MODUL BERFOKUS FIZIK JPNPP 2015

PHYSICS PAPER 2
BAB CAHAYA
1.
(R)

Diagram below shows a ray of light passing into a glass block, the refractive index of the glass is 1.54.
What is the angle of incidence?
Rajah di bawahmenunjukkansatusinarcahayamelaluisatubongkahkaca. Indeksbiasanbagikacaituialah
1.54. Berapakahsuduttuju?

Air udara

32o

Glass block
bongkahkaca

1.
Refractive index =

sin i
sin r
sin i
sin 32

1.54 =
Angle of incidence, i = 54.7o

2.
(R)

Diagram below shows the path of light from P to Q.If the critical angle of water is 48 o, which is the
correct path of light after passing through point O.
Rajah di bawahmenunjukkanlintasancahayadari P ke Q.Sekiranyasudutkritikal air ialah 48 o, di
manakahjejaksinar yang betulselepascahayaterpancarmelaluititik O.
R
Air udara
O

48o
P

U
Water air

2.

Answer: S

3.

Diagram below shows three parallel rays are directed to a concave and a convex mirror,
draw the reflected rays and indicate the focal point, F in each case. Show the direction of
reflected ray. Relate the relation between centre of curvature, C, with focal point, F, of a
mirror.
Rajah di bawahmenunjukkan 3 sinar yang selaridipancarkeatascermincekungdancembung,
lukissinarpantulandanmenandakantitik
focus,
F
padasetiapkesberkenaan.
Tunjukkanarahsinarpantulan. Kaitkanhubungan di antarapusatbulatan C dengantitik focus
F bagicermintersebut.

3.

4.

Diagram below shows a student standing 3 m from a plane mirror in a room. The student can see the
image of the wall clock located 2 m behind him.

Rajah di bawah menunjukkan seoran pelajar berdiri 3 m dari cermin satah dalam sebuah
bilik. Pelajar itu ternampak imej sebuah jam dinding yang tergantung 2 m daripada belakang
dia.

Diagram below shows the top view of the student in the room.
Rajah di bawahmenunjukkanpandangandaripadaataspelajardalambilikitu.

(a)

Name the light phenomenon that enables the student to see the image of the wall
clock in the plane mirror.
Namakanfenomenacahaya yang menyebabkanpelajarituternampakimej jam
dindingdalamcerminsatahitu.
[1 mark]

(b)

What is the distance between the student and the image of the wall clock?
Apakahjarak di antarapelajardanimej jam dindingitu?

(c)

The student then moves 1 m towards the plane mirror.

What is the distance between the student and the image if the wall clock?
Pelajaritubergerak 1 m kearahcerminsatah.
Apakahjarak di antarapelajardanimej jam dinding?

(d)

The time shown by the wall clock is 9 a.m..

By drawing the hands of the clock in Diagram below, complete the image of the
wall clock in the plane mirror as seen by the student.

(e)

The student moves to position X. He can see the image of the lamp in the plane
mirror. In diagram below, draw a ray diagram to show how the student can see the
image of the lamp.

[1 mark]

[1 mark]

[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Reflection
3m+5m=8m
2m+5m=7m

(e)

5.

Figure below shows Ahmad is looking at a fish in a pond. The fish appear to be nearer to the surface
of the water.
Rajah di bawahmenunjuk Ahmad sedangmemandang kea rah seekorikan yang berada di daamkolam.
Ikanitukelihatanlebihdekatkepadapermukaan air.

(a)

(b)

(i)

Name the light phenomenon involved.

Namakanfenomenacahaya yang terlibat.

(ii)

Explain how the above phenomenon takes place.

Terangkanbagaimanafenomena di atasberlaku.

[3 marks]

(iii
)

Using Figure above, draw the ray diagram that shows the formation of the
fish image in the water.
Denganmenggunakanrahah di atas,
lukisgarisansinaruntukmenunjukkanpembentukanimejikan di dalam air.

[2 marks]

The fish is 3 m from the surface of the point. If the refractive index of the water is
1.33, what is the apparent depth of the fish as observed by the Ahmad?
Ikantuberada 3 m dalamdaripadapermukaan air. Sekiranyaindekspembiasan air
ialah 1.33, apakah apparent depth bagiikan yang diperhatikanoleh Ahmad.

[1 mark]

[2 marks]

(a)

(b)

6.

(i)
(ii)

Refraction of light
Light that travels from a medium that is denser to less dense will be refracted away
from the normal. But light always enters the human eyes in straight lines. Hence, it
seems the light comes from a place nearer to the surface of the water.
(iii) Using Figure above, draw the ray diagram that shows the formation of the fish
image in the water.
Denganmenggunakan Rajah di atas, lukiskan rajah sinar yang
menunjukkanpembentukanimejikandalam air.
n = D/d
d = D/n = 3/1.33 = 2.26 cm

[1 mark]
[3 marks]
[2 marks]

[2 marks]

Diagram below shows light ray P directed into a glass block at an angle of 30o. The refractive index of the
glass block is 1.71 and the speed of light in air is 3 x 108 ms-1.

