Experimental study of a hybrid cooling tower

BY

Jednipat
Puechpanpaisan
Nuttawut
Meekla
Muhammad Hamza Sarwar
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wanchai Asvapoositkul
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
KING MONGKUTS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY THONBURI

Outline
Introduction
Literature Review
Objectives
Scope of research
Time schedule

Project I 1st draft

P. 2

Introduction

Fig.1
Ref: https://whatiswatertreatment.files.wordpress.com

Project I 1st draft

Fig. 2

P. 3

Introduction
Cooling tower
Types?

Wet cooling
tower

Dry cooling
tower

Hybrid (wet/dry)
cooling tower

Project I 1st draft

P. 4

Comparison Advantage &

Disadvantage
Wet cooling tower

Disadvantages
Water loss

Advantages
High performance
Low power consumption

Fig. 6 Wet cooling tower [2]

Project I 1st draft

P. 5

Comparison Advantage &

Disadvantage
Dry cooling tower

Advantages
No water loss
Easy to clean because it is a close system
No water basin

Disadvantages
Low performance
Large size
High power consumption

Fig. 7 Dry cooling tower [2]

Project I 1st draft

P. 6

Comparison Advantage &

Disadvantage
Hybrid Cooling
Tower

Advantages
Low water consumption
High performance than Dry cooling
tower

Disadvantages
Difficult to operating

Fig. 8

Project I 1st draft

Fig. 9

P. 7

Experimental Hybrid cooling tower

Fig. 11

Fig. 10 Experimental under research of Asvapoosikul, W. andKuansathan [4]

Project I 1st draft

- Mechanical draft
- Counter flow
induced draft
P. 8

Literature Review

(2011)

(2008-2009)

Rezaei, E., Shafiei, S. and Abdollahnezhad, A. [5]

- Reduce water consumption
- A computer code was also written to
simulation
- 12 compact air cooled heat exchangers was
designed and constructed
- Finally feasibility study was carried out to
choose the best operating conditions for
the hybrid cooling tower

Project I 1st draft

Treeutok, S. [6]
Performance capability mechanical
draft counter flow cooling tower
Predict characteristic curve with CTI
standard
Analyze Thermal performance with
CTI standard and TDA then compared

(2012)
-

Kuansathan, T. [7], [8]

Compared Dry and Wet
cooling tower performance
Reduce plume condensation
about 21 77 %
Predict Wet and Dry cooling
tower behavior by
representative of conditions in
Thailand

P. 9

Literature Review
Kuansathan, T. [7], [8]

Result

Experimental conditions

- Thermal performance is up to mass flow rate of

water (L) divided by mass flow rate of air (G)
- When mass flow rate of air (G) increasing the
Thermal performance will increasing too but COP
will be decrease that cause by system requires
power higher.
- If using COP to be the criteria for determining
Thermal performance it should be use higher hybrid

ratio ( )

- In August to mid-October Hybrid cooling tower can

reduce the water loss as much as possible.
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid (Wet/Dry) Cooling Tower in Thailand [7]

Project I 1st draft

P. 10

Literature Review
Our conditions

Experimental conditions

Range
of dry
section

Range
of wet
section

Tdb,in = 50

Tdb,out = 47

Range of dry section =50 47 = 3

Weather conditions in Thailand.
Performance Evaluation of Hybrid (Wet/Dry) Cooling Tower in Thailand [7]

Twb = 23 30
Tdb = 28 35
Resource: Thai Meteorological Department at Don Mueang airport station

Project I 1st draft

P. 11

Parameters

Inside air (V)

Project I 1st draft

P. 12

Parameters

Flow rate of water

(L)

Project I 1st draft

P. 13

Parameters

Outside water of dry section

( Tw,out)
Inside water of dry section
( Tw,in)

Outside water of wet section

( Tw,out)

Project I 1st draft

P. 14

Parameters

Dry bulb temperature

( Tdb)

Wet bulb temperature

( Twb)

