SPECIFICATION FOR COPPER BAR, BUS BAR, ROD,

AND SHAPES
SB-187

(Identical to ASTM Specification B 187-94 for the alloys and products covered.)

1.

Scope

B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor

Materials
B 224 Classification of Coppers
B 577 Test Methods for Hydrogen Embrittlement of
Copper
B 601 Practice for Temper Designations for Copper and
Copper Alloys Wrought and Cast
E 53 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper
E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods)
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys
for the Determination of Chemical Composition
E 478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper
Alloys
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)

1.1 This specification establishes the requirements

for copper bar, bus bar, rod, and shapes for electrical
and non-electrical applications.
1.1.1 The products shall be made from the following coppers:
Copper UNS No.

Reference
Designation

C10200
C11000

OF
ETP

1.2 The inch-pound units are standard for this specification.

1.3 This specification is the companion to SI (Metric)
Specification B 187M; therefore no SI equivalents are
presented herein.

2.2 ASME Standard

SB-249 Specification for General Requirements for
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, and
Shapes

NOTE 1 Material for hot forging will be found in Specification

B 224.

3.
2.

Referenced Documents

General Requirements

3.1 The following sections of Specification SB-249

are a part of this specification:

2.1 ASTM Standards

3.1.1 Definitions

2.1.1 The following documents in the current issue

of the Book of Standards form a part of this specification
to the extent referenced herein.
B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper Refinery Shapes
B 187 M Specification for Copper Bar, Bus Bar, Rod
and Shapes (Metric)

3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture

3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
3.1.4 Number of Tests and Retests
3.1.5 Test Methods
227

SB-187

1998 SECTION II

3.1.6 Significance of Numerical Limits

5.1.2 copper UNS number (see 7.1 and Table 1);

3.1.7 Inspection

5.1.3 temper required (see 8.1 and Table 2);

3.1.8 Rejection

5.1.4 dimensions and form;

3.1.9 Certification

5.1.4.1 shapes: dimensional tolerances required

and agreed upon (see 13.3);

3.1.10 Mill Test Report

3.1.11 Packing, Marking, Shipping, and Preservation

5.1.5 quantity: number of pounds, pieces, or footage

required; and

3.2 Identical sections in this specification supplement

the referenced section.

4.

5.1.6 edge contours required (see 13.7).

5.2 The following options are available and should
be specified in the contract or purchase order when
required:

Terminology

5.2.1 heat identification or traceability details required;

4.1 Definitions
4.1.1 bus bar includes material of solid rectangular or square cross section or a solid section with two
plane parallel surfaces and round or other simple regular
shaped edges up to and including 12 in. in width and
over 0.188 in. in thickness

5.2.2 hydrogen embrittlement test;

5.2.3 bend test;
5.2.4 certification;

4.1.2 bus conductor stock a bar, rod, or shape

of high conductivity copper used to make electrical
conductors

5.2.5 mill test reports; and

5.2.6 special packaging requirements.

4.1.3 bus rod includes solid round and regular

polygons of six and eight sides
6.

4.1.4 bus shapes a solid section other than

regular rod, bar, plate, sheet, strip, or flat wire, that may
be oval, half oval, half round, triangular, pentagonal, or
of any special cross section furnished in straight lengths.
Shapes shall not include tube and pipe or other hollow
sections.

6.1 Manufacture
6.1.1 Edges
6.1.1.1 Bar shall be furnished with finished
edges (see 13.7) unless otherwise specified at the time
of order placement.

4.1.5 unaided eye without visual enhancement;

however, corrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision shall be permitted.

6.1.1.2 Bar larger than 12 in. in thickness may

be furnished with sawed edges and deburred corners
upon agreement between the manufacturer or supplier
and the purchaser.

4.2 Description of Term Specific to This Standard

4.2.1 orange peel the surface roughness resulting
from working metal of large grain size. The surface
is similar in texture to that of the outside surface of
an orange.

5.

Materials and Manufacture

7.

