CON7437 What's New in Oracle Database 12c Release 12.1.0.2

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.
2)
Thomas Kyte
http://asktom.oracle.com/
Oracle Server Technologies
Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

1
Oracle Database 12c Overview
Oracle Database In-Memory
Oracle Database 12c for the Developer
Oracle Database 12c for Big Data
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.1)

Oracle Multitenant
Database consolidation
Fast Provisioning
Manage many as one
Oracle Automatic Data Optimization
Smart Compression
Automate Tiering
Data Guard Far Sync
Zero data loss over large distances
Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.1)

Application Continuity
Replay of failed transaction
Data Redaction
Masks application data dynamically
Transparent to application
Pattern Matching
Sophisticated inter row pattern analysis

Exploit memory to
improve
performance
Simplify access to
Big Data
Improve
application
developers
experience
Continue to
improve
consolidation

1
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
Flip Flops
1993 ~$25/mb; $26,214,400/tb
Core
ICs on board
SIMMs
2014 ~$0.007/mb; $7,645/tb
DIMMS
Big Drives
Floppy
Small Drives
Flash
SSD
7
Oracle Database In-Memory Goals

Real Time
Analytics
Accelerate OLTP
No Changes to
Applications
Exploit latest
generation
hardware
CPU
Row Format Databases vs. Column Format Databases

SALES
Row
Example: Insert or query a sales order

Fast processing few rows, many columns
SALES
Column
Transactions run faster on row format
Analytics run faster on column format

Example : Report on sales totals by region
Fast accessing few columns, many rows
Until Now Must Choose One Format and Suffer Tradeoffs

Oracle In-Memory Columnar Technology

Pure In-Memory Columnar
Pure in-memory column format
Not persistent, and no logging

Quick to change data: fast
OLTP
SALES
2x to 20x compression
Enabled at table or partition

level
Available on all hardware
platforms
10
Scans Billions of Rows per Second per CPU Core

Memory
CPU
Load
multiple
region
values
Vector Register
REGION
Example:
Find all sales
in region of CA
CA
CA
CA
CA
Vector
Compare
all values
an 1 cycle
Each CPU core scans local

in-memory columns
Scans use fast SIMD vector
instructions
Originally designed for
graphics & science
Billions of rows/sec scan

rate per CPU core
> 100x Faster

11

1
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
12

Flexible Schema development
Oracle Database 12c
JSON
SQL
Via RESTful service
JSON
Via Native APIs
Data persisted in database

In JSON
Data analyzed via SQL
Querying JSON
Sample JSON in column customers.document
{
select
"firstName": "John",
lastName: "Smith",
"age": 25,
"address": {
"streetAddress": "21 2nd Street",
"city": "New York",
"state": "NY",
"postalCode": "10021,
"isBusiness" : false},
Simplified
syntax for
simple queries
c.document.firstName,
c.document.lastName,
c.document.address.city,
c.document.phoneNumbers
from customers c;
"phoneNumbers": [
{
{
"type": "home",
"number": "212 555-1234 },
"type": "fax",
"number": "646
555-4567 } ]
Oracle REST Data Services

Enabling RESTful access to Oracle Database
Provides data access consistent with modern App Dev frameworks
Can map standard http(s) URI RESTful gets and posts to SQL
Can declaratively returns results in JSON format
JavaScript framework friendly
Can support high numbers of end users
Services
HTTP(s) relational data access

Oracle JSON collection based schemaless access
Oracle NoSQL access over HTTP
Oracle APEX mid-tier, web toolkit applications, mod_plsql replacement
Formally known as Oracle APEX Listener

Supported feature of the Oracle Database since 2010
Ships with Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Schemaless development using JSON Collection API (12.1.0.2)
URI
JSON
Transform
JSON Collection API

Pass Back
Auto Generated SQL

JSON
Oracle Database
HTTP(S) client
Data stored in Oracle Database as JSON documents

App Developer make standard HTTP(S) calls to JSON Collection APIs

Serving JSON results from relational data
URI
JSON
Transform
Map and Bind

Transform to JSON
SQL
SQL Result Set
HTTP(S) client
Oracle Database
Data stored in standard relational tables and columns