Ray P
30o

(a)

What is meant by refraction of light?

(b)

Calculate the angle of refraction, r of the glass block.

[2 marks]

(c)

In Diagram above, complete the light ray for the glass block. Label the angle of refraction,
r.
(lukisgarisancahaya yang terbiaskeluardariprisma, mestilukiskangarisan normaldansudutr)

[3 marks]

(d)

Find the critical angle, c of the glass block.

[2 marks]

(a)

The bending of a light ray at the boundary of two media as the light ray propagates from a
medium to another.
sin r = sin r / n = sin 30 /1.71 = 0.2924
R = 17 o

[1 mark]

(b)
(c)

[1 mark]

[2 marks]
[3 marks]

(d)

c = sin-1 (1/n) = sin -1 (1/1.71) = 35.8o

[2 marks]

Diagram 7.1 and Diagram 7.2 show an identical pencil is immersed in the
distilled water and sea water respectively.
Rajah 7.1 dan Rajah 7.2 menunjukkansebatangpensil yang serupamasingmasingditenggelamkan di dalam air sulingdan air laut
Pencil
Pensil

Distilled water
Diagram 7.1

Sea water
Air laut
Diagram 7.2

(a)

Based on Diagram 7.1 and Diagram 7.2,

Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1 dan7.2

(i)

compare the bending of the pencil

bandingkanpembengkokkanpensil

(ii)

compare the density of distilled water and the sea water

bandingkanketumpatan air sulingdan air laut

(iii)

state the relationship between the density of water with the bending of the pencil
nyatakanhubunganantaraketumpatan air denganpembengkokkanpensil.

[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
(b)

Based on Diagram 7.1, compare the size of the observed pencil inside and outside the
distilled water
Berdasarkan Rajah 7.1, bandingkanpemerhatiansaiz pencil di dalamdan di
luar air suling.
[1 mark]

(c)

Name the phenomenon shown in Diagram 7.1 and Diagram 7.2

Namakanfenomena yangditunjukkandalam Rajah 7.1 dan Rajah 7.2.

(d)

Underline the correct answer in the bracket to complete the sentence below.
Phenomenon in (d) happens because of the change in (velocity, frequency) of the
light.
Garisjawapan
yang
betuldalamkurunganuntukmelengkapkanayat
di
bawah.Fenomenapada
(d)
berlakudisebabkanperubahanpada(halaju,
frekuensi)cahaya.

[1 mark]

(e)

[1 mark]
Diagram 7.3 shows a coin in a beaker filled with water. In Diagram 7.3 ,draw a ray [2 marks]
diagram from a coin to the eye to show how the image of the coin is formed.
Rajah 7.3 menunjukkansatuduitsyillingberadadalambikarberisi air.PadaRajah
7.3,lukisgambar
rajah
sinardariduitsyillingkematauntukmenunjukkanbagaimanaimejduitsyillingituterbentu

k.

(a)(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

Pencil in Diagram 7.2 more bending/vice versa

Density of seawater is higher/ vice versa
The higher the density the greater the bending
The size of the pencil in the water is greater
Diffraction
velocity

Diagram 8 shows an object, O with height 2 cm placed on the left side of a convex lens, X.
The focal length of the convex lens is 10 cm.
Rajah 8
menunjukkansatuobjek,Odenganketinggian 2 cm diletakkan di
sebelahkirikantacembung,X. Panjangfokuskantacembunginiialah 10 cm.

(a
)

In Diagram 8 draw the ray path from the object to form an image.
Pada Rajah 8 lukiskanlintasansinardariobjekuntukmembentukimej.

(b
)

State the characteristics of the image formed.

Nyatakanciri-ciriimej yang terbentuk.

(c
)
(i
)

If the object is placed at a distance 30 cm from the lens, calculate:

Jikaobjekdiletakkanpadajarak 30 cm darikanta, hitung:
the image distance. Jarakimej

[2
mark
s]
[1
mark
]

[2
mark
s]

(ii
)

Linear magnification. Pembesaran linear.

(d
)

You are given another convex lens, Y with power 2 Diopter. You are required to
create a simple astronomical telescope using convex lenses X and Y.
Andadiberisatukantacembungyang
lain, Y dengankuasa 2 Diopter.
Andadikehendakimerekasatuteleskopastronomiringkasmenggunakankeduaduakantacembung X dan Y.

(i
)

Which lens is suitable to be objective lens and eyepiece?

Kantamanakah yang sesuaidijadikankantaobjekdankantamata?

[1
mark
]

Objective lens:
Kantaobjek
Eyepiece
Kantamata

(ii
)

Give one reason to your answer in (d) (i).

Berikanalasanbagijawapan di ( d) (i).