Chemical Composition

7.1 The specified copper shall conform to the chemical requirements prescribed in Table 1.

Ordering Information

7.2 These specification limits do not preclude the

possible presence of other elements. Limits for unnamed
elements may be established and analysis required by
agreement between the manufacturer or the supplier
and the purchaser.

5.1 Orders for product under this specification should

contain the following information:
5.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year
of issue;
228

...
...

99.95
99.90

Copper
(Incl Silver) Phosphorus

...

...

Lead

...

...

Arsenic

...

...

Silver

...

...

Antimony

...

...

Selenium +
Tellurium

...

...

Nickel

...

...

Bismuth

Composition % Max (Unless Shown as a Range or Min.)

...

...

Oxygen

...

...

Tellurium

...

...

Tin

229
Soft anneal

Former
Rod and bar:
all sizes

NOTES:
(1) See 8.1.
(2) ksi p 1,000 psi.
(3) See Appendix X1.
(4) In any case, a minimum gage length of 1 in. shall be used.

O60

Standard

Temper
Designation

Dia or
Distance
Between
Parallel
Surfaces, in.
28

Min.
37

Max

Tensile Strength,
ksi [Note (2)]

25

Elongation in 4
Dia
or Thickness
of Specimen
Min. %
[Note (4)]

180

Bend Test
Angle of
Bend, deg.

...

...

Sulfur

0.15328

C10200,
C11000

50 max

Rockwell
Hardness F Scale,
60-kg
Load, 116-in.
Ball

Electrical Resistivity, [ Note (3)] max, Vg/m2

at 20C (68F)

TABLE 2
MECHANICAL (ALL ALLOYS) AND ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS [NOTE (1)] (CONDUCTOR ALLOYS ONLY)

GENERAL NOTE:
If the type of silver-bearing copper is not specified (that is whether tough pitch, phosphorized, or oxygen-free), any one of the three types may be supplied at the option of the
manufacturer.
NOTE:
(1) Oxygen in C10200 shall be 10 ppm max.

C10200
[Note (1)]
C11000

Copper
UNS No.

TABLE 1
CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS

PART B NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

SB-187

SB-187

8.

1998 SECTION II

Temper

10.3.3 The axis of the bend shall be at an angle

of 90 deg. to the direction of rolling, drawing, or
extrusion (right way bend).

8.1 Tempers available under this specification and

as described in Practice B 601 are as follows:

10.3.4 Edgewise and wrong way bend test requirements for bar or bus bar shall be by agreement between
the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.

Temper Designation
Former

Standard

O60

Soft anneal

11.
9.

Physical Properties

11.1 Copper UNS No. C10200 shall be substantially

free of cuprous oxide as determined by Procedure A,
Microscopical Examination, of Test Methods B 577.

9.1 Electrical Resistivity

9.1.1 When specified in the order, the electrical
resistivity of Copper UNS Nos. C10200 and C11000
shall not exceed the limits prescribed in Table 2 for
specified copper, temper, form, and size when determined in accordance with Test Method B 193.

11.1.1 In case of dispute, testing shall be in

accordance with Procedure C, Closed Bend Test, of
Test Methods B 577.

12.
10.

Microscopical Examination

Mechanical Properties

Embrittlement Test

12.1 When specified in the contract or purchase

order, Copper UNS No. C10200 shall pass the embrittlement test described in Procedure B, Microscopical
Examination of Thermally Treated Specimens, in Test
Methods B 577.

10.1 Tensile Requirements

10.1.1 The tension test shall be the standard test for
all tempers and acceptance or rejection for mechanical
properties shall depend only on the tensile strength,
which shall conform to the requirements in Table 2.

12.1.1 In case of dispute, testing shall be in

accordance with Procedure C, Closed Bend Test, of
Test Methods B 577.

10.1.1.1 For shapes, the tensile requirements (if

any) shall be by agreement between the manufacturer
and the purchaser.
10.2 Rockwell Hardness

13.

10.2.1 Rockwell hardness tests offer a quick and

convenient method of checking copper of any temper
for general conformity to the requirements of tensile
strength. The approximate Rockwell hardness values
for the specified tempers are given in Table 2 for
general information and assistance in testing.

Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible

Variations

13.1 The dimensions and tolerances for material

manufactured under this specification shall be as specified in the following tables:
13.2 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces
13.2.1 Bar: Rectangular and Square

10.3 Bending Requirements

10.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase
order, for bar, bus bar, flat wire, and rod, test specimens
shall withstand being bent cold (right way bend) through
an angle as specified in Table 2 for the specified temper
and size without fracture on the outside of the bent
portion and with no evidence of slivers, cracks, orange
peel, or similar surface defects being visible to the
unaided eye.

13.2.1.1 Thickness Tolerances for Rectangular

and Square Bar See Tables 3 and 4.

10.3.2 The bend shall be made on a radius equal

to the minimum cross-sectional dimension of the specimen, and this dimension shall be radial to the bend.

13.4 Coils The coil size shall be as agreed upon

between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser
and shall be specified in the order.

13.2.1.2 Width Tolerances for Rectangular and

Square Bar See Tables 5 and 6.
13.3 Shapes The dimensional tolerances of shapes
shall be as agreed upon by the manufacturer or supplier
and the purchaser and shall be specified in the order.

230

PART B NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

TABLE 5
WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR EXTRUDED
RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR

TABLE 3
THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR EXTRUDED
RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR PLUS AND
MINUS, [NOTE (1)], in.

Width, in.

Width
Thickness
0.188 to 0.500
incl
Over 0.500 to
1.000 incl
Over 1.000 to
2.000 incl

2 and
Under

Over 2 to
4 Incl

Over 4 to
8 Incl

Over 8 to
12 Incl

0.003

0.004

0.0045

0.0055

0.004

0.0045

0.005

0.006

0.0045

0.005

0.006

...

SB-187

Tolerances, Plus and Minus [Note (1)], in.

1.250 and under

Over 1.250 to 2 incl
Over 2 to 4 incl
Over 4 to 12 incl

0.005
0.008
0.012
0.30 [Note (2)]

NOTES:
(1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double
the values given.
(2) Percent of specified width expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.

NOTE:
(1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double
the values given.

TABLE 6
WIDTH TOLERANCES FOR NON-EXTRUDED
RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR, PLUS AND
MINUS, in. [NOTE (1)]

TABLE 4
THICKNESS TOLERANCES FOR NON-EXTRUDED
RECTANGULAR AND SQUARE BAR THICKNESS
TOLERANCES, PLUS AND MINUS, [NOTE (1)] in.,
FOR WIDTHS GIVEN IN in.
Thickness

2 and
Over 2 to
Under Incl
4 Incl

0.188 to 0.250
incl
Over 0.250 to
0.375 incl
Over 0.375 to
0.500 incl
Over 0.500 to
0.750 incl
Over 0.750 to
1.000 incl
Over 1.000 to
1.500 incl
Over 1.500 to
2.000 incl

Over 4 to
8 Incl

Over 8 to
12 Incl

Width, in.
Thickness

4 and
Under

Over 8 to 12
Incl

0.0025

0.003

0.0035

0.005

0.188 to 0.500
incl

0.003

0.004

0.0045

0.005

Over 0.500

NOTES:
(1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double
the values given.
(2) Percent of the specified width expressed to the nearest 0.001
in.
(3) If sawed, the tolerance is 132.

0.0035

0.0045

0.005

0.006

0.004

0.005

0.0055

0.007

0.005

0.006

0.007

0.009

0.015

0.020

0.022

0.025

0.020

0.024

0.026

0.030

0.008

4 to 8
Incl

32

0.20
[Note (2)]
1

32

0.20
[Note (2)
or (3)]
1
32

NOTE:
(1) When tolerances are specified as all plus or all minus, double
the values given.

TABLE 7
LENGTH TOLERANCES FOR ROD, BAR, AND SHAPES
(FULL-LENGTH PIECES SPECIFIC AND STOCK
LENGTHS WITH OR WITHOUT ENDS)

13.5 Length
13.5.1 Specified Length When exact lengths are
ordered, the lengths shall be not less than the ordered
length and shall not exceed it by more than the amount
specified in Table 7.

