The universe

Social science 3

Our solar system is a small part of

something bigger: THE UNIVERSE.

The universe began in the Big Bang.

The Big Bang was a big explosion about
14 billion years ago.

The Big Bang

We are part of the universe

The universe is
made up of all
the celestial
bodies that
exist.
Planets,
satellites,
asteroids, stars ,
planetary
sysems ,
galaxies
form part of the
universe.

satellite

satellite
planet

star

Planetary system

comet

asteroids

galaxy

Our Galaxy: The Milky Way.

A Galaxy is a group
of stars and
planetary systems.

Our solar system is

part of a Galaxy with
many other Suns,
stars, planets
and satellites.
Our Galaxy is called
The Milky Way.

Questions
What is the universe made up of?
The universe is made up of all the celestial bodies that exist.

What is a Galaxy?
A Galaxy is a group of stars and planetary systems.
What is the name of our Galaxy?
The name of our Galaxy is the Milky way.

The Sun

Earth

Celestial
bodies

The object we
can see in the
sky are called
celestial bodies.
Vocabulary:
Sphere: esfera
Orbit: orbitar.
Spin: girar.
Surface: superficie.
Around itself: sobre ella
misma.
Taken up: ocupada.

Around the solar system

Luminous celestial
bodies:
They give off their
own light.
They give off heat.

The sun is the center of

the solar system.
The sun gives us light
and heat.
It is only a mediumsized star.

There are

Non-luminous
celestial bodies:
They are shaped
almost like spheres.
They orbit around a
star.

Earth is a non-luminous
celestial body.
Earth is our planet.
It orbits around the Sun
and spin around itself.
Most of its surface is
taken up by water.

The sun is a star

The sun is a luminous celestial body.

The planets in the solar system

are non-luminuos celestial bodies.
Earth is a non-luminuos celestial
body.

A planetary system has at least one star and different planets

and celestial bodies that orbits around it.
Our Sun and its eight planets are called the solar system.

Star: the Sun

Questions
What are celestial bodies?
Celestial bodies are all the objects we can see in the sky.
How can we classify celestial bodies?
We can classify celestial bodies into two groups; luminous and
non-luminous celestial bodies.
What are the differences between luminuos and non-luminous bodies?
Luminous bodies give off their own light and heat, however,
non-luminous bodies dont give off light or heat.
How many planets are there in the solar system?
There are eight planets in the solar system; Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Earth spins
North pole

Earths rotation
Earth spins on its axis.
This movement is called rotation.

Earths axis is an imaginary line

that runs from the North pole
to the South Pole.
South pole

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QI9ta7qkazU

Vocabulary:
Axis: eje
Spin: gira.
Rotation: rotacin
Imaginary: imaginaria

Day and night

Earth takes 24 hours to spin around its axis.
It is day where
Suns rays reach
the planet.
It is night
where the Suns
rays dont reach
the planet.

Vocabulary:
Spin: girar
Axis: eje
Reach: alcanzar
Suns Rays: rayos de sol

Earth orbits
Earths revolution
Revolution is Earths movement
around the Sun.
It takes our planet 365 days
to orbit all the way around
the Sun.

The seasons
There are four seasons:
spring, summer,
autumn and winter.
The seasons are caused
by the Earths
revolution movement
around the Sun and the
Earths tilted axis.

Vocabulary:
By: por
Tilted: inclinado/a
Axis: eje

The season
4spring

3winter

2 autumn

1 summer

1 summer: In summer the Suns rays reach you directly this is why It is very hot.
2 autumn: In autumn the days are shorter. It starts to get colder.
3 winter: In winter it is colder and the days are short.
4 spring: in spring it is warmer and the dasy are long.

Questions
How long does it take the Earth to spin around its axis?
Earth takes 24 hours to spin around its axis.
How long does it take the Earth to orbit all the way around the Sun?
It takes the Earth 365 days to orbit all the way around the Sun.
What differentiate night and day?
It is day where Suns rays reach the planet and but is night
where Suns rays dont reach the planet.
what are the main differences between Earths rotation and Earths revolution
movements?
During Earths rotation our planet spins on its axis, however, it orbits around the
Sun during revolution movement. Moreover, Earths rotation causes night and
day and revolution causes the four seasons; summer, autumn, winter and spring.

The Moon

A satellite is a spherical celestial body that orbits around a planet.

The Moon is Earths natural satellite.

 Satellites are non-luminuos

celestial bodies.
The Moon is a non-luminuos
celestial body.

The Moon only looks bright

because the sun is shining on
It.

Vocabulary
Full Moon: luna llena.
Waning Moon: luna menguante.
New Moon: luna nueva
Waxing Moon: luna creciente.
Side: lado
Light up: iluminar.

Questions
Whats a satellite?
A satellite is a spherical celestial body that orbits around a planet.
How long does it take the Moon to orbit around the Earth?
It takes the Moon 28 days to orbit around the Earth.
How long does it take the Moon to rotate on its axis?
It takes the Moon 29 days to rotate on its axis.
What are the phases of the Moon?
The phases of the Moon are full Moon, waning Moon, new Moon and
waxing Moon.