(e
)

Draw the arrangement of the lenses and sketch the ray path from distance object
using convex lenses X and Y to form a simple astronomical telescope.
Lukiskansusunankantadanlakarkanlintasansinardarisatuobjekyangjauhdenganmen
ggunakankantacembung X dan Y untukmembentuksatuteleskopastronomiringkas.

8
(a)

(d)

[1
mark
]

[3
mark
s]

(b)
(c)

[2
mark
s]

(i)
(ii)
(i)
(ii)

Real, diminished, inverted

1/f = 1/u +1/v v = 15 cm
m = v/u
m = 0.5
Objective lens = convex lens Y
Eyepiece = convex lens X
Power of convex lens X > power of convex lens Y

1
2
1
2
1

(iii)

Total
9

(a)

12

Diagram 9.1 shows a ray of light directed perpendicularly at a side of the semi-circular glass block.
The ray passes through the glass block to a point O before leaving the glass block. The angle of
incidence in the glass block is 30.
Rajah
9.1
menunjukkansatubongkahkaca
semi
bulatan.
Satusinarcahayaditujukansecarategakkesuatusisiblokkacaitu.
Sinaritukemudiannyamemasukibongkahkacaitudanmenujuketitik
O
sebelumkeluarsemula.
Suduttujusinaritu di dalamkacaadalah 30.

semi circular glass block

blokkaca semi bulatan

Diagram 9.1 Rajah 9.1

(i)

What is meant by angle of incidence?

Apakha yangdimaksudkandengansuduttuju?

(ii)

Explain how total internal reflection occurs in Diagram 9.1 above?

Terangkanbagaimanapantulandalampenuhberlaku didalam Rajah 9.1 di atas?

(b)

Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3 show two rectangular glass blocks with different optical
density and refractive index. Ray of light is directed toward the glass blocks with the
same angle of incidence 30.
Rajah
9.2
dan
Rajah
9.3
menunjukkanduabuahbongkahkaca
yang
berlainanketumpatandanindeksbiasannya.
Sinarcahayaditujukankepadakeduaduabongkahkacaitudengansuduttuju 30.

[1 mark]

[5 marks]

Density = 2600 kgm-3Density = 2670 kgm-3

Ketumpatan = 2600 kgm-3ketumpatan = 2670 kgm-3

Diagram 9.2
Diagram 9.3
Rajah 9.2
Rajah 9.3
Based on Diagram 9.2 and Diagram 9.3,
Berdasarkan Rajah 9.2 dan Rajah 9.3,
compare the densities of the glass blocks.
bandingkanketumpatanbongkahkacaitu.

(i)

[1 mark]
(ii)

compare the refractive index of the glass blocks

bandingkanindeksbiasanbongkahkacaitu.
[1 mark]

(iii)

compare the angle of refraction of the glass blocks

bandingkansuduttujupembiasanbongkahkacaitu.

(iv)

relate the angle of refraction, r and the density of the glass blocks.
hubungkaitkansudutpembiasan,rdenganketumpatanblokkaca.

(v)

relate the angle of refraction, r and the refractive index of the glass blocks
hubungkaitkansudutpembiasan,rdenganindeksbiasankaca.

(c)

Diagram 9. 4 shows a fibre optic.

Rajah 9 .4 menunjukkan gentian optik.

[1 mark]

[1 mark]
[1 mark]

You are required to give suggestions to design a fibre optics which can works
efficiently. Using your knowledge on light, and the properties of material, explain the
suggestion based on the following aspects;
Andadimintauntukmemberikancadanganuntukmerekabentuksatu gentian optik yang
dapatberfungsidengancekap.
Menggunakanpengetahuanandatentangcahayadansifatbahan,
terangkancadanganandaberdasarkanaspekberikut;
(i) the refractive index of outer and inner layer
indeksbiasanlapisanluardandalam
(ii) flexibility kelenturan
(iii) strength kekuatan
(iv)thickness ketebalan
(v) density of the glass ketumpatankaca
[10 marks]

9 (a)

(i)

Angle between incident ray and normal line

(ii)

Increase the angle of incidence i, then angle of refraction r will also

increase
Keep on increasing the angle of incidence until angle of refraction is 90
The angle of incidence is called critical angle

Increase the angle of incidence more than the critical angle

The ray will be reflected.

1
1
1
1

1
1

(b)

Density diagram 9.2 < density diagram 9.3

Refractive index 9.2 < Refractive index 9.3
Angle of refraction in diagram 9.2 > angle of refraction in diagram 9.3
The higher the density the smaller the angle of refraction
The higher the refractive index the smaller the angle of refraction.

4/5
1
1
1
1
1

Suggestion
Use refractive index of outer
layer is less than the refractive
index of outer layer
Use high flexibility material
Use strong material
Use thin material
Low density material

Total

Explanation
So that total internal reflection
can happen in the fiber optic.
so that it can be bend
do not break easily
Lighter // can be use in small area
Lighter

20