Length Classification
Specific lengths
Up to 6 ft
Over 6 to 15 ft
Over 15 ft
Specific lengths with ends
Stock lengths with or without ends

13.5.2 Stock Lengths For material ordered in

stock lengths, full-length pieces shall be not less than
the designated length and shall not exceed it by more
231

Tolerances, All Plus, in.

(Applicable Only to
Full-Length Pieces)
1

1
1

SB-187

1998 SECTION II
TABLE 10
RADIUS FOR SQUARE CORNERS

TABLE 8
SCHEDULE OF LENGTHS (SPECIFIC AND STOCK)
WITH ENDS
Dia or
Distance Between
Shortest
Parallel Surfaces
Permissible
for Round
Length
Hexagonal,
Rectangular
[Note (2)],
Octagonal Rod,
Bar Area
% of
and Square
[Note (1)], Nominal Nominal
Length, ft Length
Bar, in.
in.2
1

and under

Over
Over
Over
Over

0.250 and
under
1 to 1 incl
Over 0.250
2
to 1 incl
1 to 112 incl Over 1 to
2.25 incl
112 to 2 incl Over 2.25
to 4 incl
2 to 3 incl
Over 4 to 9
incl

6 to 14
incl
6 to 14
incl
6 to 12
incl
6 to 12
incl
6 to 10
incl

Specified Thickness, (in.)

1

1
32 to 16 incl
Over 116 to 316 incl
Over 316 to 1 incl
Over 1

Max
Permissible
Weight of
Ends, % of
Lot Weight

75

20

70

30

60

40

50

45

40

50

NOTES:
(1) Width times thickness, disregarding any rounded corner or
edges.
(2) Expressed to the nearest 12 ft.

Max Radius Permissible for

Square Corners (in.)
1

100

64

32

16

GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall not necessarily be tangent at

points A, but the product shall be commercially free from
sharp, rough, or projecting edges.

FIG. 1 ROUNDED CORNERS

TABLE 9
STRAIGHTNESS TOLERANCES APPLICABLE TO ANY
LONGITUDINAL SURFACE OR EDGE

13.6.1 To determine compliance with this section,

rod and bar shall, in case of disagreement, be checked
by the following method:

Portion of Total
Max
Length in Which
Curvature
Depth of Arc is
(Depth of Arc), in. Measured, in.
Rod
Shapes
Bar (except hard-drawn rectangular bar listed in following line)
Hard-drawn rectangular bar
1 to 5 in. incl in thick8
8
ness, having widths ranging
from 2 to 6 in. incl

120
72
60

96

13.6.1.1 Place the rod or bar on a level table so

that the arc or departure from straightness is horizontal.
Measure the maximum depth of arc to the nearest 132
in. using a steel scale and a straight edge.
13.7 Edge Contours
13.7.1 Angles All polygonal sections shall have
substantially exact angles and sharp corners.
13.7.2 Square Corners Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, bar shall be
finished with commercially square corners with the
maximum permissible radius shown in Table 10.
13.7.3 Rounded Corners When specified in the
contract or purchase order, bar may be finished with
corners rounded as shown in Fig. 1 to a quarter circle
with a radius as shown in Table 11. The tolerance on
the radius shall be 625%.

than 1 in. Short lengths may be included as prescribed

in Table 8.
13.6 Straightness Unless otherwise specified in
the contract or purchase order, the material shall be
supplied in straight lengths. The deviation from absolute
straightness of any longitudinal surface or edge shall
not exceed the limitations prescribed in Table 9.

