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Glossary
.layer file
Layer definition file. In AutoCAD Map 3D, a file that saves all of the information
needed to recreate a layer, that is, the references to the source data and the styles
that have been applied to it.
annotation
annotation definitions
as-built
Data that depicts the final installed configuration (physical or functional). As-built
data incorporates any field markups on the original construction drawings.
as-designed
Data that depicts the original plan for construction or installation, for example, the
design for a new electric service or a new pipe installation.
aspect
Tabular data that describes the characteristics of features or drawing objects, for
example, the number of lanes and pavement-type belonging to a road. For
features, attributes can be stored with the geometry, or stored in a database and
joined to feature data. For drawing objects, attributes are stored in a database and
linked to selected drawing objects. See also property, external data and object
data.
A type of field in the Metadata feature, the value of which is derived from the
data source, and populated automatically by AutoCAD Map 3D. Metadata auto-
generation is triggered by selecting the resource in the Metadata Viewer. See also:
forced-update field
AutoCAD layer
A layer in AutoCAD. An AutoCAD layer differs from a map layer you create in
Display Manager. See also layer, drawing layer, feature layer, orsurface layer.
The free viewer and editor for the DWF file format (formerly DWF Viewer).
azimuth
bearing
An angle measured from North or South, whichever is nearest, with the added
designation of East or West. The angle is always less than 90 degrees (PI/2
radians or 100 grads) and is usually referenced by a quadrant number.
Calculates the shortest path or optimal route from a start point in a drawing, one
or more intermediate points, and back to the start point. For example, the best
route to follow on a street map when visiting multiple customer sites.
blocks
In AutoCAD or AutoCAD Map 3D, compound objects that have been saved for
reuse in the drawing or in multiple drawings, for example, a North arrow. In
MapGuide Studio, blocks are converted into symbols when they are loaded. See
also symbol.
buffer
A zone of a specific radius created around a selected feature. Used to select
features within a specific distance of another feature. In AutoCAD Map 3D, you
can define buffers for drawing topologies and for features, but you define them
differently.
buffer fence
bulge
For contours that contain curves, the bulge value is a maximum mid-ordinate
distance along a polyline curve. If the mid-ordinate distance is longer than
specified, then points are added to better define the shape of the curve.
The bulge factor can add more vertices to a polyline curve, making it appear more
curve-like. The smaller the value, the more vertices are added.
centroids
Points or blocks that are part of a polygon in a drawing topology. The centroid
holds information about the polygon’s area and perimeter.
chained join
An advanced type of join, where two or more secondary tables are joined to a
primary table in a chain-like fashion, that is primary linked to secondary linked to
another secondary and so on.
class
classified DWG
An AutoCAD Map 3D DWG (drawing) file that contains object classes, and uses
them to represent real-world objects in the drawing. A DWG file that contains
object class definitions, but does not have any objects to which these definitions
are applied, is not considered a classified DWG.
clustered nodes
COGO
column
conic projection
constraint
Data that can fall anywhere in a broad range. When creating a theme, continuous
data is usually organized into smaller ranges that show data trends. For example,
property value is continuous data that can be placed into the ranges 0 to $50,000,
$50,000 to $100,000, and over $100,000, with each range displayed in a different
color. Compare with discrete data.
contour lines
A line that connects points of the same elevation or value relative to a specified
reference datum. The lines can help you determine the elevation at a specific
location on a surface, help clarify and analyze the 3D surface terrain, and help
with things like navigation.
control points
Locations with established latitude and longitude, and often elevation, used for
accuracy and precise location of maps. A system of geodetic control points covers
the entire United States. Similar systems exist for all countries, such as Bench
Marks and Trigonometry Points in the United Kingdom. See also monuments,
geodetic coordinate system.
See COGO.
coordinate system
credentials
cylindrical projection
dangle
A link or line, one end of which lacks a connection to another link or node.
Data Connect
The window you use to connect a geospatial data storeto your map. You specify
each feature class from that data store to add to your map.
