10/6/2015

MustKnowArticlesofIndianConstitutionClearIAS

MustKnowArticlesofIndianConstitution
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IndianConstitutionwhenadoptedbyConstituentAssemblyin1949had395articlesand22parts.Manyotherarticlesandthree
otherpartswereaddedtoitbysubsequentconstitutionalamendments.AsofnowIndianconstitutioncontainsmorethan444
articlesin25parts.Inthispost.letscheckoutthemustknowarticlesofIndianConstitution.

MustKnowArticlesofIndianConstitution
Article

Importance

Article1235

SpecifytheFundamentalRightsavailable

Article3650

SpecifytheDirectivePrinciplesofstatepolicy

Article51A

SpecifiestheFundamentalDutiesofeverycitizen

Article80

SpecifiesthenumberofseatsfortheRajyaSabha

Article81

SpecifiesthenumberofseatsfortheLokSabha

Article343

Hindiasofficiallanguage

Article356

ImpositionofPresidentsRuleinstates

Article370

SpecialstatustoKashmir

Article395

RepealsIndiaIndependenceActandGovernmentofIndiaAct,1935

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PS:ItsnotexpectedfromaUPSCaspiranttobyheartallarticlesinIndianConstitution.Buthe/sheisexpectedtohaveafair
ideaaboutthenatureandsalientfeaturesofIndianConstitutionlikeFederalism,SeparationofPowers,FundamentalRightsetc.

ImportantArticlesofIndianConstitution
Part1Art.1toart.4
Article1Nameandterritoryoftheunion.
Article2AdmissionandEstablishmentofthenewstate.
Article3Formationofnewstatesandalterationofareas,boundaries,andnameofexistingstates.
Part2Art.5toart.11
Article5Citizenshipatthecommencementoftheconstitution.
Article6RightsofcitizenshipofcertainpersonwhohavemigratedtoIndiafromPakistan.
Article10continuanceofrightsofcitizenship.
Article11Parliamenttoregulatetherightofcitizenshipbylaw.
Part3Art.12toart.35
Article12Definitionofthestate
Article13Lawsinconsistentwithorinderogationofthefundamentalrights.
Originally,constitutionprovidedfor7basicfundamentalrights,nowthereisonlysixrights,oneRighttoproperty
U/A31wasdeletedfromthelistoffundamentalrightsby44thamendmentact1978.ItmadealegalrightU/A
300AinPartXIIoftheconstitution.

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SomeimportantFundamentalRightsareas:
RighttoEquality:Art.14toArt.18

Article14Equalitybeforethelaw.
Article15Prohibitionofdiscriminationonthegroundsofreligion,race,caste,sex.Orplaceofbirth.
Article16Equalityofopportunityinmattersofpublicemployment.
Article17Abolitionoftheuntouchability.
Article18Abolitionoftitles
RighttoFreedom:Art.19toart.22

Art.19guaranteestoallthecitizensthesixrights
1. (a)Righttofreedomofspeechandexpression.
2. (b)Righttoassemblepeacefullyandwithoutarms.
3. (c)Righttoformassociationsorunions.
4. (d)RighttomovefreelythroughouttheterritoryofIndia.
5. (e)RighttoresideandsettleinanypartoftheterritoryofIndia.
6. (f)Righttopracticeanyprofessionortocarryonanyoccupation,trade,andbusiness.

Article20Protectioninrespectofconvictionforoffences.
Article21Protectionoflifeandpersonalliberty.
Article22Protectionagainstarrestanddetentionincertaincases.

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RightagainstExploitation:Art.23&art.24

Article23Prohibitionoftrafficinhumanbeingsandforcedlabour.
Article24Prohibitionofemploymentofchildreninfactoriesandmines.Underageof14.
RighttoFreedomofReligion:Art.25toart.28

Article25Freedomofconscienceandfreeprofession,practiceandpropagationofreligion.
Article26Freedomtomanagereligiousaffairs.
Article27Freedomastopaytaxesforpromotionofanyparticularreligion.
Article28Freedomfromattendingreligiousinstruction.
CulturalandEducationalRights:Art.29&art.30

Article29Protectionofinterestofminorities.
Article30Rightofminoritiestoestablishandadministereducationalinstitutions.
Article32RemediesforenforcementofFundamentalRights.
Part.4DirectivePrincipalofstatesPolicy:Art36toart.51
Article36Definition
Article37ApplicationofDPSP
Article39AEqualjusticeandfreelegalaid
Article40Organisationofvillagepanchayat

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Article41Righttowork,toeducation,andtopublicassistanceincertaincases
Article43LivingWages,etc.forWorkers.
Article43AParticipationofworkersinmanagementofindustries.
Article44Uniformcivilcode.(applicableinGoaonly)
Article45Provisionforfreeandcompulsoryeducationforchildren.
Article46Promotionofeducationalandeconomicinterestofscheduledcastes,ST,andOBC.
Article47Dutyofthestatetoraisethelevelofnutritionandthestandardoflivingandtoimprovepublicheath.
Article48Organisationofagricultureandanimalhusbandry.
Article49Protectionofmonumentsandplacesandobjectsofnaturalimportance.
Article50Separationofjudiciaryfromexecutive.
Article51Promotionofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.