13.7.4 Rounded Edge When specified in the

contract or purchase order, bar may be finished with
edges rounded as shown in Fig. 2, with a radius of
curvature as shown in Table 12.
232

PART B NONFERROUS MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS

SB-187

TABLE 11
RADIUS FOR ROUNDED CORNERS
Nominal Radius of Corners, in.
For Widths
Up to and
Including
2 Thickness

Specified
Thickness, in.
Up to 0.072 incl

0.012

Over 0.072 to 18
incl
Over 18 to 316 incl
Over 316 to 1 incl
Over 1

64

32

16
1
8

GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall not necessarily be tangent at

points A, but shall be substantially symmetrical with the axis
of the product, and the product shall be commercially free
from sharp, rough, or projecting edges.

For Widths More Than

2 Thickness
Full rounded edges as given in
13.7.5
Full rounded edges as given in
13.7.5
1
32
1
16
1
8

FIG. 3 FULL ROUNDED EDGE

NOTE 2 For the purpose of determining conformance with the

dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, any measured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension
may be cause for rejection.

14.

Specimen Preparation

14.1 Microscopical Examination Specimen preparation shall be in accordance with Procedure A of Test
Methods B 577.
GENERAL NOTE: The arc shall be substantially symmetrical
with the axis of the product. The corners A will usually be
sharp, but shall not have rough or projecting edges.

15.
FIG. 2 ROUNDED EDGE

Test Methods

15.1 Refer to Specification SB-249 for the appropriate

mechanical test method.
15.2 Chemical composition shall, in case of disagreement, be determined as follows:

TABLE 12
RADIUS FOR ROUNDED EDGE

Element
Specified Thickness,
in.
Up to 316 incl
Over 316

Nominal Radius of Tolerance on Radius,

Rounded Edge, in. Plus and Minus, in.
114 thickness
114 thickness

Copper
Phosphorus
Selenium

thickness
thickness

Silver
Tellurium

13.7.5 Full Rounded Edge When specified in

the contract or purchase order, bar may be finished
with substantially uniform round edges, the radius of
curvature being approximately one half the thickness
of the product as shown in Fig. 3, but in no case to
exceed one half the thickness of the product by more
than 25%.

ASTM Test Method

E 53
E 62
Refer to Annex, Specification B 216
E 478
Refer to Annex, Specification B 216

15.2.1 Test method(s) for the determination of

element(s) resulting from contractual or purchaser order
agreement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer or supplier and the purchaser.

16.

13.7.6 Shapes Products with edge or corner

contours other than described in 13.7.1 through 13.7.5
are classified as shapes.

Keywords

16.1 bar; bus bar; copper; electrical conductors; embrittlement test; rod; shapes
233

SB-187

1998 SECTION II

APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)

X.

RESISTIVITY

X1.1 Resistivity is used in place of conductivity.

The value of 0.15328 Vg/m2 at 20C (68F) is the
international standard for the resistivity of annealed
copper equal to 100% conductivity. This term means
that a wire 1 m in length and weighing 1 g, would
have a resistance of 0.15328 V. This is equivalent to
a resistivity value of 875.20 Vlb/mile2, which signifies
the resistance of a wire 1 mile in length weighing 1
lb. It is also equivalent, for example, to 1.7241 mV/
cm of length of a bar 1 cm2 in cross section. A
complete discussion of this subject is contained in NBS
Handbook 100 of the National Institute of Standards
Technology. Relationships which may be useful in
connection with the values of resistivity prescribed in
this specification are as shown in Table X1.1, each
column containing equivalent expressions at 20C
(68F).

TABLE X1.1
RESISTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS
Conductivity at
68F, %
Vg/m2

101.0

0.15176
Vlb/mile2 886.53
Vcmil/ft
10.268
Vmm2/m
0.017070
mVin.
0.67207
mVcm
1.7070

100.0

98.40

98.16

97.40

98.16

0.15328
875.20
10.371
0.017241
0.67879
1.7241

0.15577
889.42
10.539
0.017521
0.68981
1.7521

0.15614
891.60
10.565
0.017564
0.69151
1.7564

0.15737
898.55
10.648
0.017701
0.69690
1.7701

0.15940
910.15
10.785
0.017930
0.70590
1.7930

234

90.0
0.17031
972.44
11.523
0.019156
0.75421
1.9157

88.0
0.17418
994.55
11.785
0.019592
0.77135
1.9592