A single piece of data that can be entered directly, as a value in a field. In the
Metadata feature, single data elements are expressed as fields to be completed
with values defined in the FGDC standard. See also: compound element.
data provider
data source
A UDL (universal data link) file that points to a collection of data and provides
information on how to access the data.
data store
Data Table
In AutoCAD Map 3D, the FDO-based grid that allows you to view and edit
attributes of selected map features, perform searches, and work with selection
sets.
database query
datum
DEM
digitize
To convert existing data from paper maps, aerial photos, or raster images into
digital form by tracing the maps on a digitizer. Object locations are recorded as
X,Y coordinates.
discrete data
Data that falls into explicit categories. For a feature layer that uses a theme, each
value is displayed differently. For example, an agricultural thematic map might
show each crop in a different color. Compare with continuous data.
display information
Display Manager
A view of the Task Pane that shows the Display Manager layers in your current
display map, and has commands for styling and managing those layers. To view
Display Manager, select its tab in the Task Pane.
A set of objects in Display Manager. The set could be all the objects on a layer or
in a feature class, or objects that share a certain property. Each layer can be
stylized or themed individually.
display map
display properties
To remove the boundaries that exist between polygons sharing a specific attribute.
dither
To use a pattern of solid dots to simulate more colors than are actually available
when displaying images.
domain (metadata)
In the Metadata feature, the domain refers to element values that are defined as
valid within the FGDC Standard. A domain can be a list of pre-defined values in a
menu, a range of numbers, free-form text, or any other type of value that can be
assigned to a given field.
dot variable
draping
draping
drawing layer
A layer in Display Manager that contains drawing objects from a DWG file. See
also AutoCAD layer, feature layer, layer, surface layer.
A layer in Display Manager that contains drawing objects from a DWG file. See
also AutoCAD layer, drawing layer,feature layer, andsurface layer.
In AutoCAD Map 3D, a drawing source is a drawing (DWG) file and also its
associated information, such as attached drawing files, drawing-based feature
classes, linked template data, and topologies.
drawing objects
Objects that exist in a drawing file (DWG) or come from an attached drawing.
Compare to features.
drawing set
drawing source
In AutoCAD Map 3D, a drawing source is a drawing (DWG) file and also its
associated information, such as attached drawing files, drawing-based feature
classes, linked template data, and topologies. Compare with feature source.
drive alias
The mechanism that points to the folder where attached DWG files are stored.
drive alias
In AutoCAD Map 3D, the mechanism that points to the folder where attached
DWG files are stored.
DTED
duplicate objects
Objects that share the same start and end points. Object types that can be
considered duplicate include linear objects, points, blocks, text, and mtext.
DWF
An Autodesk file format for sharing 2D, 3D, and spatially-enabled design data.
DWF files are easy to publish and view on the Web. See also georeferenced
DWF, Design Review.
DWG
Drawing file. The Autodesk file format for storing 2D, 3D, and spatially-enabled
design data.
edge matching
A DWG cleanup function available in AutoCAD Map 3D that allows for
distortion between adjacent maps, and produces a true match of drawing objects
at the edges of maps.
EditSet
When users decide to lock objects in Oracle Spatial, those objects are
immediately locked. Edits of locked objects are put into an EditSet. You can then
update the database, which updates the locked records with the contents of the
EditSet.
The basic building block of an Oracle Spatial geometry (Oracle Spatial database).
The supported spatial element types are points, line strings, and polygons. For
example, elements might model water wells (point clusters), roads (line strings),
and county boundaries (polygons).
elevation
The vertical distance from a datum to a point or object on the Earth's surface. The
datum is generally considered to be at sea level. Equivalent to the Z coordinate in
an XYZ coordinate system.
ellipsoid
An approximation of the earth’s shape that does not account for variations caused
by the nonuniform density of the earth. Synonymous with spheroid. See also
geoid.
equal area
A map projection in which every part, as well as the whole, has the same area as
the corresponding part on the earth, at the same reduced scale. No flat map can be
equal area and represent true shape.
equidistant projections
Projections showing true distances only from the center of the projection or along
a special set of lines. No flat map can be both equidistant and equal area.
exaggeration
expression
An automatic calculation used to specify values for URL, tooltip, and feature
labels. For example, you might create a text expression that specifies a state name
and population for a label. To express the population in millions, you might apply
a number expression that divides the population value by 1,000,000.
expression evaluator
The mechanism that analyzes the statement you enter in the Expression box in the
Output Report Options dialog box or the Property Alteration dialog box.
external data
Attribute data linked to a drawing object but contained in a database apart from
the drawing file. See also attributes or attribute data and object data.