Oracle REST Data Services (ORDS) Developer defines URI<>SQL mapping
App Developer calls named URI over HTTP(S) gets and posts

Serving JSON results with Oracle NoSQL Database (ORDS 3.1)
URI
JSON
Transform
NoSQL API
Pass Back
Key-Value Lookup
JSON
HTTP(S) client
Oracle NoSQL
Database
Oracle REST Data Services provides HTTP(s) access to Oracle NoSQL

Oracle NoSQL is embedded within ORDS and can also access remote DB

1
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
20
SQL is Critical
.the complexity of dealing with a
non-ACID data store in every part of
our business logic would be too
great, and there was simply no way
our business could function without
SQL queries.
Google, VLDB 2013
https://www.linkedin.com/groups/Find-out-why-Google-decided-4434815.S.273792742
[Facebook] started in the Hadoop

world. We are now bringing in
relational to enhance that. ... [we]
realized that using the wrong
technology for certain kinds of
problems can be difficult.
Ken Rudin, Facebook, TDWI 2013
http://tdwi.org/articles/2013/05/06/facebooks-relational-platform.aspx
21
Oracle Support for Any Data Management System

Hadoop
NoSQL
Change the Business
Scale the Business
Scale-out, low cost store

Collect any data
Map-reduce, SQL
Analytic applications
Relational
Run the Business
Scale-out, low cost store

Collect key-value data
Find data by key
Web applications
Scale-out and scale-up

Collect any data
SQL
Transactional and analytic
applications for the enterprise
Secure and highly available
22
Overcoming Barriers to Adoption of New Technologies

INTEGRATION
SKILLS
SECURITY
SQL
Engineered
Systems
SQL on
All Data
Database
Security on
All Data
Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Confidential
23
Oracle Big Data SQL
One fast SQL query , on all your data.

Oracle SQL on Hadoop and beyond
With a Smart Scan service as in Exadata
With native SQL operators
With the security and certainty of Oracle Database
Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Oracle Confidential Internal/Restricted/Highly Restricted
24
Accessing Big Data
Select w.sess_id,
w.cust_id,
w.page_id
From web_logs w
Where w.source_country = Brazil
And w.category = TV
And w.channel = Mobile
Without SQL Push Down
Request for Data
100s of Terabytes of Data
WEB_LOGS
Hadoop Cluster
Low utilization of
available resources
All columns and rows from the

table are returned
High load on
database server
25
Big Data SQL Push Down
Select w.sess_id,
w.cust_id,
w.page_id
From web_logs w
And w.category = TV
With SQL Push Down

Big Data SQL Server
SQL shipped to BDA
10s of Gigabytes of Data

WEB_LOGS
Hadoop Cluster
Only columns and rows needed to

answer query are returned
Good utilization of
available resources.
SQL executed on
Hadoop cluster
Lower load on Server,

Faster response
26
Select w.sess_id,
w.cust_id,
w.page_id,
c.name
From web_logs w, customers c
And w.category = TV
And c.customer_id = w.cust_id

With SQL Push Down
Big Data SQL Server
SQL shipped to BDA
10s of Gigabytes of Data

WEB_LOGS
CUSTOMERS
Hadoop Cluster

Good utilization of
SQL executed on
Hadoop cluster
Data joined between

CUSTOMERS and
WEB_LOGS on server
27
Select w.sess_id,
w.cust_id,
w.page_id,
c.name
From web_logs w, customers c
And w.category = TV
And c.customer_id = w.cust_id

With SQL Push Down
Big Data SQL Server
SQL Push Downs supported by Big Data SQL

SQL shipped to BDA
WEB_LOGS
Hadoop scans (InputFormat, SerDe)

JSON 10s
parsing
of Gigabytes of Data
WHERE clause evaluation
Column projection
Bloom filters for faster join
Hadoop Cluster
CUSTOMERS
Good utilization of
SQL executed on
Hadoop cluster
Data joined between

CUSTOMERS and
WEB_LOGS on server
28
New Data Sources for Oracle External Tables

CREATE TABLE web_logs
(click VARCHAR2(4000))
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL
( TYPE ORACLE_HIVE
DEFAULT DIRECTORY Dir1
ACCESS PARAMETERS
(
com.oracle.bigdata.tablename logs
com.oracle.bigdata.cluster mycluster)
)
REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED
New set of properties

