Concern VKO Almaz-Antey

ALMAZ ANTEY
CONCERN

RESULTS OF
Full-scale Real-life Experiment to Analyze
Causes of MH17 Aircraft Crash

Moscow 2015

Main Objectives of Real-life Experiment

1. ELABORATE ON TYPE OF MISSILE

2. VALIDATE CONDITIONS AT WHICH MISSILE HIT
AIRCRAFT

Damage Assessment of Boeing-777 MH17

MAIN DAMAGES :
1. Cockpit, primarily the left side

LEGEND
INTENSITY OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE TO AIRCRAFT:

2. Aircraft superstructure, primarily main frames

DESTRUCTION OF AIRCRAFT SUPERSTRUCTURE

3. Cockpit internals

SEVERE DAMAGES

4. Left wing

MODERATE DAMAGES

5. Left engine
6. Left section of the stabilizer and empennage (tail fin)

SLIGHT (RICOCHETING) DAMAGES

Damages to Left-hand Side of Cockpit

Fragment under the outermost left-hand side glass panel

STA 196.5 STA 204.5

STA 212.5

STA 212.5

RICOCHET

(without penetration inside the

body)

STA 196.5

STA 212.5

BEHIND

STA 212.5
IN FRONT

SUB-MUNITIONS WERE MOVING ALONGSIDE

AIRCRAFT BODY

STA 212.5
STA 212.5

Damages to Left-hand Side of Cockpit

Fragment behind the outermost left-hand side glass
panel

View from
above

View from inside

STA 228.5

STA 228.5

FWD

Side view

STA 228.5

FWD

Fragment location in the 17body

228.5

LEGEND
228.5

LAYOUT OF AIRCRAFT SUPERSTRUCTURE ELEMENTS

ENTRY HOLES IN FUSELAGE OUTER SKIN
OPEN-END HOLES IN TRANSVERSAL ELEMENTS OF SUPERSTRUCTURE
(MAINFRAMES)
WHITE ARROWS INDICATE DIRECTION OF MOVING SUB-MUNIOTOINS (BY ALIGNING
WITH ENTRY HOLES IN OUTER SKIN WITH HOLES IN MAIN FRAMES)
RED ARROWS INDICATE DIRECTION OF MOVING SUB-MUNIOTOINS THROUGH
TRANSVERSAL ELEMENTS OF SUPERSTRUCTURE (MAINFRAMES)

Damages to Left-hand Side of Cockpit

View from inside

Fragment behind the outermost left-hand side

glass panel

6
Side view

View from outside

STA 236.5

Hole form
DIAMOND

23
A
T
S

6.5

(HIGH INTENSITY)

FWD

~ 13 mm

SUB-MUNITIONS WERE MOVING ALONGSIDE

AIRCRAFT BODY

Damages to Left-hand Side of Cockpit

Fragment behind the outermost left-hand side
glass panel

STA
23

7
Side view

6.5

STA 236.5

FWD

SUB-MUNITIONS WERE MOVING ALONGSIDE

AIRCRAFT BODY

Alignment of the entry hole with the hole the main frame STA 236.5 clearly illustrates the
submunition
Fragment location in the 17body

236.5

LEGEND
236.5

LAYOUT OF AIRCRAFT SUPERSTRUCTURE ELEMENTS

ENTRY HOLES IN FUSELAGE OUTER SKIN
OPEN-END HOLES IN TRANSVERSAL ELEMENTS OF SUPERSTRUCTURE
(MAINFRAMES)
WHITE ARROWS INDICATE DIRECTION OF MOVING FRAGMENTS (BY ALIGNING WITH
ENTRY HOLES IN OUTER SKIN WITH HOLES IN MAIN FRAMES)
RED ARROWS INDICATE DIRECTION OF MOVING DETONATION PRODUCTS

Damages to Roof above Cockpit

A
STA
276
.5

CLA

STA 276.5
CLA

26
STA

5.5

STA 287.5
STA 276.5

STA

5
254.

