Correct answers given in blue or higlighted in yellow

September 26, 2013

Page 1 of 11

CH E 4353
Process Control
Exam I-Fall 2013

This is a closed book, closed note examination. You are permitted the following items.

programmable/graphing calculator
blank scratch paper
number 2 lead pencils
erasers
straight edge
one 8.5 x 11 page of equations, (1 side only)
Hard copies of Table 3.1. (Only Laplace transform pairs. No extraneous marks
permitted)

No other materials are allowed.

There are 25 questions worth a total of 125 points; each question is equally weighted.
Record the answer which is most nearly correct on the Scantron sheets provided.
Students who attended discussion on 9/20 will receive extra credit for correct answers
to the four additional questions on pages 10 to 11 (questions 26 to 29).
You may take your copy of the test with you when finished.

Page 2 of 11
Questions 1 to 7 refer to the CSTR in Figure 1. The reaction is endothermic and must be carried out above a certain temperature to
avoid quenching. For each symbol, enter the number of the corresponding description on the answer sheet.
Symbol

Description

1. Ti

1.

0. Controlled variable

2. Tf

4.

1. Disturbance variable

3. T

0.

2. Feedback control system

4. 180 C
5. P

1.

6. TT

6.

5.

7. System in
dashed
2.
enclosure

3. Feedforward control system

4. Manipulated variable
Steam pressure, P

180 C

Figure 1. Block Process Flow Diagram

5. Set point
6. Transmitter

Page 3 of 11
Figure 2 is a schematic of a non-isothermal CSTR, in which a first order, irreversible reaction occurs. Which equation(s) best
describe the dynamic behavior of this unit operation?
Nomenclature (where not obvious)
reactor space time

V F

scaled reaction enthalpy H C p

scaled heat loading

Qc

C V
p

axial position in reactor

average flow velocity

Figure 2. Non-isothermal CSTR

8. .
Response No.

Response

Response No.

dcA
kcA
dt

dcA 1
cAf cA kcA
dt

cA
c
u A kcA
t
z

Response

dcA
k0 e E RT c A
dt
dT
k0 e E RT c A
dt
dcA 1
cAf cA k0e E RT cA
dt
dT 1
T f T k0e E RT c A
dt
cA
c
u A ke E RT c A
t
z
T T
u
k0e E RT c A
t
z

Page 4 of 11
9. The material and energy balances around the

10. .Fitting data to an expression for the activity

overhead condenser of a distillation column

are
Response No.
Response

coefficients of a distillate is
Response No.
Response
0

Disturbance variable

Disturbance variables

First principles modeling

Empirical modeling

Load variable

First principles modeling

Manipulated variable

Load variables

Semi-empirical modeling

Manipulated variables

Set point change

Semi-empirical modeling

Set point changes

For problems 11 to 13, the response of the process in the s-domain is given by
2
Y s
2
s s 2 s 1
11. The value of y( ) is
Response No.

(1)

12. The value of y( ) is

Response

Response No.

Response

-4

-4

0.129

0.129

0.44

0.44

0.667

0.667

Page 5 of 11
14. For the s-domain rsponse X (s) 2 s 2 s 1

13. The qualitative behavior of y(t) is

Response No.

Response

bimodal

Convergent, exponential

Convergent, oscillatory

Critically damped

Divergent, exponential

Divergent, oscillatory

Overdamped

Underdamped

15. The Laplace transform of sinh(at) is1

Response No.

Response

1 sa
ln

2 sa
s
2
s a2
s 2 2a 2
s 3 4a 2 s
s
2
s a2
a
2
s a2
2a 2
s 3 4a 2 s
a
2
s a2

0
1
2
3
4
5
6

the qualitive behavior of x(t) is

Response No.
Response

sinh( x)

e x e x
2

Convergent, exponential

Convergent, oscillatory

Critically damped

Divergent, exponential

Divergent, oscillatory

Overdamped

Underdamped

Response No.
0
1
2
3
4

Hint: Use the Euler identity

bimodal

16. For the process modeled by

dy
2 1 2 y1 3 y2 2u1
dt
dy2
4 y1 6 y2 2u1 4u2
dt
The transfer function Y1 s U 2 s is

Response

1
s4
2
s4
4 s 1
s4
s 3
s4
2
s 3 s 4
6
s 3 s 4

4 s 1
s 3 s 4

Page 6 of 11
17. What is the Laplace transform X(s) of the
following system ?