ORACLE_HIVE and ORACLE_HDFS access drivers
Identify a Hadoop cluster, data source, column
mapping, error handling, overflow handling,
logging
New table metadata passed from Oracle DDL

to Hadoop readers at query execution
Architected for extensibility
StorageHandler capability enables future support
for other data sources
Examples: MongoDB, HBase, Oracle NoSQL DB
29

1
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
30
Oracle Multitenant
New architecture for consolidating databases and simplifying operations
DW
ERP
CRM
Self-contained PDB for each application
Applications run unchanged

Rapid provisioning (via clones)
Portability (via pluggability)
Common operations performed at CDB

level
Manage many as one (upgrade, HA, backup)

Granular control when appropriate
Shared memory and background

processes
More applications per server
31
Multitenant New Features in 12.1.0.2
Cloning
Subset by tablespace
Metadata-only clone
Remote clone (including

snapshots)
File system-agnostic cloning via

dNFS (clonedb = true)
New standbys clause
PRIMARY
SQL
New SQL clause to aggregate

data across PDBs
select ENAME from
containers(scott.EMP)
where CON_ID in (45, 49);
Cross PDB Queries
(all | none)
Nologging clause at PDB level
STANDBY
Standby & Logging
Additional
Features
Flashback data archive,

transaction query & backout
Temporal SQL Support
Compatible with DB In-Memory
Maintains state of PDBs

between CDB restarts
32

1
Oracle Multitenant
Other Improvements
33
Performance Improvements
34
Advanced Index Compression

Compresses indexes to reduce their overall storage requirement
Less space required on disk
Better use of the database cache
Indexes are compressed by between 1 3 times

Little or no discernable overhead
Compression Advisor extended to describe the possible benefits of this
feature
35
Attribute Clustering
Ordering of data so that rows are stored near one another based on column values
Benefits :
Improved query performance and concurrency
Reduced physical data access trough smart IO
Significant IO reduction for highly selective operations
Optimized space utilization

Less need for indexes
Improved compression ratios through data clustering
Full application transparency

Any application will benefit
36
Zone Maps
Persisted storage index
Stores minimum and maximum of specified columns

Analogous to a coarse index structure
Much more compact than an index
Zone maps filter out what you dont need, indexes find what you do need
Significant performance benefits with complete application transparency

IO reduction for table scans with predicates on the table itself or even a joined table
using join zone maps (a.k.a. hierarchical zone map)
Benefits are most significant with ordered data

Used in combination with attribute clustering or data that is naturally ordered
37
1,2,3...
Approximate Count Distinct

Not every query requires a completely accurate result
How many distinct individuals visited our website last week?
New SQL function for approximate results for COUNT DISTINCT aggregates
APPROX_COUNT_DISTINCT()
Approximate results can be significantly faster and use less resources than
exact calculations
5x to 50x ++ times faster (depending upon number of distinct values and complexity
of SQL)
Accuracy > 97% (with 95% confidence)
38
Rapid Home Provisioning
Oracle Rapid Home Provisioning

Install Once Use Many
Patching is complex and time consuming

Even when automated
New way to deploy upgrades

Create reference homes on Centralized Home Server
Apply patches once (Enterprise) on Home Server
Distribute homes on-demand or policy
Fast and Efficient

Rapid distribution (network efficient)
Space efficient (snapshots)
Local caches
40
Oracle Rapid Home Provisioning

Oracle Enterprise Manager
Database Cloud
Provisioning
Cluster
Monitoring and Configuration
Cluster
Capacity and Resource

Patching
Cluster
Performance and Tuning

Service Level
NFS Mount
Application
Cluster
Cluster
Database
Cluster
Grid
Service
Catalog
S/W Distribution
Grid Home
Server
Local Gold Image
Differential Copy
41
Database Backup Logging

Recovery Appliance
B
42
Database Backup Logging Recovery Appliance

A New Approach to Data protection in the Enterprise
Backup Windows
Eliminated. No more Full
Backups
Sub second transaction

protection of critical data
Improved System
Availability by offloading
backup processing
End to end data protection

by block validation
throughout its lifecycle
43
Architected for Protection of Critical Data

