Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
UNIVERSITY OF HYOGO
Graduate School of Nursing Art and Science / Research Institute of Nursing
Care for People and Community (RINCPC)
Contents
About this handbook .....................................................................
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disaster? ..................................................................................
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6) What should I do if I cant eat at the time of a disaster due to the side
effects of anticancer drugs?
Here are some things that you can do at a shelter:
*
Drink some water one hour before and after a meal, but not at the same time.
It is recommended that you drink a small amount of water frequently.
*
*
*
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If smells bother you, eat the meals cold, or at least at room temperature.
If you dont have any appetite, lighter foods and drinks seem to be easier to
take.
If there are any juicy fruit (e.g., melons, apples and oranges) and/or
vinegared foods available, keep them.
*
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Drink cold and clear drinks containing no caffeine, such as clear apple or
grape juice, and non-carbonated soft drinks.
* If you vomit in the morning, eat a piece of toast or cracker before getting up.
But you should avoid doing this if you have stomatitis (inflammation of the
mucous tissue of the mouth) or a sore throat due to oligosialia (abnormal
deficiency of saliva).
*
Eat some mints or other sour candies. But try to avoid sour candies if you
have stomatitis or a sore throat.
If you cant take a shower, keep your scalp clean by wiping your head with a
wet towel steamed in a microwave.
*
*
Cut your hair short in advance since a shorter cut makes your hair appear to
have a larger volume, and makes it easier to take care of the alopecia.
If you dont have much hair, apply some sun block or wear a hat or scarf to
protect your scalp from the sun.
After defecating, clean your anus completely but softly. If you have sores or
hemorrhoids around the anus, tell this to a doctor or nurse for advice on what
Keep away from people with infectious diseases (e.g., colds, flu, measles,
chicken pox). If you have to stay at a crowded shelter, etc., wear a mask.
Keep away from children who have recently undergone vaccinations against
chicken pox, polio, measles, mumps, rubella, etc.
Use an electric shaver instead of a razor to avoid hurting or cutting your skin.
Use a soft toothbrush to avoid hurting your gums.
*
*
If your skin tends to dry out and chap, apply some lotion or oil to make it
softer.
* If you happen to sustain a cut or scratch, clean it at once with warm water,
soap and disinfectant.
*
Wear protective gloves when you handle soil or excrement from a child or
pet.
If possible, go to the dentist and get all necessary treatment before starting
chemotherapy. Have all your decayed teeth, abscesses/diseases in the gums,
or unfit artificial teeth treated. Also learn the best way to brush your teeth or
use dental floss during the chemotherapy period. Chemotherapy may
increase the risk of sustaining decayed teeth. Dentists may propose the use
of mouthwash or toothpaste containing fluoride to prevent tooth decay.
Clean your teeth and gums after each meal. Touch the teeth/gums gently
with a soft toothbrush. Harder toothbrushes may damage your oral tissues. If
your gums are very sensitive, consult a doctor, nurse, or dentist to select a
toothbrush and toothpaste gentle enough for your gums.
*
*
Each time you use a toothbrush, wash it well and keep it in a dry place.
Avoid using an OTC mouthwash that contains a lot of salt or alcohol. Ask a
doctor or nurse about what mouthwashes you should use.
If the pain in your mouth intensifies, be sure to tell this to a doctor or nurse.
You may need a drug to treat the pain. If the pain is too intense to eat, try some
of the following methods:
*
Ask a doctor if there is any application for your pain. You can also ask a
doctor to prescribe some medicine to ease it.
Eat food cold or at room temperature. Hot or warm meals sometimes give too
much stimulation to your sensitive mouth and throat.
Eat soft and light meals, for example: a stew of assorted steamed vegetables
and other foods, egg custard, cold tofu, Chinese paste or jelly, ice cream,
milkshake, baby food, soft fruits (e.g., banana and grated apple), mashed
potatoes, rice porridge, soft-boiled/scrambled eggs, cottage cheese,
macaroni & cheese, custard, pudding, Japanese gelatin, etc. Although there
are restrictions to foods available from relief supplies, check if any of the
above is provided in vacuum packs. You can also process cooked food in a
blender to make it softer and easier to eat.
Avoid sour foods or juices, such as tomatoes and citrus fruits (e.g., oranges,
grapefruits and lemons). Also avoid eating spicy or salty things, as well as
rough or dried foods such as raw vegetables, rice crackers, slices of toast,
etc.
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Ask a doctor if you should use artificial saliva to wet your mouth.
Drink water frequently.
Eat a piece of ice, ice candy, or sugarless candy. Sugarless chewing gums
may do as well.
As for dry food, wet it with butter, margarine, sauce or other juicy substance
before eating.
*
*
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Avoid drinking coffee, tea, alcohol, or eating snacks, as well as anything fried,
oily or spicy. These things may give stimulation and cause diarrhea or sudden
side pains.
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If you find that milk and dairy products worsen your diarrhea, avoid these
things too.
* Drink a lot of water to replenish the water that you have lost from diarrhea.
Ideal beverages include water, apple juice, weak teas, clear soups, ginger ale,
thin miso soup, sports drinks, and other clear, mild drinks. Confirm that these
beverages are at the room temperature, and drink slowly. When you drink
carbonated drinks, wait until the bubbles disappear.
*
If you are having severe diarrhea, be sure to let the doctor know this, and ask
if you should restrict your diet to give your bowels some rest. As the condition
improves, little by little add foods with small amounts of dietary fiber to your
diet. You may not be able to get the required nutrition sufficiently only with
clear liquid meals. Restricting your diet, then, should not be continued for
more than three to five days.
* Also, you will need to take IVs to replenish any lost water and nutrition if you
suffer from severe diarrhea.
Drink water to improve your bowel movements. Warm or hot drinks are
particularly effective. A glass of water immediately after waking up is also
believed to promote your bowel movements.
* Eat foods with a lot of dietary fiber, such as whole-grain breads, brown rice,
raw or cooked vegetables, fresh or dried fruits, nuts, popcorn, etc.
*
Do some light exercise. Just walking often proves effective. You dont need to
be particular about the exercise methods, but consult a doctor before
increasing the amount of exercise.
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considerations unless it is clear from your appearance that you are under cancer
treatment. It is very important that you let other people know about your
condition.
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In conclusion
We sincerely hope that this handbook will be of help to patients and their
families (including those currently undergoing chemotherapy, and those planning
to), in the event of a disaster. Please consult with your doctors and nurses on the
information in this handbook, and make good use of it for your health
management if you happen to experience a disaster during your chemotherapy
period. Strong coordination between you, your family, and the medical staff will
form the best team to fight the cancer.
Acknowledgments
We thank the following person who cooperated in preparing this
booklet.
Ms.Miyuki ShigenoFormer Faculty of College of Nursing
Art & Science, Hyogo
Ms.Naoko OtsukaFormer Faculty of University of Hyogo
College of Nursing Art & Science
Ms.Sachiko MakinoFormer Faculty of University of Hyogo
College of Nursing Art & Science
Ms.Tamami KobayashiFormer Faculty of University of Hyogo
College of Nursing Art & Science
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81-78-925-9435
Web Site
E-mail
http://www.coe-cnas.jp
atsuko_uchinuno@cnas.u-hyogo.ac.jp