Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following animals uses the largest percentage of its energy budget for homeostatic
regulation?
Selected Answer:
D.
A desert bird
Answers:
A.
A marine jelly (an invertebrate)
B.
A snake in a temperate forest
C.
A desert insect
D.
A desert bird
E.
A hydra
Question 2
1 out of 1 points
Which of the following systems is correctly paired with one of its parts?
Selected Answer:
E.
Endocrine system / thyroid gland
Answers:
A.
Respiratory system / heart
B.
Circulatory system / lung
C.
Integumentary system / kidneys
D.
Respiratory system / heart
E.
Endocrine system / thyroid gland
Question 3
1 out of 1 points
Hummingbirds are small birds that require a regular food supply. When hummingbirds are faced
with a situation that decreases their food supply, such as a storm, which of the following
adaptations would be most useful for the bird to survive such an unpredictable and short-term
absence of food resources?
Selected Answer:
C.
torpor
Answers:
A.
shivering
B.
hibernation
C.
torpor
D.
burrowing into soil
Question 4
1 out of 1 points
An elephant and a mouse are running in full sunlight, and both overheat by the same amount
above their normal body temperatures. When they move into the shade and rest, which animal will
cool down faster?
Selected Answer:
C.
The mouse will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.
Answers:
A.
The elephant will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.
B.
The elephant will because it has the lower surface-area-to-volume ratio.
C.
The mouse will because it has the higher surface-area-to-volume ratio.
D.
They will cool at the same rate because they overheated by the same
amount.
Question 5
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
B.
the positive feedback's effector responses are in the same direction as the
initiating stimulus rather than opposite of it
Answers:
A.
positive feedback benefits the organism, whereas negative feedback is
detrimental
B.
the positive feedback's effector responses are in the same direction as the
initiating stimulus rather than opposite of it
C.
the effector's response increases some parameter (such as body temperature),
whereas in negative feedback it can only decrease the parameter
D.
positive feedback systems have only effectors, whereas negative feedback
systems have only receptors
Question 6
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
D.
May change as environmental conditions change
Answers:
A.
Can never be exceeded
B.
Increases as the per capita growth rate "r" decreases
C.
Can be accurately calculated using the logistic growth model
D.
May change as environmental conditions change
Question 7
1 out of 1 points
A certain species of seal breeds and rears its young on rocky beaches. Competition for breeding
sites is fierce, and males that do not secure a site will not reproduce. This behavior is an example
of which mechanism of density-density population regulation?
Selected Answer:
E.
Territoriality
Answers:
A.
Competition for resources
B.
Toxic wastes
C.
Intrinsic factors
D.
Predation
E.
Territoriality
Question 8
1 out of 1 points
What absolutely essential resource is likely to limit the carrying capacity of Earth for humans?
Selected Answer:
C.
Water
Answers:
A.
Oil
B.
Raw materials such as metals
C.
Water
D.
Space
E.
Oxygen
Question 9
1 out of 1 points
An ecologist recorded twelve white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, per square kilometer in one
woodlot and twenty per square kilometer in another woodlot. What was the ecologist comparing?
Selected Answer:
A.
density
Answers:
A.
density
B.
dispersion
C.
carrying capacity
D.
range
Question 10
1 out of 1 points
Uniform spacing patterns in plants such as the creosote bush are most often associated with:
Selected Answer:
C.
competitive interaction between individuals of the same population
Answers:
A.
patterns of high humidity
B.
the random distribution of seeds
C.
competitive interaction between individuals of the same population
D.
the concentration of nutrients within the population's range
Question 11
1 out of 1 points
Selected
C.
Answer:
Two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community
Answers:
A.
Competition between two species always causes extinction or emigration of
one species
B.
Two species will stop reproducing until one species leaves the habitat
C.
Two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community
D.
Competition in a population promotes survival of the best-adapted individuals
E.
Two species cannot coexist in the same habitat
Question 12
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
D.
cattle egrets eating insects stirred up by grazing bison
Answers:
A.
fungi residing in plant roots, such as endomycorrhizae
B.
bacteria fixing nitrogen in plants
C.
rancher ants that protect aphids in exchange for sugar-rich honeydew
D.
cattle egrets eating insects stirred up by grazing bison
Question 13
0 out of 1 points
Treehoppers (a type of insect) produce honeydew, which ants use for food. Treehoppers have a
major predator, the jumping spider. Researchers hypothesized that the ants would protect the
treehoppers from the spiders. In an experiment, researchers followed study plots with ants
removed from the system and compared them to a control plot. In the figure attached, what can
you conclude? Treehoppers.jpg
Selected Answer:
B.
Ants eat the honeydew produced by treehoppers
Answers:
A.
Ants do somehow protect the treehoppers from spiders.
B.
Ants eat the honeydew produced by treehoppers
C.
