures / fittings
Fixtures should be made into joists, or to supplementary
timber.
Finishing
Please refer to section 1.5 - Finishing Coat Plasters,
section 2.2 - Jointing, and section 2.5 - Decorative
Effects.
Estimating
The estimated construction time is 15 - 20m2 / hour (single
layer ceiling - boarding only) or 8 - 10m2 / hour (double
layer ceiling - boarding only) ready for finishing.
Joist width
Where joist width is less than the minimum stated in
Tables 2 - 7, the system may not meet its specified
performance.
If the minimum fixing tolerances cannot be met, 50mm x
25mm timber battens should be screw-fixed to the side of
the joists where ceiling boards abut in order to extend the
bearing surface.
Fixing to timber frames
A technical information sheet is available to download
from our website: www.gypsum.ie
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CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
Fig 1 - Joists at 450mm centres using 12.5mm Gyproc WallBoard - board edge noggings not required unless stated in
performance tables*
1800mm
450mm
900
mm
Fig 2 - Joists at 600mm centres using 12.5mm Gyproc WallBoard - board edge noggings required unless stated in
performance tables*
2400mm
600mm
1200
mm
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Fig 3 - Joists at 600mm centres using 15mm Gyproc WallBoard - board edge noggings not required unless stated in the
performance tables. Room perimeter noggings not required in non-fire rated situations*.
2400mm
600mm
1200
mm
* Note: where Duplex grade boards are specified to provide vapour control, noggings are required regardless of joist spacing and
plasterboard thickness.
Fig 4 - Twisting of standard soft wood timber joist on drying from 20% to 8% moisture content
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25mm
A
6mm
minimum
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mm
9.5
12.5
15
19
12.5 over 12.5
12.5 over 19
15 over 15
15 over 19
32
38
38
41
51
60
60
60
30
40
40
50
50
65
65
65
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