Beruflich Dokumente
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o il s e a l s
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction
Oil seal function
Sealing principle
4
4
4
5
5
6
6
Technical data
Choice of sealing material
Determining the right elastomer
Metal case
Spring
Pressure
Speed
Choice of correct lubricant
Leakage
Causes of leakage problems
Friction loss
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
Storage
16
Troubleshooting
17
18
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oil seals
Introduction
Betech Seals was founded in 1922 and is today
one of the market's leading suppliers of gaskets,
seals, mouldings, bellows, vibration dampers, and
sheet and plate work.
We offer a wide range of seals, including:
Oil seals
V-rings
Gamma rings
Bonded seals
Sealing profiles
O-rings
X-rings
D-rings
Square seals
Backup rings
This catalogue provides relevant technical
information on oil seals. The information is based
on our own experience and should therefore
be considered as rough, general, non-binding
guidelines.
We offer standard oil seals of type DIN 3760
with outside diameters of up to 1000 mm and
radial seals with outside diameters of up to 2400
mm. Besides standard rubber qualities, we offer
highly developed special compounds suitable for
demanding media and working conditions. We
can also develop new materials to meet customerspecific needs.
Garter spring
Dust lip
Spring groove
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oil seals
Standard oil seals
DIN 3760
All our oil seals conform to the German DIN 3760
standard and the ISO 9002 quality standard. DIN
3760 describes general requirements on oil seal
design, dimensions and tolerances.
Description
SC
TC
SB2
TB2
SA2
TA2
DC
* Recommended for sealing against dirt, dust and moisture on air side.
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oil seals
Metal case
As standard, the oil seal case is made of plain
carbon steel and treated to prevent corrosion.
Some special applications require a stainless steel
case however.
Spring
As standard, oil seals are supplied with a
galvanised steel spring. Springs are, however, also
available in stainless steel, acid-resistant steel,
bronze or elastomer.
Conversion table
DIN
Betech
Seals
SimritFreudenberg
Gaco
Dichtomatic
Kako
Simmerwerke
Eriks
SKF
3760A
SC
BA
WA
DG
HSM5
3760B
SB2
B1
ABI
WB
DF
CRW1
3760C
SA2
B2
WC
DFK
GV
CRSH1
3760AS
TC
BASL
WAS
DGS
ASL
RST
HMSA10
3760BS
TB2
B1SL
WBS
DFS
BSL
MST
CRWA1
3760CS
TA2
BSSL
WCS
DFSK
CSL
GVST
CRSHA1
3760AS-P
TCV
BABSL
WASY
FA
Oil seal:
Type:
Material:
OTR
SC
NBR
Shaft diameter:
Outside diameter:
Width:
d1
d2
b
Stainless steel:
SS
Designation:
OTR SC NBR
RST-D
= 35 mm
= 45 mm
= 7 mm
d1
35 45 7 SS
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d2
oil seals
Technical data
Choice of sealing material
Oil seals consist of a case and sealing lip. The case
is made of either plain carbon steel or stainless
steel while the sealing lip is made of elastomer.
Which material is most suitable? The choice of
material depends on temperature, shaft speed,
medium and the surrounding environment. As
standard, the sealing lip is made of oil-resistant
NBR rubber. If, however, the seal is to be used in
applications with high shaft speeds or aggressive
media, a wide range of other materials that are
more suitable for such conditions is also available.
Determining the right elastomer
NBR
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber
NBR has low compression set and good resistance
to hydraulic oils, diesel oils and mineral greases. As
it can withstand neither ozone nor UV radiation, the
material is unsuitable for outdoor applications. As
NBR is a very gas-tight material, it is often used in
applications involving gas.
Brand name: Nitrile, BunaN
Temperature range:
35 C to +120 C in oil / +90 C in water
FPM
Fluorelastomer
FPM has excellent resistance to mineral oils,
aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons,
concentrated and dilute acids and a wide variety
of other chemicals. It is also resistant to ageing,
ozone and weathering. On the other hand, FPM
Min. temp.
