INSTITUTO POLITCNICO NACIONAL ESCUELA SUPERIOR DE

COMPUTO

CIRCUITS FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY

CIRCUITS FUNDAMENTAL ANALYSIS
SECOND PRACTICE
OHM'S LAW
GROUP: 1CV10
TEAM: 10
MEMBERS:
Flores Estrella Eduardo Israel
Zavala Reyes Eduardo Alonso
TEACHER:
Jose Alfredo Martinez Guerrero

Objective:
The student will be able to understand, interpret and apply the ohm's law on real circuits. At
the end of the practice he will be able to:
-Calculate voltages, currents, potencies and resistances from an actual circuit.
-Understand the current's behavior considering the voltage.
-Understand the current's behavior considering the resistance.
-Deduct the ohm's law.
Equipment:
Multimeter
Variable voltage source
Wires for connection and for the multimeter
Protoboard
1000 ohms Resistor ( W)
1 ohm Resistor (1 W)
2500 ohms or higher potentiometer
Tweezers

Introduction:
Ohm's Law deals with the relationship between voltage and current in an ideal conductor.
This relationship states that the potential difference (voltage) across an ideal conductor is
proportional to the current through it. The constant of proportionality is called the
"resistance", R. Ohm's Law is given by:
V=IR

where V is the potential difference between two points which include a resistance R. I is the
current flowing through the resistance.
By the other side a potentiometer is an instrument for determining a potential difference or
electromotive force by measuring the fraction of it that balances a standard electromotive

force. This is a device with three terminals, two of which are connected to a resistance wire
and the third to a brush moving along the wire, so that a variable potential can be tapped
off.

Practice development:
-Dependence to the voltage
First, we had to assemble the circuit from the next picture , for it, using the ammeter, the
voltage source, the protoboard, the 1000ohms resistance and the potentiometer adjusted
to 2500 ohms.

The voltage source had to be disconnected. Once the circuit was completed we turned on
the source and changed its value from 15v to 0v, 1v at the time, as long we completed
thenext table with the current value detected by the ammeter.
Voltage source (V)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Measured current value (

mA )
0
.28
.57
.84
1.14
1.4
1.68
1.97
2.26
2.53
2.81
3.09
3.38
3.67
3.94
4.22

Calculated current value

(mA)
0
0.28
0.57
0.85
1.14
1.42
1.72
2
2.28
2.57
2.85
3.14
3.42
3.71
4
4.28

And with this data we made a graphic, comparing amperes (mA) against volts (V):

-Dependence to the resistance:

Again, first turning off the voltage source, we put the potentiometer to 0 ohms, using the
same circuit, but un plugging the voltmeter, we assembled the circuit the same way as
shown on the picture below.

Once we got the circuit complete, and with the voltage source set to 15v, we energized it.
This time we had to change the potentiometer value, 1v at the time, from 0v to 15v. And we
completed the table:

Potentiometer
value (Ohms)

Total resistance
value

0
250
500
750
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500

1000
1250
1500
1750
2000
2250
2500
2750
3000
3250
3500

Measured
current value (
mA )
15.19
12.04
9.84
8.24
7.04
6.06
5
4.4
3.93
3.5
3.12

Calculated
current value
(mA)
15
12
10
8.57
7.5
6.6
6
5.45
5
4.61
4.28

With this data, we made a graphic to represent the comparison between current (mA)
against resistance(ohms):

-Resistors potency calculate:

For the last part of the practice we assembled the next circuit using the ammeter to
measure the current, the voltage source and the 1000 ohms resistor(1/2 watt). This time the
circuit was made without using the protoboard, this was specified by the practice.

Before connecting it, we set the voltage source to 1v, the next step was to energize the
circuit and to measure the current value.
To get the purpose from the practice done, we answered the following questions:
What was the value from the current? It was a value of 1mA
What was the value from the potency on the resistor? It was a value of 1mW
What happened to the resistance? It got warm
To answer the following questions we took off the resistor from the circuit and put a
1ohms(1W) resistor instead
What was the value from the current? It was a value of 1A
What was the value from the potency on the resistor? It was a value of 1W
What happened to the resistance? Nothing
What's the difference between this and the other circuit? The resistor attributes, thats why
there's a different effect on the resistors.
Information digital sources:
http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/potentiometer
https://www.physics.uoguelph.ca/tutorials/ohm/Q.ohm.intro.html