RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This section contains the tabulated data, analysis and interpretation of results.
Table 1
Profile Distribution of the Respondents
N=99
Age
13-14
15-16
17-18
Sex
Male
Female
Location
Urban
Rural
Educational Attainment
Elementary Level
Graduate (Elementary)
High School Level
Graduate (High School)
College Level
Teledramas Preferred By
Adolescents
On The Wings Of Love
(ABS-CBN)
The Half Sisters (GMA)
Flordeliza (ABS-CBN)
Nasaan Ka Nang Kailangan
Kita (ABS-CBN)
Nathaniel (ABS-CBN)
Pangako Sa'yo (ABS-CBN)
Bridges of Love (ABS-CBN)
The Rich Man's Daughter
(GMA)

f
3
60
36

%
3.00
60.60
36.40

28
71

28.30
71.70

49
50

49.50
50.50

0
0
16
3
80

0.00
0.00
16.20
3.00
80.80

42

42.40

3
3
6

3.00
3.00
6.10

5
30
6
3

5.10
30.30
6.10
3.00

Table 2
Perceptions of Adolescents on the Elements of a Teledrama

N=99
Elements

Mean

Std. Deviation

Interpretation

Rank

1. Direction
A teledrama is more
effective when the
director succeeds in
transforming the
teleplay into life and
when he clearly
conveys his
understanding of the
material with the use
of the different
elements of a
teledrama.
2. Teleplay
A teledrama is
effective if it has
meaningful
substance or
experience being
tackled, and if it is
pulled altogether in a
way that it is original
as to the needs of
the medium of the
teledrama.
3. Acting
A teledramas
casting and acting is
effective if the actors
and actresses
successfully
convinced the
viewers about the
character they are
conveying, made
clear to the viewers
the motives that each
character possesses,
and let them bear
witness to the
personal and social
connections of the

4.6869

.60011

Agree

4.7071

.53932

Agree

4.7677

.55011

Agree

characters.
4. Production
Design
A teledramas
production design is
effective if it can
creatively execute
the setting, make-up,
costume, props, set
design and the
persona being
demanded by the
reality of the teleplay.
5. Cinematography
A teledramas
cinematography is
effective if it
successfully
conveys the plot with
the use of lighting,
composition,
movement and other
related techniques of
camera work.
6. Casting
A teledrama is
effective if the
casting of characters
is efficient.
7. Editing
A teledramas editing
is effective if it
creatively scaled
down or expanded
time, space and
movement to more
vividly convey
whatever the makers
of the teledrama
wants the viewers to
understand.
8. Musical Scoring
A teledramas
musical scoring is
effective if it makes
meaning more

4.4949

.71961

Agree

4.7071

.61033

Agree

4.7071

.62682

Agree

4.4747

.79979

Agree

4.6061

.68241

Agree

visible, expounds the

atmosphere and
emotions, helps in
identifying personas
and compliments the
rhythm and flow of
the teledrama.
9. Sound Effects
A teledramas overall sound is effective
when the dialogues,
music, sound effects
and silence and all of
these are operated in
an artistic manner.
Composite Mean

4.6566

.70221

Agree

3.07183

.64786

Agree

Television, as perceived by Curl (1927), plays many roles: baby sitter,

companion, entertainer and instructor. It was believed that its increasing influence
centers of those aired on primetime television. It is said that primetime TV has the
widest effect on the lives of people. Programs that entertain the viewers also provide
lessons that the viewers can relate to. This, in turn, molds their values and affects their
personality at the most critical stage of adolescence.
According to Table 2, the top three most significant elements when it comes to
measuring the effectivity of a teledrama are (1) Acting, (2) Teleplay and (3)
Cinematography. On the contrary, the three elements that are lowest when it comes to
ranking are (7) Musical Scoring, (8) Production Design and (9) Editing.
Table 3.1
Comparison of elements when grouped according to Age
N= 99
Elements
Direction
Teleplay

F
3.052
1.784

p-value
0.052
0.173

Interpretation
Not Significant
Not Significant

Acting
Production Design
Cinematography
Casting
Editing
Musical Scoring
Sound Effects

1.706
2.936
2.610
5.512
2.486
6.259
4.531

0.187
0.058
0.079
0.005
0.089
0.003
0.013

Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Significant
Not Significant
Significant
Significant