Engine
oil
Gearbox oil
SAE
Hypoid oil
ATF oil
Grease
Petrol
Water
Lye
Brake
fluid
NBR
-35
100
80
80
100
90
90
70
70
ACM
-20
130
120
120
130
-60
150
130
FPM
-15
180
150
150
170
150
100
100
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oil seals
Resistance table, elastomers
Resistance
NBR
ACM
VMQ
FPM
HNBR
PTFE
Wear
High temperature
3
Max. 100 C
2
Max. 150 C
1
Max. 180 C
1
Max. 200 C
2
Max. 150 C
2
Max. 200 C
Low temperature
Down to 40 C
Down to -30 C
Down to -50 C
Down to -15 C
Down to -40 C
Down to -80 C
Oil
(+ high
temperature)
2
(max. 80 C in
heavy-duty oils)
(max. 150 C
operating
temperature)
(max. 140 C
operating
temperature)
Chemicals
Price level
Economical
More expensive
than NBR
Relatively
expensive
Expensive
Metal case
The metal case or metal insert stiffens and
strengthens the seal. Metal cases designed for
standard oil seals are unsuitable for axial loads. In
applications where the oil seal is exposed to axial
loads, it is recommended that the seal be equipped
with a specially designed metal case.
d1 x R x
60.000
20000
40
3500
35
3000
30
25
2500
20
2000
1500
1000
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
500
20
40
60
80
100
120 140
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160
180
200 mm
V=
Spring
As standard, oil seals are equipped with galvanised
steel spring. For applications where the seal must
be capable of withstanding water or particularly
aggressive liquids, springs of stainless steel,
acid-resistant steel, bronze or elastomer are also
available.
Speed
The peripheral speed, rotational speed and
diameter of the shaft are important parameters
when choosing the most suitable elastomer.
oil seals
Choice of correct lubricant
To prevent leakage, a 1-3 m thick layer of lubricant
is required between the sealing edge and shaft.
The lubricant provides a film of liquid that forms an
interface between air on the one side and liquid on
the other. If the liquid film is broken, leakage may
result.
To obtain minimum friction, there must be a film of
liquid between the sealing lip and shaft. The film
acts as a lubricant, preventing friction and heat
generation. The lower the temperature, the longer
the expected service life of the seal. The sealing
lip must never be allowed to dry completely. When
used to seal oil or grease, the seal will seldom dry
out. Similarly, oil seals adjacent to ball bearings
will normally be lubricated sufficiently by the
ball bearing lubricant. When used to seal nonlubricating media, the seal should be lubricated
with oil or grease before fitting. With two-lipped or
double seals, the space between the two sealing
lips must be filled with grease prior to fitting. Note
though that the oil seal must be fitted in such a
way as to prevent the creation of overpressure
when applying the lubricant. To prolong oil seal
service life, a certain amount of leakage should be
accepted. In practice, however, such leakage will
be so small as to be immeasurable. If an oil seal is
allowed to dry out, it will very quickly rupture.
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Leakage
Leakage can be categorised and defined in various
ways.
Watertight:
Damp:
Wet:
Measurable
leakage:
Temporary
leakage:
Apparent
leakage:
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oil seals
Friction loss
0,6
70
0,4
0,3
60
0,2
50
40
30
0,1
0,0
20
10
1000
2000
3000
4000
shaft speed (rpm)
5000
Friction loss
Friction not only has consequences for the oil
seal sealing lip. Excessive friction may also cause
unintended power loss from the system.
Some friction loss is inevitable as the sealing
principle of oil seals is based on the friction arising
between the sealing lip and shaft where the two
components are separated by a very thin film of
liquid. For any given shaft diameter and rotation
speed, the friction coefficient depends on the
friction between the actual oil seal and the shaft.
Measuring the precise amount of friction loss is
difficult. However, the diagram in the next column
illustrates the relationship between power loss,
shaft diameter and shaft speed for standard oil
seals with standard high-quality oil (SAE 30) at
100C.