FDO
Feature Data Objects. An Autodesk software standard and general purpose API
for accessing features and geospatial data regardless of the underlying data store.
See also features, feature class.
FDO provider
feature class
For feature data, a schema element that describes a type of real-world object. It
includes a class name and property definitions. Commonly used to refer to a set of
features of a particular class, for example, the feature class "roads" or the feature
class "hydrants." See also FDO, property, schema.
See FDO.
feature layer
feature source
In AutoCAD Map 3D, any source of feature data that has been connected by
means of FDO. In MapGuide Studio, one of the two types of resources created
either by loading file-based data or by connecting to a spatial database. Feature
sources are stored in the repository either in SDF 3 format or as database
connections and contain raw geometry only. Compare with drawing source.
feature(s)
Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata. A standard XML schema for
publishing and sharing GIS metadata , released by the United States Federal
Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) in 1998. The schema is comprised of seven
major sections, each of which contains several individual data elements and
compound elements. Depending upon the nature of the GIS data, each section,
element, and compound element is mandatory, optional, or conditional
(mandatory if applicable).
field
filtered record
A record that matches the conditions of an SQL filter or spatial filter and is
therefore available for selection.
flood trace
For a network topology, a trace that begins at a specified point and traces out in
all directions for a specified distance or resistance.
forced-update field
generalization
geographic analysis
geographic data
geoid
An ellipsoid with a highly irregular surface used to describe the shape of the
earth. See also ellipsoid.
geometry mapping
georeferenced DWF
georeferenced image
An image that references real-world coordinates in its correlation source.
Example: Georeferenced images include GeoSPOT, GeoTIFF, and images that
use world files as their correlation source.
GeoTIFF
A method that converts the earth’s spherical coordinates representing latitude and
longitude into an AutoCAD Map 3D drawings Cartesian coordinate system, and
accounts for the curvature of the earths surface with a projection. A coordinate
system is usually defined by a projection, an ellipsoid definition, a datum
definition, one or more standard parallels, and a central meridian.
grid surface
See surface.
hatch
hillshading
inner join
A type of join where records in the primary table are displayed only if there is a
matching record in the joined secondary table. See also join, left outer join.
intersection (expression)
Two or more conditions joined with the logical operator And. An item is selected
only if the item meets all specified conditions. Compare with union.
intersection (geometry)
The location where one line, surface, or solid crosses another so as to have one or
more points in common.
join
A relationship that is established between attribute data and feature sources for the
purposes of creating a new view of the data or for ad-hoc analysis.
JPG2000
key column
One or more columns in a table whose values are used to uniquely identify a
record. To provide useful links, a key column should contain a unique value for
each record. Also called a key field.
key value
A value stored on an object that specifies that value to match in the key field of a
table.
key view
In a map book, an overview of the entire map with the current tile boundaries
displayed.
label
latitude
The first part of a spherical coordinate system used to record positions on the
earths surface. Latitude indicates the angular distance north or south of the
equator. See also longitude.
layer
layout template
A type of join where all records in the primary table are displayed, whether or not
they have a matching record in the joined, secondary table.
LIDAR
The connection between a drawing object and its related database data. The link
data is stored on the linked drawing object and contains the name of the link
template and the key value used to identify the associated record in the linked
table. An object may have more than one link.
link (geometry)
link template
A data structure that contains the path information to a database table and
specifies one or more key fields in that table.
lock
To make all or part of a disk file read-only so that it cannot be modified by other
users on a network. Object locking applies to objects that are being edited by
another user. File locking applies to entire files, for example when an AutoCAD
user wants to open a file while the file is being edited in AutoCAD Map 3D.
logical operator
A symbol such as And, Or, Not, =, >, >=, <, and <= used to define logical
relationships.
long transaction
Transactions that extend over hours, days, or months, unlike the more typical
database transactions that last for only seconds. Long transactions support
atomicity, consistency, and durability, and can be committed or rolled back.
longitude
The second part of a spherical coordinate system used to record positions on the
earths surface. Longitude measures angular distance east or west of the prime
meridian, which runs through Greenwich, England. See also latitude.
main viewport
The viewport that represents a map tile in a sheet. See also viewport.
map
Map Book
Manages your Map Book and contains commands for creating, editing, and
publishing them. To view Map Book, click its tab in the Task Pane.
map book
A publishing option that divides a map into tiles and formats them into pages with
a legend and an index/key. Create and edit map books from the Map Book tab in
the Task Pane.
