RESULT

Experiment A
Table: The differential pressure and refractive index with manipulated heater power
Power (kW)

Time Taken (s)

Boil-up Rate
(L/h)

P, Pressure
Drop (cm H2O)

Refrective Index

0.50

146

2.22

66

1.44673

0.75

61

5.31

81

1.44497

1.00

45

7.20

210

1.44554

1.25

17

19.06

224

1.45296

1.50

10

32.40

155

1.46229

Degree of foaming on tray

Table: Degree of foaming on tray
Power (kW)
0.50

Degree of foaming on tray

Description
The foaming produced
on tray was at normal
level.
Foaming not moving
vigorously

The foam produced at the

top of the tray was
increasing.
Foaming occurs start
moving vigorously

0.75

1.00

1.25

The foam produce is

moving very fast and
become violent
Foaming become more
vigorous
The level of foaming
starting to reach the top

The foam produced

increased rapidly
The collision between
the foam hit the wall
rapidly
The
level
of
vigorousness
has
maxed out

The level of foam

produced was so high
that it no longer
clearly visible by

naked eyes
1.50

35
30
25
20
Boil-up Rate (L/h)

15
10
5
0
0.5

0.75000000000000089

Power (kW)

Graph of Power Versus Boil-up rate

1.25

1.5

250

200

150
P, Pressure Drop (cm H2O)
100

50

0
0.5 0.75000000000000056

1.25

1.5

Power (kW)

Graph of Power Versus Pressure Drop

The mixture composition of methylcyclohexane and toluene

Concentration of

Vol. of methyl (mL)

Vol. of Toluene (mL)

Refractive Index (RI)

methyl
0%
0
100
1.49684
25 %
2.849
7.151
1.47599
50 %
5.0
5.0
1.44324
75 %
7.151
2.849
1.42614
100 %
100
0
1.42319
Table : The mixture composition between methyl and toluene with refractive index
Molecular weight of methyl = 98.19
Molecular weight of toluene = 92.15
Density of methyl = 0.774 g/mL
Density toluene = 0.867 g/mL

Calculation:
The volume needed for desired concentration of methyl:

25 % of methyl
25=

25=

MW MCH
( VolMCH ) ( MCH ) ( Vol TOL ) ( TOL)
+
MW MCH
MW TOL
100
(Vol TOL )
( TOL) MW MCH
+ 1+
+
( Vol MCH )
( MCH ) MW TOL

3= ( Vol TOL ) ( TOL ) MW MCH

( Vol MCH ) ( MCH ) MW TOL

( Vol TOL )
MW TOL ( MCH )
=3

MW MCH ( TOL)
( Vol MCH )
( Vol TOL )
92.15 ( 0.774 )
=3

98.19 (0.867)
( Vol MCH )
( Vol TOL )
=2.51
( Vol MCH )
For 10 mL of mixture:

( Vol TOL )
=2.51
( 100Vol TOL )
Vol TOL =7 .1 51mL

Vol MCH=10 7.151

2.849 mL

75 % of methyl was vice versa with 25 % of methyl

Vol TOL =2.849 mL

Vol MCH=7 .151mL

50 % of methyl gave equivalent value for both solutions

Vol TOL =5 mL
Vol MCH=5 mL

0 % of methyl:
Vol TOL =10 mL
Vol MCH=0 mL

DISSCUSSION

Through the experiment A in distillation column, the heater power is manipulated. As the
heater power increase, the temperature also increase. Thus, the faster time taken for the toluene
and methyl solution to separate which cause the boil-up rate value to increase. The pressure drop
also increase as the power heater increase but at 1.5 kW power, the pressure drop is decrease a
little because the pressure have reached the limit. The refractive index also increase because of
the high toluene content in the distillate through the experiment.
Based from the figure showed above, the degree of foaming generally was increased with every
increases of the heater power. At heater power 0.5 kW the foaming was at normal level and
moving not rapidly. The degree of foaming was gradually increased with increasing of heater
power. Based on the process, foaming is a function of the fluids present and the degree to which
they are agitated. To a pretty large extent in a distillation column the higher the pressure drop, the

more agitation and therefore the more violent the foaming. This can be said that it's because high
pressure drop is equal high gas velocity of the vapors being forced through the many orifices in
the trays.