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6000
80
0,5
power loss (hp)
oil seals
Design and installation
Design of shaft and housing
Shaft
Shaft surface finish is critical for the efficiency
and service life of the oil seal. It is important that
the shaft be free of helical grooves as these can
transport the medium along the shaft and cause
leakage. The problem can be prevented by rolling
or plunge grinding the shaft surface.
chamfer
fitting direction y
Chamfer
d1
6
d3
4.8
d1
24
d3
21.5
d1
52
d3
48.3
d1
85
d3
80.4
d1
160
d3
153.0
d1
340
d3
329.0
5.7
25
22.5
55
51.3
90
85.3
170
163.0
360
349.0
6.6
26
23.4
56
52.3
95
90.1
180
173.0
380
369.0
7.5
28
25.3
58
54.2
100
95.0
190
183.0
400
389.0
10
8.4
30
27.3
60
56.1
105
99.9
200
193.0
420
409.0
11
9.3
32
29.2
62
58.1
110
104.7
210
203.0
440
429.0
12
10.2
35
32.0
63
59.1
115
109.6
220
213.0
460
449.0
14
12.1
36
33.0
65
61.0
120
114.5
230
223.0
480
469.0
15
13.1
38
34.9
68
63.9
125
119.4
240
233.0
500
489.0
16
14.0
40
36.8
70
65.8
130
124.3
250
243.0
17
14.9
42
38.7
72
67.7
135
129.2
260
249.0
18
15.8
45
41.6
75
70.7
140
133.0
280
269.0
20
17.7
48
44.5
78
73.6
145
138.0
300
289.0
22
19.6
50
46.4
80
75.5
150
143.0
320
309.0
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11
oil seals
Dynamic eccentricity
Line of
shaft centre
rotation
Rotation
centre
Shaft
Bore
centre-line
Shaft
Shaft run-out
12
Max.
shaft run-out
Rotation
centre
0,3
0,2
Q
0,1
0,0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Concentricity
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
0,0
25
50
75
Housing
Steel and cast iron provide ideal surfaces for
both rubber-coated and metal seals. For soft
alloys (e.g. aluminium), rubber-coated seals
are recommended. Metal seals cannot be
recommended for bearing housings of plastic or
nylon.
Housing bore
The housing bore should have a diameter of [d2]
with ISO H8 tolerance and a surface roughness from
Ra = 1.6 to 6.3, R2 = 10 to 20 m and Rmax=25 m.
To facilitate fitting, a 5-10 chamfer is recommended.
Concentricity
Shaft run-out
0,4
shaft run-out (mm)
Shaft run-out
Concentricity (mm)
Housing bore
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oil seals
Oil seals must be fitted concentrically,
perpendicular to the shaft. It is recommended that
a fitting tool be used in order to facilitate fitting
and reduce the possibility of faults. The sealing lip
should usually face the medium to be sealed and
must be able to move freely.
Oil seals
for special applications
If the required sealing design cannot be achieved
using a standard solution, special oil seals are also
available.
Oil seals for pressure applications
Standard oil seals are primarily designed for nonpressure applications. At peripheral speeds of less
than 8 m/s, standard oil seals can, however, usually
withstand pressures of up to 0.5 bar. At pressures
greater than 0.2 bar and high peripheral speeds or
pressures greater than 0.5 bar and low peripheral
speeds, backup rings or specially designed oil
seals should be used. Although backup rings can
be used together with oil seals, we recommend the
use of our specially designed oil seals for pressure
applications.
Description
SCV
Reinforced sealing
lip designed for
overpressure
TCV
Reinforced sealing
lip designed for
overpressure, with
dust lip
50
100
150
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
Betech Seals
designation
25
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
rpm
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13
oil seals
Radial seals
Radial seals are rubber oil seals reinforced with
fabric rather than metal. Radial seals are designed
to seal ball bearings in rolling plants, paper mills,
heavy-duty gearboxes and offshore applications.
As standard, radial seals are made of NBR, but are
also available in FPM.
Advantages:
- Precision machining of housing not
necessary.
- Easy fitting.
- No problems with corrosion.
- Easy replacement.
Shaft
Tolerance of shaft diameter: ISO h9
Surface roughness: R2 = 4 m
Surface hardness: min. 55 HRC
D5S
D6
D7
Housing
Bore diameter: ISO H8
Surface roughness: R2 = 16 m
Description
Standard profile
with fabric insert
reinforcement and
grooves for ensuring
optimum lubrication
of sealing lip
when fitted back to
back
Plate
With ring-shaped
flange in addition to
grooves.
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oil seals
of the seal. The length and angle of the chamfer
should comply with the following drawing and
diagram:
Housing
Bore diameter in compliance with the following
table:
20
15
10
5
0
200
shaft chamber
length (a)
Shaft diameter
(d)
Bore
diameter (D)
Tolerance
>140 mm
0.12
0.05
400
600
shaft diameter
800
1000
1200
bore chamber
length (b)
Split seals
Split seals are dynamic seals with no metal case
but with a metal spring and split design.