A special type of sheet set template used by a map book to generate sheets. The
map tiles are generated based on the layout and viewport placeholder properties.
Map Explorer
Manages your mapping resources. To view Map Explorer, click its tab in the Task
Pane.
map projection
A systematic representation of a spherical body, such as the earth, in a flat
(planar) surface. Each map projection has specific properties that make it suitable
for specific mapping needs.
map query
A set of conditions that specify the selection of drawing objects from source
drawings. Conditions in a Map query can be based on the location or properties of
an object or on data stored in the drawing or in a linked database table. See also
topology query and database query.
map tile
A specific region of a map (model space view) for use on an individual sheet.
MapGuide
MapGuide Server
The Autodesk MapGuide component that hosts MapGuide services and responds
to requests from client applications through TCP/IP protocol.
MapGuide Studio
The Autodesk MapGuide component that handles all aspects of collecting and
preparing geospatial data for distribution on the Internet (except custom coding).
The version of the MapGuide Viewer component that does not need a download
(also known as “zero-client viewer”). It works with Microsoft Internet Explorer,
running on Windows, or with browsers such as Firefox on other operating
systems, such as MacOS or Linux.
Mercator projection
meridian
metadata
Data about data. In the GIS context, metadata consists of information that
describes the essential characteristics of geospatial data sets. See also: FGDC
CSDGM Standard
monuments
Features with known coordinates, used to establish accurate and precise location
on a map. See also control points.
mpolygon
naming scheme
network topology
A description of the spatial relationship between linear drawing objects (links and,
sometimes, nodes). For example, a network topology can represent pipelines,
streets, electrical transmission lines, and rivers.
node
A single point or a link end point or intersection in a topology. A node can be
represented as a block or point object.
node topology
normalizing
In a theme, the scaling of data values relative to another data value. A common
example is adjusting the thematic value based on the area, length, or perimeter of
the entity.
object class
All the drawing objects that have been created using a specific object class
definition. Use object classification to organize objects in your drawing based on
the real-world features they represent, such as roads. Object classes allow you to
create new objects that automatically have the appropriate properties and values
for objects in your drawing. See also feature class.
object data
Attribute data attached to an object and stored in the drawing file. Compare with
external data.
OGC
one-to-many join
A join in which one record in the primary table corresponds to more than one
record in the secondary table.
one-to-one join
A join in which one record in the primary table corresponds to one record in the
secondary table.
OpenGIS Agent
Oracle schema
See schema.
An earlier version of the Feature Data Objects (FDO) feature, used to store maps
in Oracle Spatial.
OSGeo
overlay
package
In MapGuide, a compressed file that can speed up the process of loading data
onto the server. Large source-data files can be zipped up in this file format and
saved to a network location or copied to a CD.
parallel
path trace
For a network topology, a trace begins at a specified point, finds the shortest
distance to another point and is based on resistance (the length by default).
persistent locking
The ability to edit checked-out objects while you are offline, and then save your
changes back to the data source when you return online.
placeholder
Specifies location and size of elements (viewports, scale bar, north arrow, legend)
in a map sheet.
An AutoCAD block that contains plotting information such as title page text, plot
layouts, legend, and other map annotations.
polygon
A polygon is a closed area that stores information about its inner and outer
boundaries, and about other polygons nested within it or grouped with it. In a
polygon topology, the polygon can be enclosed by any lines or arcs in the
drawing. In addition, AutoCAD Map 3D supports a polygon object, sometimes
called an mpolygon or mapping polygon.
polygon topology
primary key
The property whose value uniquely identifies each feature within a feature class.
Many feature classes use a single property for this purpose, for example,
FeatureId. However, a feature class could have a list of properties such as street
number, street name, and street type to uniquely identify a house address. You
cannot edit primary key values for joined data.
prime meridian
The line of longitude drawn through Greenwich, England, used as the origin for
longitude measurements.
profile
property
For feature data, a single attribute of a class. A class is described by one or more
property definitions. For example, a Road feature class may have properties called
Name, NumberLanes, or Location. See also attibute.
property data
Values associated with a geographic object, such as river depth, road width, or
pipe diameter. In AutoCAD Map 3D, these items are represented as block
attributes, values in object data tables, or values in a linked external database.
pseudo node
publish
purge
query
A set of executable statements that retrieve specific objects. For example, a layer-
based query that displays only the objects on the layers that contain state and
district boundaries. See map query, topology query, and database query.