STA 265.5
STA 254.5

STA 246

STA 236.5

46
STA 2

.5
STA 236

Damages to Traverse Superstructure (Main Frames)

STA 228.5

STA 236.5

STA 246 254.5

STA 265.5 276.5

309.5

287.5

STA 287.5 309.5

236.5
STA 196.5 204.5

STA 287.5 309.5

204.5
212.5
STA 212.5

STA 228,5

246.5

332.5
STA 246 276.5

DAMAGES TO SUPERSTRUCTURE (MAIN FRAMES) ARE LOCATED MUCH

FURTHER AWAY FROM DAMAGES TO OUTER SKIN

Damages to Cockpits Internals

Distribution of the damage density
over the cockpit floor

BREAKUP OF MAIN
FRAMES

10

PIC'S CONTROL COLUMN

A
LEFT VIEW

REAR VIEW
RIGHT VIEW

STA 212.5

STA 204.5

LEFT SIDE OF
COCKPIT FLOOR

FWD

FWD

LEGEND
212.5

SUPERSTRUCTURE ELEMENTS (MAIN FRAMES)

ENTRY HOLES IN COCKPIT FLOOR

FWD

FWD

Open-end holes on the righthand side of the control

column cannot be made
without the body break-up
unless the sub-munitions were
moving from the left-hand
side.

OPEN-END HOLES IN MAIN FRAMES

BREAKUP OF MAIN FRAMES
WHITE ARROWS INDICATE DIRECTION OF MOVING FRAGMENTS

COMPLETE DAMAGE AREA IN COCKPIT FLOOR

SUB-MUNITIONS WERE MOVING ALONGSIDE

AIRCRAFT BODY

Damages to the Left Wing and Left-hand Side of Stabilizer

LEFT WING BORE BRUNT OF SHRAPNELS

11

Damages to Left Engine

12

LEFT ENGINE BORE BRUNT OF FRAGMENTS

Front view

Rear view

~ 14 mm

Damages to Left Engine

13
FRONT VIEW

FRONT VIEW
1

~ 14 mm

REAR VIEW

Hole Form
DIAMOND ~ 14 mm
(HIGH INTENSITY)

REAR VIEW

~ 14 mm

TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS OF THE AIRCRAFT BODY CAN BE

PENETRATED ONLY BY HIGH-IMPACT ELEMENTS PREFRAGMENTED ELEMENTS OF HIGH OR LOW DENSITY

REAR VIEW

Key Conclusions on Aircraft Damages

STA 196.5 204.5

STA 212,5

14
STA 228,5

1. The break-up of the structural members (main frames) in the

area of the left-hand side cockpit canopy could be caused only by a
submunition moving along the aircraft body.
2. The damages to the left engine and left wing were inflicted by
the impact of pre-armed submunitions and fragments of the missile
body.

Real-life Experiment

SIMULATION

15

Specific Pattern of Fragments Front Generated by 9N314M WH

Static model of the warhead

Dynamic model of the warhead

Specific distribution pattern of submunitions

Launch from Snezhnoe scenario

16

, /
, /

900

1 500

800

VPE_MAX= 2,400 m/s

1 400

700

1 300

600

1 200

500

-54
-57
-59 -58 -55
-62
-60
-64 -62
-66
-64

1 100

400

1 000

300

900

200

800

100

700

-68
-70
-71
-74

600

-75

-100

500

-77

-200

-79

- 88
400

-300

-81

300

-400

-92

-66
-68
-70

71
73

-76
-77

75
77

-80

79

-900

-300
-400

-1 100

-500

-1 200

-600

-1 300

-700

-1 400

-800

-1 500

-900

-2 400

-2 200

-2 000

-1 800

-1 600

-1 400

-1 200

-1 000

-800

-600

-400

-200

200

400

600

800

1 000

1 200

1 400

1 600

1 800

2 000

2 200

2 400

72
74
76
78
80
8283
86

87 87

-93
-95

- 95

88

89
91
93

93
95

-200

-1 000

-5

54
57
55
60
58
62
60
64
62
64
66
67
68
69
70

-72
-74

-91
-92
-94

-92

-100

-800

38 40
43
47
42
49
44 47
51
49
53

-87 -88

-89
-91

-90

-700

38

-87

-88

100

-600

- 42

-83-83

200

-500

-42
-50 -47 -46-44
-52
-50 -47
-52

91

95

90

92

93

95

V9381= 600 m/s

VB777= 252 m/s

-1 000
-2 400

Distribution of density and kinetic energy

-2 200

-2 000

-1 800

-1 600

-1 400

-1 200

-1 000

-800

-600

-400

-200

200

400

600

800

1 000

1 200

1 400

1 600

1 800

2 000

Version presented by Concern VKO Almaz-Antey

2 200

, /
1 600

VPE_MAX= 2580 m/s

1 500
1 400

NDP EDP

1 300
1 200

-57
-60
-62 -61 -58
-64
-63
-66 -65
-68
-67
-70
-68
-70
-72
-73 -72
-74
-75
-77 -76