Based from the result, it can be seen that 'Casting', 'Musical Scoring' and 'Sound
Effects shows significant relationships on adolescent viewers' age. This was revealed
by the obtained p-value which is less than 0.05 level of significance. This indicates that
the effectiveness of a teledrama in terms of casting, musical scoring and sound effects
affects the adolescents' viewing habits in terms of age.
National surveys show that children spend an average of three-four hours/day
watching television. Adding in their time watching videotapes, playing video and
computer games, and surfing the internet, children average six hours per day in front of
the screen. A recent study found that 1/3 of 2-7 year-olds and 2/3's of 8-18 year-olds
have a TV set in their bedroom. By the time children enter kindergarten, they have
watched an average of 4,000 hours of television, more time than they have spent in
preschool.
Television viewers are more likely to watch shows that employ racially diverse
casts and writers, according to a new study done at UCLA's Ralph J. Bunche Center for
African American Studies.
The importance of diversity to the bottom line was just as pronounced in
broadcast television as it was in cable during the 201112 season, the researchers
found. Median household ratings peaked among broadcast television shows that were

41 to 50 percent minority, while ratings took a dive for shows with casts that were 10
percent minority or less.
At the same time, scoring for television has always had something of a catchall
element to it. Some composers frantically clef away to keep pace with a merciless
week-to-week deadline, while others (particularly on cable) are able to tackle the task at
a more leisurely pace.
Table 3.2
Comparison of elements when grouped according to Sex
N= 99
Elements
Direction
Teleplay
Acting
Production Design
Cinematography
Casting
Editing
Musical Scoring
Sound Effects

F
1.451
4.065
2.031
4.694
1.947
0.992
5.606
5.430
4.252

p-value
0.231
0.047
0.157
0.033
0.166
0.322
0.020
0.022
0.042

Interpretation
Not Significant
Significant
Not Significant
Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Significant
Significant
Significant

This table shows that when grouped according to sex, the variables 'Teleplay',
'Production Design', 'Editing', 'Musical Scoring' and 'Sound Effects' were found to have
significant differences less than the set alpha (0.05). This means that the perception of
the adolescents when it comes to teleplay, production design, editing, musical scoring
and sound effects vary based on the respondents' gender.
According to Field (2010), You can never make a good movie out of a bad
screenplay. Indeed, it is possible to have a good script with poor production value and
subsequently a poor film, but challenging to see the other way around. Field continued,0
A screenplay is the foundation of a movie. If its not there, like in any building, its gonna

weaken and crumble. This idea of the screenplay as the start, the spawn, the
foundation of the final work of art seems the strongest support for the idea that it is
therefore the most pertinent piece of the product.
On the other hand, because of production design, movies have overcome the
constraints of time and wealth. Only few people experienced the sinking of the Titanic or
what it was like when Abraham Lincoln finally passed the Thirteenth Amendment.
Outstanding production design allows viewers to feel like they were undergoing these
events. It allows an audience to relive history. In Production Design and the History of
Film, C.S. Tashiro explains, Film design works from the difference between the physical
world as it exists and the requirements of a particular narrative (Tashiro, 2004, p. xvi).
The powerful mixture between history and cinema offers the ultimate experience.
What enhances the film to be viewed and memorable are its elements, the story,
the performances, the lighting, the choice and quality of film or digital medium, the
sound quality, the choice of music, especial the underneath (background) mood music,
color corrections, and the cuts. Editing or post production is crucial to smoothly
including all the elements of a good movie. Post production is very important. It is the
final polish of a process that may have taken a long time to put together. It is the magic
and seamlessness of sound and image bits, shot and running simultaneously, that form
the smooth flowing visual story presented to an audience.
The function of musical scoring in the movies and television is a very wide field.
Music can serve several purposes that are either important on the emotional side of the
movie or help/enhance the storytelling. It is not only helpful but essential for any
director/producer to keep the music in mind when planning/shooting the movie or

television drama. For example collages that practically dont work at all without film
music can have a fantastic effect later with the appropriate music.
At the same time, sound is very important, it must be crisp, sound effects, if used
to draw attention to a turning point in a movie, such as a backfire from a car or a
crashing sound of metal on metal when a sequence calls for a car crash, must only
draw a temporary focus to them, but then must quickly return the story to its driving
element, usually the characters moving the story. Sound is more important overall as
the comfortable background noise running under the scene. Audiences hate silence.
Music editing, while most people are aware of the Title song, if it is sung and or played
by a popular musician, but the background music, that is played underneath to draw a
certain emotion into the scene, is equally, if not more so, important to the film and it
must be edited in such a way where it is seamless and does not interfere with the
audiences enjoyment of the movie.