Query Library
The set of queries saved in a drawing. You can add, delete, and modify queries in
the Query Library.
ramp
range of values
In a theme, a segment of data along a continuum, such as property value,
temperature, or population.
raster
Images containing individual dots (called pixels or cells) with color values,
arranged in a rectangular, evenly spaced array. Aerial photographs and satellite
images are examples of raster images used in mapping. Compare with vector.
reference point
For a symbol, the point that controls the position of a symbol over a feature in a
map. The default reference point is the center of the symbol.
registration
resistance
resolution
resource
resource (metadata)
In the Metadata feature, a resource is a generic term meaning any type of data set
for which AutoCAD Map 3D can generate metadata . A resource could be a
feature class, an object class, a schema, or a file.
resource repository
In MapGuide, an XML database that stores the resources created either by loading
file-based data or by connecting to databases.
rubber sheeting
An editing method, used only when necessary, that attempts to correct errors by
stretching a map to fit known control points or monuments.
A feature theme consists of a collection of rules. Each rule specifies a style and
feature label for the features that meet the specified condition. You can add a
legend label to provide a description of a rule's condition. As a layer is drawn,
each feature is compared to the rules in the order that they are listed. The first rule
for which the feature meets the condition is used to specify the style and feature
label for that feature.
save set
Objects that have been created or modified in the current drawing and are marked
to be saved back to source drawings.
scale
The ratio of the distance on a paper map to the distance on the ground. If a paper
map has a scale of 1:100,000 (also represented as 1/100000), then a distance of 1
unit on the paper map corresponds to 100,000 units on the ground. On a digital
map, scale represents the scale of the map from which the digital map was
derived.
scale threshold
You can define different stylizations at different scale thresholds. For example,
turn on the display of road names only when the drawing scale factor is below
1:5000.
schema
The definition of multiple feature classes and the relationships between them. A
schema is the logical description of the data types used to model real-world
objects, and does not reference the actual data instances (a particular road or land
parcel). Rather, it is metadata. See also feature class.
SDF
Spatial Data File. The proprietary Autodesk file format that contains the spatial
data (such as roads, cities, and countries) used in maps. See SDF 2, SDF 3.
SDF 2
The previous version of the SDF file format. It was the native file format for
Autodesk MapGuide (the last release was Autodesk MapGuide 6.5). Each SDF 2
file generally contained one feature class or type of data, for example points,
lines, polygons, or text.
SDF 3
The current version of the SDF format. It is the native format for MapGuide
Enterprise and MapGuide Open Source. Each SDF 3 file can contain multiple
feature classeses or types of data stored in tables with attributes and geometry.
service
An Oracle database.
shading
See hillshading.
sheet
sheet set
sheet subset
A named collection of sheets within a sheet set. An individual sheet can only be a
member of a single subset.
sheet template
A drawing file that defines a title block and a layout for use in sheets. Can be
specified for sheet sets and sheet subsets.
Site Administrator
Site Explorer
The tree view in MapGuide Studio that displays the resources stored in the
resource repository.
site server
slope
source drawing
A drawing file attached to another drawing. The set of all source drawings
attached to a drawing is called the drawing set. Use a Map query to retrieve
selected objects from multiple source drawings.
spatial
spatial analysis
spatial context
The general metadata or parameters within which the geometry for a collection of
features resides. In particular, the spatial context includes the definition of the
coordinate system, spheroid parameters, units, spatial extents, and so on for a
collection of geometries owned by features.
spatial data
Information about the location and shape of geographic features, and the
relationships between those features. See also features.
See SDF.
spatial database
spatial filter
A selection of objects that specify which records to display in the active table or
query. When a spatial filter is active, the Data View displays only those records
linked to selected objects. Compare with SQL filter.
spatial index
spheroid
See ellipsoid.