1 100
1 000
900
800
700
600
500

-80
-82

300

74
76
78

76
78
80
8383
87

-93

-91
-93
-95

88 88

-94
-95

- 95

88

90
92
94

95
98

-300

96

97

92
94

91

93

-400
-500

V9381= 730 m/s

-600
-700

Submunition distribution model

52
55
53
58
56
60
58
63
61
63
65
65
67
67
69
70
72
72
74

-81

-200

OVER 42 % OF WEIGHT OF SUBMUNITIONS

OVER 50 % OF KINETIC ENERGY

-16

-88 -89

-90
-92

-92

-100

33 36
40
43
38
46
40 43
49
46
50

-87

-89
-91

33

- 46

-84
-84

200
100

-46

-78
-79

-79

400

- 89

-53 -51 -50-48

-55
-54 -51
-56

-800
-2 600

-2 400

-2 200

-2 000

-1 800

-1 600

-1 400

-1 200

-1 000

-800

VB777= 252 m/s

-600

-400

-200

200

400

600

LEGEND
SCALPEL FORMATION SECTOR
DIRECTION OF SCALPEL REAR FRONT
SET-OFF POINT

800

1 000

1 200

1 400

1 600

1 800

2 000

2 200

2 400

Simulated Results:

17

Concern VKO Almaz-Anteys Scenario

9381
0

CONDITIONS AT WHICH MISSILE HITS AIRCRAFT

14

X, km
6

10

Y
16

QHOR

Z
QVER

X
QHOR= 72

18

+ 6
- 6

20

QVER= 20-22 +-66

22

10

Z, km

938

14
15

10

X, km

16
15
18

20
20

Z, km
5 km

22

Z, km

X, km
4

10

Simulation Results:

18

Concern VKO Almaz-Anteys Scenario

9381

938
Y

Y
X, km
QHOR

14

QVER

QHOR

10

Z
QVER

X
16

18

QHOR= 74.58

QHOR= 73.03

20

QVER= 10,49
V9M38M1 ~ 685 m/s

22

Z, km

XL= 7,780

QVER= 20.89

ZL= 17,850

V9M38 ~ 733 m/s

Simulation Results:
Concern VKO Almaz-Anteys Scenario

Damages :
1. Left wing

- a minimum of 4 submunitions

2. Left engine

- a minimum of 22 submunitions

19

Simulation Results:
Launch from Snezhnoe Scenario

Damages :
1. Left wing

- 0 submunition

2. Left engine

- 0 submunition

20

Simulation Results
Launch from Snezhnoe Scenario

Concern VKO Almaz-Anteys Scenario

21

STAGE 1: 9N314M

JUL 31, 2015

Experiments Objectives:
Confirm the submunition trajectory path
Confirm the mechanical (penetrating) impact of submunitions
Run a comparative analysis of damages and submunitions

22

Experiment. Stage 1

23

Confirm Mechanical (Penetrating) Impact of Submunitions

High-speed camera No. 1

24

10,000 frames/s

T 0.445 ms

T + 12.055 ms

Solid obstacle (trap)

High-speed camera No. 2
T + 0.483 ms

T + 2.183 ms

10,000 frames/s

T + 59.855 ms

Confirm Mechanical (Penetrating) Impact of Submunitions

Solid obstacle (trap)

1: Aluminum 2.0 mm
2: Solid foam 260.0 mm
3: Boards 750.0 mm

I-BEAM
13138.2mm

7.91 g
7. 63 g

Collected fragments

7.73 g
6.58 g

6.84 g

6.27 g

6.86 g

5.23 g

6.79 g

5.90 g

DIAMOND
8x8x5 mm
1.88 g

2.01 g

DIAMOND

6x6x8.2 mm
1.82 g 1.76 g 1.85 g 1.73 g 1.59 g 1.87 g

25

Confirm Mechanical (Penetrating) Impact of Submunitions

Retrieval of the submunitions from the solid obstacle
(trap)
MECHANICAL (PENETRATING) IMPACT BY I-BEAM FRAGMENTS IN
DURAL EQUIVALENT:

12.2 26.3 mm (DEPENDING ON ENTRY ANGLE)

26

9N314M

JUL 31, 2015

27

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

6.53 g

8.10

+ 0,6
-
0.1

7.51 g

7.37 g

7.91 g

7.73 g

6.02 g

4.53 g

G
7.91 g

DIAMOND (8x8x5 mm)

2.35

+ 0.15
- 0.15

2.06 g

1.93 g

2.19 g

1.89 g

2.01 g

1.77 g

1.85 g

2.05 g

1.89 g

DIAMOND (6x6x8.2 mm)

2.10

+ 0.01
- 0.17

BODY FRAGMENTS

1.82 g

1.85 g

1.73 g

1.59 g

1.87 g

6.35 g
A

1.76 g

1.27 g

1.07 g

2.44 g

1.93 g + 0.52 g

3.62 g

2.31 g

2.34 g

16.05 g

1.59 g

0.74 g

0.57 g

9N314M

JUL 31, 2015

28

DIAMOND (6x6x8.2 mm)

DIAMOND (8x8x5 mm)

Typical holes from pre-armed submunitions

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

9N314M

JUL 31, 2015

29

Typical holes from

pre-armed I-BEAM type submunitions

Obstacle No. 2

Obstacle No. 5

Obstacle No. 4
C

Exterior Appearance of Holes from Warhead Fragments

TARGET

Fragments of Missile Bay Body

30

17

TARGET

17

TARGET

17

TARGET

17

TARGET

17

TARGET

17

Damage Assessment

1.0

1.1

31

1.1

1.3

1.5

1.3
1.0

1.5

Stage One Results of Experiment

Computer Simulation

Experiments Resuls

32

Pre-armed Submunitions (Experiment: Stage 1)

DIAMOND (6x6x8.2 mm)

DIAMOND (8x8x5 mm)

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

top view

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

33

STAGE 2: 938M1

OCT 07, 2015

Experiments Objectives:
Assess the damages the full-size aircraft by submunitions
Confirm the mechanical (penetrating) impact of submunitions
Run a comparative analysis of damages and submunitions

34

Velocity Analysis of Pre-armed SM, Missile and Aircraft

FRAGMENTS FRONT: Static Position

V9381= 0 m/s

VB777= 0 m/s

35

Calculation of Fragment Velocity and Dispersion Radius

"Geometry Textbook for 7-11-year school
students,
5th edition, A. V. Pogorelov, 1995
8 year, paragraph 10,

Addition of Vectors page 159

"

36

"LAUNCHING ANTI-AIRCRAFT MISSILES,

3rd Edition, F.K. Neupokoev, 1991, Chapter
5. Area of Potential Damage to Target page
188

"Once the warhead is detonated,

travel speed will geometrically be added to the
target's own speed generated by fragments
using the warhead power. "

"
Fragment of the program code that includes the addition of the projected velocity vectors of low-intensity
submunitions of a surface-to-air missile and aircraft
for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
{
V.push_back(Point((LightSplintersInitialPositionType1VectorAfterTurn[i].x + time *
(LightSplintersVelocityType1VectorAfterTurn[i].x + MissileVelocityArray.x + PlaneVelocityArray.x)),
(LightSplintersInitialPositionType1VectorAfterTurn[i].y + time * (LightSplintersVelocityType1VectorAfterTurn[i].y +
MissileVelocityArray.y + PlaneVelocityArray.y)), (LightSplintersInitialPositionType1VectorAfterTurn[i].z + time *
(LightSplintersVelocityType1VectorAfterTurn[i].z + MissileVelocityArray.z + PlaneVelocityArray.z))));
}

Velocity Analysis of Pre-armed SM, Missile and Aircraft

FAGMENTS FRONT : Based on Missile velocity 600 m/s

V9M38M1

V9381= 600 m/s

VB777= 0 m/s

37

Velocity Analysis of Pre-armed SM, Missile and Aircraft

FAGMENTS FRONT : Dynamic Position
(Missile Velocity 600 m/s, 777 Velocity 252 m/s)

