LPG Gas Carriers

Cargo Piping
Robbie Sillars
Lead Specialist Refrigeration
London Design Support Services
Busan Korea - May 2007

LPG Training Course Korea May 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Piping Functions Cargo operations

Cargo tank inerting

Line inerting

Loading

Venting

Reliquefaction

Heating

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Piping Functions ancillary systems

Initial loading

Tank drying (low dew point air)

Inerting and gassing up

Changing cargo or gas freeing

Stripping and puddle heating

Inerting and gas freeing

Other systems

Emergency discharge

Hold drainage

Methanol

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Typical Layout of an LPG Tanker

Cargo Machinery Room
Cargo Pump

Fore
Peak

Engine
room

Gas Safe
Area

Water Ballast Tanks

Ballast Pump Room
Gas Dangerous area

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Cofferdam

Typical Layout of an Oil Tanker

Cargo Tanks

Fore
Peak

Engine
Room

Gas Safe
Area

Pump Room

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Water Ballast Tanks

Gas Dangerous area

Cofferdam

Oil Tanker Pumping Arrangements

Manifold

Pump room
LPG Training Course Korea 2007
LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Cargo tanks

Gas Carrier Pumping Arrangements

Cargo Heater
Cargo
Pumps

Sea
Water

Cargo
Tank

Manifold

Booster Pumps
Dome

Relief Valves

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Mast
Riser

Reliquefaction Plant - Simple System

KO Pot

Sparge Pipe
Vapour

Single stage
connections
Cargo
Condenser

Cargo
Tank

Liquid Gas Return

Expansion
Device

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Liquid
Sump

Oil-less
Compressors
Intercooler

Sea
water

Deck Tanks

Dependant on proposed cargoes to be carried

Reduced time alongside at terminal

Sufficient liquid to gas up and cool down one system

Size depending on cargoes

Standard arrangement - 1 large and 1 small deck tank

Ammonia main reason Propane butane compatible

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

LPG Cargo Piping System Piping requirements

Material as per Tables 6.1 & 6.4 of the IGC Code

Stainless steel

Thin wall large sizes schedule 10

L Grades (low low-carbon) to allow welding

Design pressure IGC Code 10 bar (Boosters more)

Design Temperature LPG warmer than minus 55 deg C

Class II system

Guidance notes available

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

LPG Cargo Pipe Fittings

Type testing not required due to design temperature

Isolation arrangements

Removable spool pieces

Block and bleed

Seut valves

Bellows pieces (EJMA)

Ball and Butterfly valves

Remote control valves closing time critical

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Hold Drainage Arrangements

Hold void space

Dome

Ballast tanks

Cargo
to tank
Water
overboard

Cargo tank
(Type A tank)

Ballast water
overboard
Machinery
space
LPG Training Course Korea 2007
LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Duct keel / Pipe tunnel

Why Use Inert Gas?

Gas Free
Inert
Cargo

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Inert Gas Non-return Devices

Oil tanker

Deck water seal

+
N.R. Valve

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Gas Carrier

Two N.R. valves

bleed valve between valves
(no liquid, no ice)
(Back flow from hold
spaces only)

Filling Limits Requirements

IGC Code filling limit states a limit of 98% at the reference

temperature

Type C tanks may be loaded to a level higher than their

relief valve set pressure, but never greater than 98%

SIGTTO document covers how to calculate highest voyage

temperature

Dispensation of 98.5% now common on Type A LPG carriers

Dispensation to be acceptable to the administration

SIGTTO overfill protection guidelines to be followed

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Filling Limits - Type C

The difference for Type C tanks is that the relative density

can now be taken at the highest temperature the cargo will
reach at design conditions, IGC Code paragraph 15.1.5

This can only be applied where the venting system has been
approved and shown to be suitable for two phase flow.

Savings are not so great for low pressure tanks where the
loading and reference temperatures are close.

High level alarms are still to be fitted for 98%

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Pressure Relief Arrangements

The setting of the second pressure relief valve can be at 5%

above MARVS.

Reduces the amount of cargo vented during short periods

of pressure rise (not fire condition)

Relief valve vent exit is to be 6 m above the deck storage

tanks and the cargo liquid lines.

Low melting point materials (< 925C) such as aluminium and

neoprene could be accepted for use as internal parts of relief
valves.

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Pressure Relief Arrangements

The setting of the second pressure relief valve can be at 5%

above MARVS.

Reduces the amount of cargo vented during short periods

of pressure rise (not fire condition)

Low melting point materials, less than 925OC such as

aluminium and neoprene can be accepted for use as internal
parts of relief valves. Neoprene diaphragms being common.

Relief valve vent exit is to be 6 m above the deck storage

tanks and the cargo liquid lines.

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

Relief Valve Pressure Drop Calculations

Pressure drop calculation s need to be undertaken and

submitted for approval

Inlet pressure drop, from tank to relief valve, to be < 3%
Outlet pressure drop is dependant on type of relief valve

fitted.
For Type A tanks with pilot operated relief valve <

50%
For Type C tanks with coiled spring < 10%

Vent mast to be fitted with grill but not flame arrester

LPG Training Course Korea 2007

LLOYDS REGISTER EMEA

For more information

please contact:

Robbie Sillars
Lead Specialist - Refrigeration
Engineering Systems
London Design Support Services
Lloyds Register EMEA
Direct Tel No. +44 (0) 20 7423 1921
Direct Fax No. +44 (0) 20 7423 1824
Email
refrigeration@lr.org

Services are provided by members of the Lloyds Register Group

Lloyds Register, Lloyds Register EMEA and Lloyds Register Asia are
exempt charities under the UK Charities Act 1993.

CHANGE TITLE IN SLIDE MASTER

LLOYDS REGISTER (amend as req.)

The Lloyds Register Group

works to enhance safety and
approve assets and systems at
sea, on land and in the air
because life matters.