SQL filter
A series of SQL expressions that specify which records to select in the active
table or query. When an SQL filter is active, the Data View displays only those
records that match the filter criteria. Compare with spatial filter.
style
Settings that specify how to display the features or drawing objects in a Map
Display layer. For example, a polygon style that makes parcel polygons 50%
transparent and which appears at a scale of 1:50000. One or more styles can be
applied to a single element.
style library
Use the style library to store the styles you use frequently. You can drag and drop
these styles onto any element in any other display map.
styling
The process of assigning display characteristics (such as line color, line pattern,
fill color, fill pattern, and so on) to a feature (points, polylines, polygons). See
also theming.
stylization
superuser
A user who controls user IDs, passwords, and access to sensitive procedures.
supplementing distance
supplementing factors
Add vertices along 3D polylines that are long and contain few vertices. The
supplementing distance is the maximum distance between vertices. If the distance
between vertices is greater than specified, then points will be added along the 3D
polyline in equal increments that are less than or equal to the supplementing
distance. The smaller the distance, the greater the number of supplemented points.
surface
surface layer
symbol
symbol library
symbol table
A term referring to the storage of named objects, including linetypes, layers, text
styles, and blocks.
table
A set of data arranged in records (rows) and fields (columns). When a table is
displayed in a grid, records display in horizontal rows and fields display in
vertical columns. Each field value in the table displays in a cell.
Task Pane
A AutoCAD Map 3D window that provides the tools you need to accomplish
your main mapping tasks: creating, displaying, styling, analyzing, and publishing
maps. The Task Pane contains tabbed views: Map Explorer, Display Manager,
and Map Book. Map Explorer enables you to manage the resources you will use
to create your maps. Display Manager provides tools to create maps, and create
styles and themes. With Map Book, you can print, publish and share maps. You
can resize the Task Pane palette and place it where you want.
template file
A file that formats another file, such as a text file for saving information from
queried objects. See also dot variable, query, and link template.
thematic map
See theme.
theme
A theme is a special kind of style used to vary the stylization based on some
property of the objects. For example, instead of just coloring the lakes blue, you
could vary the shade of blue based on the depth of the lake. Instead of just altering
the line width of the roads, you could vary the line width based on traffic flow.
theming
The process of styling features according to an attribute value. See also styling.
tiling scheme
The method of breaking a large map into multiple smaller tiles. Options include
by area, by number, and custom.
tolerance
A radius around a node or linear object used to search for drawing errors.
The minimum distance allowed between linear objects or nodes during drawing
cleanup. If two linear objects or nodes are separated by a distance less than the
tolerance, AutoCAD Map 3D corrects the error.
Topobase
topology
topology query
An extension to a Map query that applies to a loaded topology. See also map
query.
transparent command
File with.udl extension that includes the name and location of the database table
and the software used to create the file. Windows uses a UDL file to identify a
data source. Using the information in this file, programs such as AutoCAD Map
3D can view and update data from external databases.
undershoot
Two or more lines within a specified tolerance of each other that do not meet.
union
Two or more conditions joined with the logical operator Or. An item is selected
only if the item meets at least one of the specified criteria. Compare with
intersection.
A specific implementation of the Mercator projection, designed for use around the
world. See also Mercator projection.
vector
versioning
wavelet
weeding
weeding factors
You can use the weeding factor settings to reduce redundant points along 3D
polylines by ignoring vertices that are close together or along a straight line. A
larger distance and deflection angle will weed a greater number of points.
Distance is an absolute measure and the angle is measured in degrees. The larger
the distance value, the greater the number of weeded points. The weeding factors
must be less than the supplementing factors.
A point is weeded by calculating its location in relation to the vertices before and
after it. If the length between these three points is less than the weeding length
value, and the deflection angle is less than the weeding angle value, then the
middle point will not be added to the contour data file.
WFS
Web Feature Service. A web service based on the specification defined by the
OGC. Acts as a source of feature data.
WMS
Web Map Service. A web service based on the specification defined by the OGC.
Produces an image (for example, a PNG or JPG image) of geospatial data.
workspace
Contains the commands and tools for specific tasks. The Map 3D For Geospatial
workspace is tailored to working with spatial features while Map 3D For
Drawings is optimized for working with drawing objects.
zero-client viewer
zoom
zoom extents
To magnify a drawing based on its extents so that the view shows the largest
possible view of all spatial objects.