V9381= 600 m/s

VB777= 252 m/s

38

Obtaining Adjustment Corrections

39

Static Position
(Missile Velocity 0 m/s),
Aircraft Velocity 0 m/s)

Dynamic Position
(Missile Velocity 600 m/S,
Aircraft Velocity 252 m/s)

COLLISION PARAMETERS
Y

QVER
QHOR

Z
X

QVER

QHOR= 17
QVER= 7
V9M38M1 ~ 600 m/s
VAIRCRAFT = 252 m/s

QHOR

Dynamic-to-Static Position Conversion

Calculations results of Target-86 airframe damage to provide dynamic-to-static position conversion
(9M38M1 SAM and IL-86 airframe)

Number of triangular areas forming the cockpit canopy surface

Number of calculated fragments (pre-armed fragments + body fragments)

Number of processed options

OVER 14 millions

40

Fragment Coverage Area

Dynamic Position (Missile Velocity 600 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 252 m/s)

QHOR= 17
QVER= 7
V9M381 ~ 600 m/s
VAIRCRAFT ~ 252 m/s

Static Position (Missile Velocity 0 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 0 m/s)

QHOR= 33.5
QVER= 16.5
V9M381 - 0 m/s
VAIRCRAFT - 0 m/s

ADJUSTMENT
CORRECTIONS
QHOR= + 16.5
QVER= + 9.5

41

Fragment Coverage Area

Dynamic Position (Missile Velocity 600 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 252 m/s)

QHOR= 17
QVER= 7
V9M381 ~ 600 m/s
VAIRCRAFT ~ 252 m/s

Static Position (Missile Velocity 0 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 0 m/s)

QHOR= 33.5
QVER= 16.5
V9M381 - 0 m/s
VAIRCRAFT - 0 m/s

ADJUSTMENT
CORRECTIONS
QHOR= + 16.5
QVER= + 9.5

42

Entry Hole Angles of Submunitions

Dynamic Position (Missile Velocity 600 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 252 m/s)

QHOR= 17
QVER= 7
V9M381 ~ 600 m/s
VAIRCRAFT ~ 252 m/s

Static Position (Missile Velocity 0 m/s, Aircraft Velocity 0 m/s)

QHOR= 33.5
QVER= 16.5
V9M381 - 0 m/s
VAIRCRAFT - 0 m/s

ADJUSTMENT
CORRECTIONS
QHOR= + 16.5
QVER= + 9.5

43

Distribution of sub-munitions

Dynamic Position
(Missile Velocity 600 m/s,
Aircraft Velocity 252 m/s)

Static Position
(Missile Velocity 0 m/s,
Aircraft Velocity 0 m/s)

44

Baseline Data for Experiments Target Layout

45

PLACEMENT ON CRADLE
1,000*

VERTICAL PLANE
- 250 (X381)

QVER= 16.5

1,273

MC

(Y381)

+ 7,000**

1,500

190

+ 500**

"Y0" EARTH

381 = 342.6 kg
(with exhausted engines)

X0

X8 m

BAY CENTER 2 (ALIGNMENT POINT)

* - all in mm

PRODUCT MASS CENTER

"0" OF TARGET (CROSSING OF CENTER LINE AND
OBJECT'S NOSE PART)

** - at a height of object cradle 500 mm at 8 m

Baseline Data for Experiments Target Layout

46

PLACEMENT ON CRADLE
HORIZONTAL PLANE

X0

OBJECT "86" BODY NOSE

- 250 (X381)

- 3,350

Z0

OBJECT "86" BODY CENTER

LINE

(Z381)

MC
QHOR= 33.5

381 = 342.6 kg
(with exhausted engines)
BAY CENTER 2 (ALIGNMENT POINT)
PRODUCT MASS CENTER
"0" OF TARGET (CROSSING OF CENTER LINE AND
OBJECT'S NOSE PART)

* - all in mm

Baseline Data for Experiments Target Layout

47

QVER= 16.5
Y381
+7,000
6,080

+ 500

X381

+ 500

- 250

9381
QVER

QHOR

Z381 - 3,350

QHOR= 33.5
QHOR= 33.5

QVER= 16.5

Preparatory Work for Experiment

Product 9M38M1

Warheaf 9N314M

9M38M1 MISSILE ARMED AND IS 40 SECONDS INTO FLIGHT

48

Preparatory Work for Experiment

49

Installation of Target No. 1 (nose part)