Project I 1st draft

P. 15

Parameters

Effectiveness

Project I 1st draft

[7]

Wet tower characteristic

[7]

P. 16

Parameters

Power (kW) G (kg/s) [7]

Project I 1st draft

COP G (kg/s) [7]

P. 17

Objectives
1. To study how Hybrid (dry/wet) cooling tower works
2. To study performance of a Hybrid (dry/wet) cooling tower
3. To study the proper functioning of dry and wet cooling tower from performance curve

4. To study and find out COP of three kinds of Cooling tower

Project I 1st draft

P. 18

Scope of work
1. To study principle operating of the experimental equipment of Hybrid (dry/wet)
cooling tower that consist of Casing & Louver, Water Distribution System, Fans, Fill,
Collection Basin, Drift Elimination, Radiator and Pump
2. To study performance of Hybrid (dry/wet) cooling tower
3. Use COP as the benchmark to comparison heat exchanger performance of the
three kinds of cooling tower

Project I 1st draft

P. 19

Time schedule
Procedure

2015
Jul. Aug.

Sep.

Oct. Nov.

2016
Dec. Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr. May.

1. Study research articles that related with the research

2. Planning and scope of works
3. Study instruction of the experimental equipment
4. Prepare the experimental equipment
5. Improve Hybrid Cooling tower
6. Ready to test the experimental
7. Calculate characteristic performance of Hybrid (dry/wet) Cooling Tower

8. Calculate characteristic performance of Hybrid (dry/wet)

Cooling Tower and conclusion

Project I 1st draft

P. 20

Reference
1. ASHRAE Handbook HVAC Systems and Equipment, 2012, Chapter 40 Cooling tower, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.,

Atlanta, USA, pp. 40.1-40.23.

2. .. . . 5. : , 6 , 312-359.
3. Cooling Technology Institute, Technical Paper Number TP93-01, Cooling Technology Institute, Houston,1993.

4. Asvapoosikul, W. and Kuansathan, T., 2014, Comparative evaluation of hybrid (dry/wet) cooling tower performance, Journal of Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol.
71, pp. 83-93.
5. Ebrahim Rezaei, Sirous Shafiei, Aydin Abdollahnezhad, 2008 2009, Reducing water consumption of an industrial plant cooling unit using hybrid cooling tower,

Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 51, pp. 311 319.

6. Supawat Treeutok, 2011, A simplified Methode on Thermal Performance Capacity Evaluation of Counter Flow Cooling Tower, Applied Thermal Engineering 27,
Issues 5-6, pp. 910 917.

7. Mantheerapol Kuansathan, 2012, Performance Evaluation of Hybrid (Wet/Dry) Cooling Tower in Thailand, Journal of Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 51,
pp. 311 319.

8. Mantheerapol Kuansathan, 2012, Computational Model and Analysis of Hybrid (Wet/Dry) Cooling Tower Concept for Thailand, Cooling Technology Institute, Vol.
31, pp. 2 23.

Project I 1st draft

P. 21

End

RECOMMENDATION & QUESTION

Project I 1st draft

P. 22

Make up

Introduction
Cooling Tower Types ?
(By flow type)
Mechanical draft

Counter flow
induced draft

Project I 1st draft

Counter flow
forced draft

Natural draft

Cross flow
induced draft

Cross flow
forced draft

P. 1

Natural Draft Cooling Tower

Fig. 1 Natural draft Cooling Tower [1]

Project I 1st draft

Fig. 2
Ref: http://spxcooling.com/

P. 2

Mechanical Draft Cooling Tower

Fig. 3 Conventional Mechanical-Draft Cooling Towers [1]

Project I 1st draft

P. 3

 Hybrid Cooling Tower

Fig. 4 The actual using of Cooling tower [3]

Project I 1st draft

P. 4

Picture

Project I 1st draft

P. 5

Method

Calculated by Tchebyshev method and CTI standard

Project I 1st draft

P. 6