18. What is the Laplace transform Y(s) of the

following system ?

d2y
dy
6 9 y cos t
2
dt
dt
dy 0
2, y 0 1
dt

d x
dx
6 25 x et
2
dt
dt
dx 0
x 0 0
dt
Response No.
0

1
2
3

Response

s 1

6s 25

Response No.

s 3
1

1
s 1 s 2 6s 25

6s 25

s 1

s 2 8s 8

s 3

s 3 s 2 1

s 3 8s 2 2 s 8
3

s 3

s 3 8s 2 2 s 8

1
s 1 s 10s 25

s 3

1
s 1 s 2 10s 25

s 8s 2 s 8
s 3 8s 2 2 s 8

s 2 8s 2

1
2
s 6s 25

Response

1
s 10s 25
2

s 3 s 2 1

s 3 8s 2 2 s 8

s 3

Page 7 of 11

19. The partial fraction expansion of

s s 1

s 2 s 3 s 4

is

Response No.

Response No.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

20. The partial fraction expansion of

Response

6
1
6

s2 s3 s4
1
6
6

s2 s3 s4
1
6

s2 s3
1
6

s2 s4
6
6

s4 s3
6
6
6

s2 s3 s4
6
6
1

s2 s3 s4

Response
No.
0

Response

j 3

6
s j 3
1

s
is
s s 1
2

j 3

6
s j 3

1 j 3
1 j 3
2
6
2
6
3
s 1 j
s 1 j 3
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
s
s 1
2
2
1 j 3
1
6
2
2
1
s
s 1 j 3
2
2
2
1 j 3
1
2
6
2
1
s
s 1 j 3
2
2
2

s 1

Response

1
3

s 1 s 12

1
3

s 1 s 12

3
1

s 1 s 12

s 1
s 1

5
6

s 1

1
s 1

s 1
21. The partial fraction expansion of

s4

is

Page 8 of 11

22. What is the time domain solution y(t) of the

following system ?

10

0
1

following system ?

dy
y 10 S (t ), y 0 1
dt

Response No.

23. What is the time domain solution x(t) of the

Response

9 10e

9 10e

10 9e

10 9e

11 10e

11 10e

10

Response No.

t3

2
3

10

Response

10

d 3x
1, x 0 x 0 x 0 0
dt 3

6
3
2

3 t
sin 3 t
cos 3 t sin
cos

3 t

Page 9 of 11
The mass balance on a CSTR conducting an irreversible, second order reaction is given
by

dCA q
CAf CA kCA2 , CA 0 CA0
dt
V

(2)

The balance can be greatly simplified by non-dimensionalization.

dy
u y Da y 2 , y 0 1
d

(3)

Equation (3) features the following dimensionless variables.

dimensionless time

dimensionless concentrations

Damkohler number Da

qt
V

(4)

C
CA
, u Af
C A0
C A0

(5)

kVCA0 rate of chemical reaction

q
rate of advection

(6)

24. The dimensionless steady

25. .The linearized dynamic model in terms of deviation

state is
Response
No.
0

variables is
No.

1
2
3
4
5

Response

4 Da u 1
y
2 Da
4 Da u 1
2 Da
4 Da 1 1
y
2 Da
4 Da 1 1
y
2 Da
y

y
y

4 Da u 1 1
2 Da

1
2

Response
dy
2 Da y 1 y, y 0 0
d
dy
2 Da y 1 y u, y 0 0
d
dy
2 Da y 1 y u, y 0 1
d

dy
2 Da y 1 y y u u , y 0 1
d

2
dy
u y Da y 2Da y 1 y y , y 0 1
d

2
dy
u y Da y 2Da y 1 y y u u , y 0 1
d

4 Da u 1 1
2 Da

Overbars indicate steady state values, primes denote deviation variables.

Page 10 of 11
A surge tank with a nonlinear outlet valve is illustrated in Figure 3.

Tank has crosssectional area A.

Figure 3. Surge tank with nonlinear valve.

The mathematical model for the tank is

A
26. The steady state tank height
is
Response
No.
0

1
2
3
4
5

Response

h qi
1
h 2
Cv

variables is
No.

1
2

h Cv 2
1
h 2
qi

(7)

27. .The linearized dynamic model in terms of deviation

q
h i
Cv
q
h i
Cv

dh
qi Cv h
dt

3
4

Response

dh
qi
dt
dh
A
qi
dt
dh
C
A
v h
dt
2 h
dh
A
2 hCv h
dt
dh
C
A
qi v h
dt
2 h
dh
A
qi 2 hCv h
dt
A

Page 11 of 11
28. The transfer function of the
tank is
Response
No.
0
1

change in inflow of magnitude a is

No.
Response

Response

H s
R

Q s s 1
H s 1 1

Q s R s 1

H s 1
1

Q s R 2 s 2 2 s 1

H s
R

Q s 2 s 2 2 s 1

H s
R

Q s s 1

29. The response of the tank in the time domain to a step

H s
R

Q s s 1

R 2 h / Cv , AR

h t aRe

h t e

h t 1 e

h t ae

h t aR 1 e

aR

aR

h t a 1 e
t