Target No. 2
(left engine)

Preparatory Work for Experiment

Installation of the test bench

50

Preparatory Work for Experiment

Unloading of product 9381

Final preparation stage of warhead 9N314M

51

Preparatory Work for Experiment

Insertion of the warhead into Product 9381

Final stage preparation of Product 9381

52

Preparatory Work for Experiment

Installation of Product 9381 onto the test bench

53

Preparatory Work for Experiment

54

Deployment of Product 9381

Target No. 2
(left engine)

Target No. 1
(nose part)

Experiment: Stage 2

55

Damage Analysis

56

Cockpit (left view)

Cockpit (view from inside)

Cockpit (front view)

Cockpit (top view)

Hole in Starboard Side

FRAGMENTS RETAINING HIGH VELOCITY

FRAGMENTS LOSING HIGH VELOCITY

57

Damages

Exit holes on the right-hand side

58

Damage Analysis

59

Cockpit (left view)

Damage Analysis

60

Typical holes from I-BEAM submunitions

(13138,2 mm)
A

Damage Analysis

61

A
B

Typical holes from I-BEAM submunitions (13138,2 mm)

A

Damage Analysis
Roof structural member (complete with the main frame)
of the cockpit behind the left glass panel

Fragment No. 1

Port side structural element in the area of the PICs side

window

Fragment No. 3

62

Roof structural member (complete with the stringer) of

above the PICs seat

Fragment No. 2

Roof structural member above the PICs seat

Fragment No. 4

Damage Analysis

63

Port side structural element behind the PICs seat

Fragment No. 5

Locations of Fragments Collection

64

Damage Analysis
Open-end hole in the stringers

65

Damages to Superstructure
Stimulation Results

Main frames of port side behind

the cockpit canopy

QHOR= 17
QVER= 7
V9M381 ~ 600 m/s

Break-up of main frames

66

Damage Analysis

67

Damage Analysis

68

Port Side
Before the experiment

After the experiment

Key Conclusions on Damages to Aircraft

69

1. On the left-had side the cockpit canopy the SM entered at

angle without ricocheting
2. Nature of damages to the aircraft superstructure is totally
different from those sustained by 17
3. The left engine and left wing are outside of the impact by the
fragments front

Missile Fragments

70

Missile Fragments

71

Verification of Simulation Results

Position of the missile and the target before the experument
Experiments layout

Simulation

Damages to the nose part of the aircraft

Experiments results

Simulation
results

72

Submunitions

Retrieval of the I-BEAM submunition

73

Pre-armed Submunitions (Experiment: Stage 2)

DIAMOND (6x6x8.2 mm)

DIAMOND (8x8x5 mm)

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

TOP VIEW

Original exterior view of prearmed SM

74

SIDE VIEW

Pre-armed Submunitions

75

Test report on warhead

9314
(archive records )
I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

I-BEAM (13138.2 mm)

Experiment: Stage 1

Experiment: Stage 2

Original exterior view of IBEAM pre-armed

SM

Frame Submunitions
Retrieved from the traps of the shield target

. 1

Size comparison of pre-armed submunitions and fragments

of the warhead body

76

Retrieved from Target No. 1 (aircraft forward part)

Experiment : Stage 2

Size comparison of holes made by submunitions and

fragments of the warhead body
TARGET No. 1
(aircraft forward part)

DAMAGES TO THE ENGINE ARE DELINEATED BY COMBINATION OF ARMED SUB-MUNITIONS AND

FRAGMENTS OF WARHEAD BODY BAY
IMPACTING IN MAIN FIELD OF DEBRIS

Results of Full-size Real-life Experiment

77

ELABORATION ON TYPE OF MISSILE

Type of Missile 938 complete with warhead 9314 (without I-beams)

VALIDATION OF COLLISION PARAMETERS OF

MISSILE AND AIRCRAFT
The parameters of the missile colliding into the aircraft obtained by the
Concerns team have been validated during the full-size real life
experiment.
The most probable location of the missile launch is the area to
the south of Zaroshchenskoe.