FundamentalDuties:PartIVAArt51A
Itcontains,originally10duties,nowitcontains11dutiesby86thamendmentsact2002.
Part5Union(52151)
Article52ThePresidentofIndia
Article53ExecutivePoweroftheunion.
Article54ElectionofPresident
Article61ProcedureforImpeachmentofthePresident.
Article63TheVicepresidentofIndia.
Article64TheVicePresidenttobeexofficiochairmanthecouncilofStates.

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Article66ElectionofVicepresident.
Article72PardoningpowersofPresident.
Article74CouncilofministertoaidandadvicePresident.
Article76AttorneyGeneralforIndia.
Article79ConstitutionofParliament
Article80CompositionofRajyaSabha.
Article81CompositionofLokSabha.
Article83DurationofHousesofParliament.
Article93ThespeakersandDeputyspeakersofthehouseofthepeople.
Article105Powers,Privileges,etcoftheHouseofParliament.
Article109Specialprocedureinrespectsofmoneybills
Article110DefinitionofMoneyBills.
Article112AnnualFinancialBudget.
Article114AppropriationBills.
Article123PowersofthePresidenttopromulgateOrdinancesduringrecessofparliament.
Article124EstablishmentofSupremeCourt.
Article125SalariesofJudges.
Article126AppointmentofactingChiefjustice.
Article127Appointmentofadhocjudges.
Article128AttendanceofretiredjudgeatsittingoftheSupremeCourt.
Article129SupremecourttobecourtofRecord.
Article130SeatoftheSupremecourt.

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Article136SpecialleavesforappealtotheSupremeCourt.
Article137ReviewofjudgementorordersbytheSupremecourt.
Article141DecisionoftheSupremeCourtbindingonallthecourts.
Article148ComptrollerandAuditorGeneralofIndia
Article149DutiesandPowersofCAG.
Part6States(152237)

Article153GovernorsofState
Article154ExecutivePowersofGovernor.
Article161PardoningpowersoftheGovernor.
Article165AdvocateGeneraloftheState.
Article213PowerofGovernortopromulgateordinances.
Article214HighCourtsforstates.
Article215HighCourtstobecourtofrecord.
Article226PowerofHighCourtstoissuecertainwrits.
Article233AppointmentofDistrictjudges.
Article235ControloverSubordinateCourts.
Part7238Repealed
Part8239242UnionTerritories
Part9243243OPanchayats

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Article243AGramSabha
Article243BConstitutionofPanchayats
Part9A243P243ZGMunicipalities
Part10:ScheduledandTribalAreas244
Part11:CenterStateRelations245263
Part12:Finance,Property,ContractsandSuits(264300A)

Article266ConsolidatedFundandPublicAccountsFund
Article267ContingencyFundofIndia

Article280FinanceCommission
Article300ARighttoproperty.
Part13:Trade,CommerceandIntercoursewithintheterritoriesofIndia(301307)

Article301Freedomtotrade,commerce,andintercourse.
Article302PowerofParliamenttoimposerestrictionsontrade,commerce,andintercourse.
Part14:ServicesUnderCenterandState(308323)

Article312AllIndiaService.
Article315Publicservicecommissionsfortheunionandforthestates
Article320FunctionsofPublicServiceCommission.

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Part14A:Tribunals(323A323B)

Article323AAdministrativeTribunals
Part15:Elections(324329)

Article324Superintendence,directionandcontrolofElectionstobevestedinanElectionCommission.
Article325Nopersontobeineligibleforinclusioninortoclaimtobeincludedinaspecial,electoralrollon
groundsofreligion,race,caste,orsex.
Article326Electionstothehouseofthepeopleandtothelegislativeassembliesofstatestobeonthebasisof
adultsuffrage.
Part16:SpecialProvisionstoSC,ST,OBC,Minoritiesetc(330342)

Article338NationalCommissionfortheSC,&ST.
Article340Appointmentofacommissiontoinvestigatetheconditionsofbackwardclasses.
Part17:OfficialLanguage(343351)

Article343OfficiallanguagesoftheUnion.
Article345Officiallanguagesorlanguagesofastates.
Article348LanguagestobeusedintheSupremeCourtandintheHighCourts.
Article351DirectivefordevelopmentoftheHindilanguages.
Part18:Emergency(352360)

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Article352Proclamationofemergency(NationalEmergency).
Article356StateEmergency(PresidentsRule)
Article360FinancialEmergency
Part19:Miscellaneous(361367)

Article361ProtectionofPresidentandGovernors
Part20:AmendmentofConstitution(368)

Article368PowersofParliamentstoamendtheconstitution.
Part21:Special,TransitionalandTemporaryProvisions(369392)

Article370SpecialprovisionofJ&K.
Article371ASpecialprovisionwithrespecttotheStateofNagaland
Article371J:SpecialStatusforHyderabadKarnatakaregion
Part22:ShortText,Commencement,AuthoritativeTextinHindiandRepeals(392395)

Article393ShorttitleThisConstitutionmaybecalledtheConstitutionofIndia.

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