Table 3.3
Comparison of elements when grouped according to Location
N= 99
Elements
Direction
Teleplay
Acting
Production Design
Cinematography
Casting
Editing
Musical Scoring
Sound Effects

F
2.141
1.571
0.019
1.097
0.045
0.013
0.471
3.357
3.935

p-value
0.147
0.213
0.889
0.298
0.833
0.910
0.494
0.063
0.050

Interpretation
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant

Table 3.3 shows that there are no significant differences between the elements
when grouped according to the respondents' location. Therefore, this means that the

perception of adolescents regarding the elements' contribution to the effectiveness of a

teledrama do not vary whether a respondent resides in a rural or urban area.
Table 3.4
Comparison of elements when grouped according to Educational Attainment
N= 99
Elements
Direction
Teleplay
Acting
Production Design
Cinematography
Casting
Editing
Musical Scoring
Sound Effects

F
2.695
2.927
2.146
2.173
1.868
2.133
2.472
3.077
1.558

p-value
0.073
0.058
0.123
0.119
0.160
0.124
0.090
0.051
0.216

Interpretation
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant

Table 3.4, just like table 3.3, shows that there are no significant differences
between the elements when grouped according to the respondents' educational
attainment. With this, the results indicate that no matter what a respondent has attained
on the educational level, his viewing habits and notion about a teledrama's effectiveness
when based on its elements doesn't differ.
Table 3.4
Comparison of elements when grouped according to Preferred Teledrama
N= 99
Elements
Direction
Teleplay
Acting
Production Design
Cinematography
Casting
Editing
Musical Scoring
Sound Effects

F
1.051
1.034
0.903
2.076
4.151
2.427
3.161
0.687
1.456

p-value
0.404
0.416
0.517
0.046
0.000
0.020
0.003
0.702
0.185

Interpretation
Not Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant
Significant
Significant
Significant
Significant
Not Significant
Not Significant

Based

on

the

result,

it

can

be

observed

that

'Production

Design',

'Cinematography', 'Casting' and 'Editing' shows significant relationships on adolescent

viewers' preferred teledrama. This was disclosed by the obtained p-value which is less
than 0.05 level of significance. This specifies that the effectiveness of a teledrama in
terms of 'Production Design', 'Cinematography', 'Casting' and 'Editing' influences the
adolescents' viewing habits in terms of their preference in teledramas.
Because of production design, movies have overcome the constraints of time
and wealth. Only few people experienced the sinking of the Titanic or what it was like
when Abraham Lincoln finally passed the Thirteenth Amendment. Outstanding
production design allows viewers to feel like they were undergoing these events. It
allows an audience to relive history. In Production Design and the History of Film, C.S.
Tashiro explains, Film design works from the difference between the physical world as
it exists and the requirements of a particular narrative (Tashiro, 2004, p. xvi). The
powerful mixture between history and cinema offers the ultimate experience.
According to Barnali (2010), cinematography techniques are of vital importance
to any filmmaker as they help tell the story of the film in the most effective manner
possible. As a director of photography, it is important to learn the most precise and
effective cinematography techniques to not only do the job effectively, but to keep up
with the ever evolving world of cinematography techniques. Cinematography is often
defined as painting with light and as such, it is important to remember that it is a
discipline that is both technique and art.

Below are five of the most important

cinematography techniques employed by ace cinematographers.

Casting is one of the keys to producing a really good film (OMurchu, 2011). If
you run an effective casting, you will put yourself ahead of the competition dramatically.
An Amateur film is always obvious. The big give away is actors who cannot act. So
therefore it is imperative that you organize a successful casting. This way your film or
television show will look professional.
What enhances the film to be viewed and memorable are its elements, the story,
the performances, the lighting, the choice and quality of film or digital medium, the
sound quality, the choice of music, especial the underneath (background) mood music,
color corrections, and the cuts. Editing or post production is crucial to smoothly
including all the elements of a good movie. Post production is very important. It is the
final polish of a process that may have taken a long time to put together. It is the magic
and seamlessness of sound and image bits, shot and running simultaneously, that form
the smooth flowing visual story presented to an audience.