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1
accelaration / displacement
Solution: T = 2
displacement
acceleration
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Question-2: If the frequency of a stretched string depends upon the length of the string.
the tension in the string and the mass per unit length of the string. Establish a relation for
the frequency using the concept of dimension.
Solution: Let us assume that frequency is directly proportional to I x, Ty and d2. The possible
relation for frequency (n) will be
n lx Ty d2
The dimension of L.H.S. quantity
= [M0L0T-1]
The dimension of L.H.S. quantity
=[L]x [MLT-2]Y [M/L]z
[M0L0T-1]
= [L]x [My] [Ly] [T-2y] [Mz] [L-z]
= [My+z] [L
x+y-z
] [T-2y]
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y + z = 0, y + x z = 0, and -2u = -1
From these equations we get x = -1, y =
Therefore lx Ty dz = 1/1
Hence n 1/1
T
d
T
d
= K 1/1
,
T
d
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-1 a
] [L]b
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dr 3
S
Question-4: On the basis of dimensional analysis show that the following relationship is
correct V = E/d where V is the velocity of the sound, E is the elasticity and d is the density
of the medium.
Solution: We know dimension of velocity is M0 LT-1, of density [ML-3] and of elasticity
[ML-1T-2] being same as that of pressure) in the relation v =
R.H.S.
=
Dimension of E
Dimension of d
E, d, Dimensions of the
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Question-5: Show on the basis of dimensional analysis that the following relations are
correct :
(i) n = P r4/vl where P is the pressure difference between the two ends of the capillary
tube; r its radius, l its length, v the rate of flow of liquid through it (volume per second)
and n is the coefficient of viscosity.
(ii) v2 u2 = as, where u is initial velocity, v is final velocity, a is acceleration of the body
and S is the distance moved.
(iii) p = 3g/4r G where p is the density of earth, G is the gravitational constant, r is the
radius of the earth and g is acceleration due to gravity.
Solution: (i) From relation n = Pr4/vl
We have for the dimension of R.H.S.
= [dimension of P] [dimension of r]4 / [dimension of b v/t] [dimension of l]
= [ML-1 T-2] [L]4 / [L3 T-1] [L] = ML3 T-2 / L4 T-1 = ML-1 T-1
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[Force ]
Area
dv
dy
MLT 2
L2
LT 1
L
= ML-1T-1
As the dimensions of L.H.S. are equal to the dimensions of R.H.S. the above relation is
correct.
(ii) From relation v2 u2 = aS
We have for the dimension of L.H.S.
= [dimension of v]2 [dimension of u]2 = L2T-2
The dimensions of R.H.S.
= [dimension of a] [dimensions of S]
= [LT-2] [L] = T2T-2
As the dimension of L.H.S. = dimension of R.H.S. the above relation is correct.
(iii)From relation = 3g/4r G
We have for the dimension of R.H.S. quantity.
= [dimension of g]/ [dimension of r] [dimension of G]
= LT-2/[L] [M-1L3T ] = ML-3
Dimension of density = Dimension of R.H.S.