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Part 1
For their first project, Jennifer and Moe were allowed to bring a clients router back to the office to configure it.
They have connected it to an old PC with Windows 95 using the rollover cable that came with the router. They
have plugged the RJ-45 connector into the console port of the router, and the DB-9 connector into the COM2
port on the PC. They have configured HyperTerminal on Windows 95 to communicate with the router. Now,
they have called you for advice on what to do next.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Do you need to know more about the environment Moe and Jennifer are working in? What questions
should you ask them? Are there any passwords on the router? What vendor is the router from and what
model is the router? What is the ip address for the router?
Explain to them which password the system configuration dialog will prompt them for during the initial
configuration. The secret password.
Describe any particulars regarding those passwords. Each interface will have its own password.
What other passwords are available to them? Lower level passwords are available for use.
When and why might they want to implement these additional passwords? You would use them when
you did not need the super user password
Part 2
1.
2.
While configuring the router, Moe typed the erase flash command. He has called you in a panic! What
are the consequences of this action? Configuration of the router is wiped out.
What steps will the router go through when it boots if the router is not configured to boot from a
TFTP server?
a. The router performs a POST (Power On Self Test). The POST (Power On Self Test) tests the
hardware to verify that all components of the device are operational and present. For example,
the POST checks for the different interfaces on the router. The POST is stored in and run from
ROM (read-only memory).
b. The bootstrap program (The bootstrap is a program in ROM that is used to execute programs)
checks the Configuration Register value to find where to load the IOS. The default value of
configuration register is 0x2102 (hexadecimal value). The configuration register value 0x2102
indicates that the router should load Cisco IOS Operating System software image from Flash
memory and load the startup configuration with a console speed of 9600 baud rate. The
bootstrap looks for and loads the Cisco IOS software from flash if the configuration register value
is 0x2102.
c. The Bootstrap program is responsible for initializing hardware and finding where IOS program is
located and then loading IOS image. By default, the IOS software is loaded from flash memory in
all Cisco routers. Other possible location of the IOS image is a TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
server, configured in a computer).
d. If the Bootstrap program is not able to find a valid IOS image, it will act as ROM Monitor. ROM
Monitor is capable of providing a command-line environment that can be used to perform
certain configuration tasks, such as downloading IOS image using TFTP, recovering a lost
password, changing the configuration register value etc.
e. The IOS software looks for a valid configuration file stored in NVRAM. This file is called startupconfig.
f. If a Startup Configuration (startup-config) file is present in NVRAM, the router will load and apply
the configuration commands in Startup Configuration (startup-config) file. If a valid Startup
Configuration (startup-config) file is not in NVRAM, IOS will display System Configuration setup.
g. Once the startup-config configuration is loaded, IOS will present CLI interface in User mode.
3.
Lisa stopped by and saved the day. She found a backup flash file on a TFTP server. The IOS file name is
igs-j-1.111-5. What can they do to recover the routers operating system?
a. Router#copy tftp flash
b. Address or name of remote host []?1.1.1.2
c. Source filename []?igs-j-1.111-5.bin
d. Destination filename [igs-j-1.111-5.bin]?[enter]
e. %Warning: There is a file already existing with this name
f. Do you want to over write? [confirm][enter]
g. Accessing tftp://1.1.1.2/ igs-j-1.111-5.bin...
h. Loading igs-j-1.111-5.bin from 1.1.1.2 (via FastEthernet0/0):
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
i. [OK 21710744 bytes]
j. 21710744 bytes copied in 82.880 secs (261954 bytes/sec)
k. Router#