Ants reduce the numbers of treehoppers.
D.
No specific conclusions can be drawn from this figure.
Question 14
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
A.
two species of unpalatable butterfly that have the same color pattern
Answers:
A.
two species of unpalatable butterfly that have the same color pattern
B.
a day-flying hawkmoth that looks like a wasp
C.
a chameleon that changes its color to look like a dead leaf
D.
two species of rattlesnakes that both rattle their tails
Question 15
1 out of 1 points
Zoonotic disease:
Selected
Answer:
B.
is caused by pathogens that are transferred from other animals to humans by
direct contact or by means of a vector
Answers:
A.
is caused by suborganismal pathogens such as viruses, viroids, and prions only
B.
is caused by pathogens that are transferred from other animals to humans by
direct contact or by means of a vector
C.
can only be spread from animals to humans through direct contact
D.
can only be transferred from animals to humans by means of an intermediate
host
Question 16
1 out of 1 points
Red-cheeked salamanders are partially protected from predators because of cardiac glycosides
they produce from glands on their back. When ingested, cardiac glycosides disrupt normal heart
rhythms. A different salamander species, the imitator salamander, also has red cheek patches, but
does not produce cardiac glycosides. It does gain protection from predators that have learned to
avoid red cheeked salamanders. How does this relationship affect the population dynamics of both
species?
Selected
Answer:
D.
The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively
affected.
Answers:
A.
Both species are negatively affected.
B.
Both species are positively affected.
C.
The red cheeked salamander is positively affected, the imitator is negatively
affected.
D.
The red cheeked salamander is negatively affected, the imitator is positively
affected.
Question 17
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
B.
Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb
Answers:
A.
Incorporating nitrogen into amino acids and organic compounds
B.
Converting ammonium to nitrate, which plants absorb
C.
Converting nitrogen gas to ammonia
D.
Converting ammonia to nitrogen gas, which returns to the atmosphere
E.
Releasing ammonium from organic compounds, thus returning it to the soil.
Question 18
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
E.
Primary consumer
Answers:
A.
Carnivore
B.
Primary producer
C.
Detritivore
D.
Secondary consumer
E.
Primary consumer
Question 19
1 out of 1 points
The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural
state is known as _____.
Selected Answer:
C.
restoration ecology
Answers:
A.
landscape ecology
B.
conservation ecology
C.
restoration ecology
D.
resource conservation
Question 20
1 out of 1 points
Selected
Answer:
D.
all of the organisms and their physical environment in a tropical rain forest
Answers:
A.
all of the brook trout in a 500-square-hectare river drainage system
B.
the plants, animals, and decomposers that inhabit an alpine meadow
C.
the intricate interactions of the various plant and animal species on a savanna
during a drought
D.
all of the organisms and their physical environment in a tropical rain forest
Question 21
1 out of 1 points
Selected Answer:
D.
tertiary consumer level
Answers:
A.
producer level
B.
primary consumer level
C.
secondary consumer level
D.
tertiary consumer level
Question 22
1 out of 1 points
Of the following statements about protected areas that have been established to preserve
biodiversity, which one is NOT correct?
Selected
Answer:
A.
About 25% of Earth's land area is now protected.
Answers:
A.
About 25% of Earth's land area is now protected.
B.
Management of a protected area should be coordinated with management of
the land surrounding the area.
C.
It is especially important to protect biodiversity hot spots
D.
National parks are one of many types of protected areas.
E.
Most protected areas are too small to protect species.
Question 23
1 out of 1 points
Extinction is a naturally occurring phenomenon that has occurred on Earth since life began. Why
are scientists so concerned about extinction now?
Selected
Answer:
E.
All of the listed responses are correct.
Answers:
A.
One of the greatest periods of mass extinction is occurring now.
B.
Human activities are directly responsible for today's mass extinctions.
C.
Extinction is occurring faster than ever before and faster than rates at which
new species form.
D.
Large number of plant species, which form the base of terrestrial food webs,
are becoming extinct.
E.
All of the listed responses are correct.
Question 24
1 out of 1 points
With regard to the destruction of tropical forests, the focus is often on biodiversity and the impact
to these ecosystems. What is a direct benefit to humans that helps explain why these forests need
to be preserved?
Selected Answer:
B.
The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers.
Answers:
A.
This diversity could contain undocumented insect species.
B.
The diversity could contain novel drugs for consumers.
C.
Natural and undisturbed areas are important wildlife habitats.
D.
Question 25
1 out of 1 points
potential loss of medicines and other products yet undiscovered from threatened species
II) potential loss of genes, some of which may code for proteins useful to humans
III) the risk to global ecological stability
Selected Answer:
D.
I, II, and III
Answers:
A.
only I
B.
only II
C.
only II and III
D.
I, II, and III