140 200
0.15
0.07
200 300
0.15
0.10
300 450
0.20
0.12
< 450 mm
0.20
0.15
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15
oil seals
Storage
To prevent the material from ageing, the following
guidelines should be observed when storing oil
seals. In our experience, oil seals are best stored
in a dry, dark and dust-free place at a temperature
of between +15 C and +25 C. It is also important
to avoid storing the seals in the vicinity of ozone
sources, e.g. electric machinery and direct sunlight.
High humidity may cause some elastomers to
deteriorate and metal cases and springs to rust. Oil
seals should never be hung on nails or the like for
storage. Wherever possible, they should be stored
horizontally in their original packaging until being
fitted.
When oil seals are replaced, always follow the first
in, first out principle so as to avoid some seals
being stored for an excessive length of time.
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oil seals
Troubleshooting
Oil seals may leak at either of two critical points.
One is located between the outer surface of the oil
seal and the housing (static), the other between the
sealing lip and the shaft (dynamic).
The table below summarises the various causes of
leaks and our recommendations for remedying the
problem.
Fault
Cause
Remedy
Insufficient lubrication.
Lubricate sufficiently.
Insufficient lubrication.
Lubricate sufficiently.
Excessive pressure.
Excessive pressure.
Leakage*
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17
oil seals
Guide for choosing the correct OIL SEAL
Date:
Customer:
Drawing
Item no.:
Type
Annual
consumption:
Shaft
Application:
Sample
Rotating
Size:
Material:
Standard:
DIN
RMA
JIS
Acc. to customer
specifications
Colour:
Monthly consumption:
Diameter:
Surface
roughness:
Clockwise
Anticlockwise
Bi-directional
Vehicle
engine
Agriculture
Wheel
axle
Marine
Material specification
Legislation
Special design
Additional req.:
APQP
GD (grind OD)
PD (paint colour)
ND (non GD/PD)
GR (pre-greased)
LF (low friction)
Helix lip
Material:
Machine
Transmission
Other
PPAP
Hardness:
Chamfer:
Normal:
Horizontal
Vertical
Shaft run-out:
rpm
Max.:
TIR
Misalignment:
rpm
Reciprocating
Stroke length:
Speed:
Cycles/min
Oscillating
Degrees of arc
Speed:
Cycles/min
Bore
Diameter
Medium
Internal:
18
M/m
Dry
Wet
Submerged
Material:
Surface roughness:
External:
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Air
Light dust
Mud
Thick dust
Depth:
Installation:
Temperature:
C / F
Min.:
Normal:
Max.:
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Pressure:
kg/cm2
psi bar
Normal:
Max.:
oil seals
Guide for choosing the correct OIL SEAL
Date:
Customer:
Drawing
Item no.:
Type
Annual
consumption:
Shaft
Application:
Sample
Rotating
Size:
Material:
Standard:
DIN
RMA
JIS
Acc. to customer
specifications
Colour:
Monthly consumption:
Diameter:
Surface
roughness:
Clockwise
Anticlockwise
Bi-directional
Vehicle
engine
Agriculture
Wheel
axle
Marine
Material specification
Legislation
Special design
Additional req.:
APQP
GD (grind OD)
PD (paint colour)
ND (non GD/PD)
GR (pre-greased)
LF (low friction)
Helix lip
Material:
Machine
Transmission
Other
PPAP
Hardness:
Chamfering:
Normal:
Horizontal
Vertical
Shaft run-out:
rpm
Max.:
TIR
Misalignment:
rpm
M/m
Reciprocating
Stroke length:
Speed:
Cycles/min:
Oscillating
Degrees of arc:
Speed:
Cycles/min:
Bore
Diameter:
Medium
Internal:
Dry
Wet
Submerged
Material:
Surface roughness:
External:
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Air
Light dust
Mud
Thick dust
Depth:
Installation:
Temperature:
C / F
Min.:
Normal:
Max.:
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Pressure:
kg/cm2
psi bar
Normal:
Max.:
19
09-2009
Betech Seals A/S
Betech Seals A/S