Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
On
AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of
Bachelors of Technology
In
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Session 2012-16
Submitted To
Submitted By
Er.Pawan Punia
HOD (EEE Deptt.)
Jaskawal Singh
Amanpreet Kaur
On
AUTOMATIC PLANT IRRIGATION SYSTEM
Submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of
Bachelors of Technology
In
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Session 2012-16
Er.Pawan Punia
HOD (EEE Deptt.)
Kaur
Submitted By
Jaskawal Singh
Amanpreet
CANDIDATES DECLARATION
2 | Page
3 | Page
Date:
Project
Supervisor
Er. Pawan Punia(HOD,EEE
Deptt.)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Pawan
Punia (HOD,EEE), for his valuable guidance
and timely suggestions during the entire
duration of my dissertation work, without
which this work would not have been possible.
I would also like to convey my deep regards to
all other faculty members of Saraf Institute of
Engineering and Technology, who have
bestowed their great effort and guidance at
appropriate times without which it would have
been very difficult on my part to finish this
work. Finally , I would also like to thank my
friends for their advice and pointing out my
mistakes.
4 | Page
ABSTRACT
The motivation for this project came from the
countries where economy is based on
agriculture and the climatic conditions. The
farmers working in the farm land are solely
dependent on the rain and bore wells for
irrigation of the land. Even if the farm land has
a water-pump, manual intervention by farmers
is required to turn the pump on/off whenever
needed. The aim of this project is to minimize
this manual intervention by the farmers.
Two main purposes of the automated irrigation
are due to the high level precision of the device,
there is no un-planned usage of water, a lot of
water is saved from being wasted, and the
irrigation is done only when there is not
enough moisture in the soil and the sensors
decides when the pump should be turned
on/off, saves a lot time for the farmers. This
also gives much needed rest to the farmers, as
they dont have to go and turn the pump on/off
manually.
5 | Page
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter No.
Page
Name
Introduction..................................07
Components..................................08
6 | Page
Conclusion....................................18
References.....................................19
INTRODUCTION
The agriculture plays the important role in the
economy and development of the country. In
daily agricultural field, Irrigation is the most
important cultural practice and most labor
intensive task. Knowing when and how much
to water are two important aspects of
irrigation.
So this research project is an excellent solution
for such kind of problems in the country
irrigation field. Here is a simple project more
useful in watering plants automatically without
any human interference. We may call it as
Automatic Plant Irrigation System.
The system is an electronic circuit. It will allow
irrigation to take place in zones where watering
is required, while bypassing zones where
adequate soil moisture is indicated. The main
aim of this research project is to provide
automatic irrigation to the plants which helps
in saving money, labour-power and water.
7 | Page
COMPONENTS
Resistors (10K,10K,330)
LM-324 IC
NE-555 Timer
Capacitors (100uf,0.1uf)
Variable Resistor( 100K)
2 LEDs
Relay (6V,100 ohm)
Diode (1N4007)
8 | Page
9 | Page
Figu
re 2: CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
11 | P a g e
Figure 3: LM324 IC
Two stiff copper wires are inserted in the soil
containing plants. As long as the soil is wet,
conductivity is maintained and the circuit
remains off. When the soil dries out, the
resistance between the copper wires (Switch
S1) increases. If the resistance increases beyond
a preset limit, output pin 1 of op-amp U2A goes
low. This triggers timer IC2 (NE 555)
configured as a monostable Mmultivibrator.
12 | P a g e
Fig
ure 4: NE 555 TIMER IC
As a result, relay is activated for a preset time.
The water pump starts immediately to supply
water to the plants. As soon as the soil becomes
sufficiently wet, the resistance between sensor
probes decreases rapidly. This causes pin 1 of
op-amp U2A to go high. LED1 glows to
indicate the presence of adequate water in the
soil. The threshold point at which the output of
op-amp U2A goes low can be changed with
the help of preset potentiometer R5.
To arrange this circuit, copper wires are
inserted in the soil to a depth of about 2 cm,
keeping them 3 cm apart. When the soil gets
dried, potentiometer R5 adjusted towards
ground rail until LED1 turns off and relay is
energized. The motor starts pumping the water.
LED1 glows up as the water reaches the
probes. The timing components for U1 are
13 | P a g e
16 | P a g e
CONCLUSION
Efficient Irrigation Management is a major
concern in many planting systems. In this
project, present technology allowed farmers to
maximize their productivity while saving
labour. This report shows in detail, the design
of the hardware architecture. The performance
of the whole system proved its high reliability.
Potential applications of this system can be
extended by integrating automatic embedded
system water-level controller with it to protect
the water pump from dry run. The circuit is
more effective indoors if one intends to use it
for long periods. For regulating the flow of
water, either a tap can be used or one end of a
rubber pipe can be blocked using M-seal
compound, with holes punctured along its
length to water several plants.
19 | P a g e
REFERENCES
[1] Irmak, S; Haman, D.Z.2001. Performance
of water mark granular matrix sensors in
sandy soils. Applied Engineering in Agriculture
17(6):787-795.
[2] Muoz- Carpena, R. 2004. Field device for
monitoring Soil water Content. Extension Bul.
343 of the Dept. of Agr. and Bio. Engineering,
University of Florida.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AE266. Last accessed 21
April 2005.
[3] Muoz Carpena, R., Li, Y.; Olczyk, T.
2002. Alternatives for Low Cost Soil Moisture
Monitoring Devices for Vegetable Production
in the South Miami-Dade County Agricultural
Area. Fact Sheet ABE 333 of the Dept. of Agr.
and Bio. Engineering, University of Florida.
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AE230.
20 | P a g e