Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Eddie Soon Eu Hui, Asst. Prof. Roberts Hedley, Dr. Daniela Leva
Limkokwing University, University of East London, Limkokwing University
{eddie@limkokwing.edu.my , H.Roberts@uel.ac.uk, daniela@limkokwing.edu.my }
Abstract
This paper focuses on virtual reality application
utilising a design approach to produce an interactive
prototype for the usage of visualization and
reconstruction of forensic research. This involves
different levels of 3D simulation and animation resulting
in variations of outputs. This proposed interactive
prototype would serve as a guide to research the process
of developing predefined outcomes of forensic training
and archiving particularly in Malaysia. The research
looks into developing a virtual forensic lab that serves as
an online community of forensic researchers, and has
potential to grow over time. The virtual lab also serves
as a database library of existing forensic cases that are
translated to a digital form. The application also
generates new object-oriented environments enabling
new conditions and situations that are not based on
existing archive cases. This paper focuses on the
methodology of the prototype creation.
Keywords --- Interactive, 3D Simulation and
Animation, Reconstruction, Visualization
1. Introduction
Because they are ephemeral, scenes of crime present
difficult data visualization problems. In all but the most
exceptional circumstances, a scene must be examined
quickly, and then returned to its original state [1]. This
creates obstacles for crime scene investigators as well as
forensic examiners as they have very little time to record
as much information as possible at a scene before the
scene is cleared-up or contaminated. This typically
involves making detailed on-site measurements, and the
use of conventional video and photography, for
subsequent analysis. From then on, the analysis can take
various physical or digital forms to be processed.
With reference to the many areas of forensic
research, this research concentrates on the areas of
spatial and environmental studies, simulated within a
digital representation. The source materials and data
gathered from a crime scene can better be analysed and
2. Literature Review
The underlying technologies and principles of VR
have evolved over the last 30 years. Ivan Sutherland first
wrote about a computer-generated illusion: The screen
is a window through which one sees a virtual world. The
challenge is to make that world look real, act real, sound
real, feel real. It has taken over the past two decades or
so for computer graphics (CG) industry to become a
commercialised industry to provide for virtual realities,
and the gap to realize that goal is almost sealed.
The research outlines four key elements in
supporting the architecture of VR. The elements are
classified into Virtual World, Immersion, Interactivity
and Application.
the
flow
of
3. Methodology
The prototype application simulates a virtual scene
that enables 3D elements to be manipulated in virtual
space. This is based on a covariance matrix of preset
object-oriented representation in 3D space. The primary
interest is of this study is to define how efficient is the
relationship of subject space in a virtual environment.
Scene objects are based on a proper scale construction
with the correct aspect ration with reference to the real
world. Thus, a better sense of space and depth can be
understand as the user manipulates the perspective and
angle controls. By having the user to navigate within the
scene and interact with the elements within the scene
construction, the research experiments on the data
collection process to measure the effectiveness of the
prototype application, as well as to define effective
methods to test the interactive design of the prototype
application.
4. Case Analysis
Using the precision and infinite adjustability of the
computer-generated scene, simulations can be helpful in
these areas:
Demonstrate of events otherwise impossible to
visualize.
Scene no longer exist as it was
Key physical evidence missing
Timing issues too complex to re-construct
Desired vantage point impossible to film or
video
4.1. What-if Analysis
There are many types of models, and they can be
classified in many ways. Models can be static or
dynamic, mathematical or physical, stochastic or
deterministic. [10]
A data model instance may be one of three kinds
conceptual schema, logical schema and physical schema.
There are two primary model types optimisation and
simulation. Optimisation models are prescriptive, but
simulation models are descriptive. The purpose of a
simulation model is to mimic the real system so that its
behaviour can be studied. By utilising the simulated
object-oriented scenes within VIP, a modeler can
perform experiments that are impossible, unethical, or
prohibitively expensive in the real world.
Every simulation model has two main components.
Firstly, it must include a representation of the physical
world relevant to the problem under study. It represents
the factors that characterize the physical and institutional
setting. Secondly, a simulation model must portray the
behaviour of the actors in the system. In this context,
behaviour means the way in which people respond to
different situations, how they make decisions.
4.2. Simulated Visual Analytics
Visual Analytics is defined as the formation of
abstract visual metaphors in combination with a human
information discourse (interaction) that enables detection
of the expected and discovery of the unexpected within
massive, dynamically changing information spaces. [11]
Commonly associated with the term Information
Visualisation or even Scientifi Visualisation, Visual
Analytics is commonly used to study life science or even
engineering issues such as mapping, scientific drawings
or even data ploting. It is deemed accurate and precise up
to a visual standpoint, but not entirely accurate and
precise in actual physical measurements in real-world
dynamic situation based on numerical calculation
representations.
The nature of VIP is targeted more towards the
category of training simulation. Training simulation
types can be classified into three categories Live
Simulation, Virtual Simulation and Constructive
Simulations. Training simulations deemed to be very
Conclusions
The experiment objectives are to create a real-time
virtual simulation environment and to experiment on the
level of the simulation in terms of dynamics and
kinematics elements. This involves scripting animation
sets within the interactive prototype application.
The nature of VIP is to have the user in a firstperson perspective in a self-controlled walkthrough
environment. This is mainly to simulate the feeling of
having the experience of walking through the real scene.
The prototype application serves as a training ground for
forensic agents to practice their skills.
Future development of the prototype application is
to utilise similar system architecture of VIP to be adapted
into larger system environments with a larger virtual
community cluster outside of the forensic field.
References
[1]