DELTA PUSH
DBs access and send only changed data
Minimal impact on production servers
Real-time redo ship for near-zero data loss
CLOUD SCALE
Copy to tape: no production server load
Tapes utilized all day
Restore directly from tape
B B
CLOUD SCALE
DELTA STORE
Scales to 1000s of Clients
Validated, compressed database change data
Petabytes of Data
Fast restores to any point-in-time using deltas
No expensive backup agents
Built on Exadata scaling & resilience
44
Oracle Key Vault
Key Management Challenges Heard from Customers

Servers
Management Challenges
Proliferation of encryption wallets and keys

Authorized sharing of keys
Key availability, retention, and recovery
Custody of keys and key storage files
Databases
Middleware
Regulatory Challenges
Physical separation of keys from encrypted data

Periodic key rotations
Monitoring and auditing of keys
Long-term retention of keys and encrypted data
46
Key Management with Oracle Key Vault
KEY VAULT
Centralized management of keys, secrets, Oracle Wallets, Java Keystores and more
Optimized solution for Oracle Stack (Database, Middleware, Systems)
Supports industry standard OASIS KMIP protocol
47
Oracle Key Vault High-Level Architecture

Middleware
KEY VAULT
Standby
Administration
Console, Alerts,
Reports
Databases
Servers
Secure Backups
= Oracle Wallet
= Certificate
= Java Keystore
= Server
Password
= Credential File
48
Oracle Advanced Security Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)

Oracle Wallet Scenarios
Data Guard
RAC
Multiple DBs
Same Machine
GoldenGate
Single
Instance
KEY VAULT
49
Oracle Advanced Security Transparent Data Encryption (TDE)

Direct Connection Scenarios
Data Guard
RAC
Multiple DBs
Same Machine
GoldenGate
Single
Instance
KEY VAULT
50
Oracle Key Vault Software Appliance Platform

Turnkey solution based on hardened stack
Includes Oracle Database and security options
Open x86-64 hardware to choose from
Easy to install, configure, deploy, and patch
Separation of duties for administrative users

Full auditing, preconfigured reports, and alerts
51
Session ID: CON7486

Session Title: Developers Rule the World
(Again)
Venue / Room: Moscone South - 303
Date and Time: 9/29/14, 16:00 - 16:45
Session ID: CON7501

Session Title: Five More Things About
SQL and PL/SQL
Date and Time: 9/30/14, 15:45 - 16:30
Session ID: CON9027

Session Title: YesSQL! A Celebration of
SQL and PL/SQL
Date and Time: 9/29/14, 18:30 - 20:00
Session ID: CON8450

Session Title: SQL (and PL/SQL) Tuning
Experts Panel
Date and Time: 9/30/14, 17:00 - 17:45
Session ID: CON7439

Session Title: SQL Is the Best
Development Language for Big Data
Date and Time: 9/30/14, 10:45 - 11:30
Session ID: CON7485

Session Title: Securing Data in Oracle
Database 12c
Venue / Room: Moscone North - 131
Date and Time: 10/1/14, 11:30 - 12:15
Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | Oracle Confidential Internal/Restricted/Highly Restricted
53

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Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Oracle Database 12c Overview

Oracle Database In-Memory

Oracle Database 12c for the Developer

Oracle Database 12c for Big Data

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.1)

Manage many as one

Oracle Automatic Data Optimization

Data Guard Far Sync

Zero data loss over large distances

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c (12.1.0.1)

Replay of failed transaction

Masks application data dynamically

Sophisticated inter row pattern analysis

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Oracle Database 12c Overview

Oracle Database In-Memory

Oracle Database 12c for the Developer

Oracle Database 12c for Big Data

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

1993 ~$25/mb; $26,214,400/tb

2014 ~$0.007/mb; $7,645/tb

Oracle Database In-Memory Goals

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Row Format Databases vs. Column Format Databases

Example: Insert or query a sales order

Transactions run faster on row format

Analytics run faster on column format

Until Now Must Choose One Format and Suffer Tradeoffs

Oracle In-Memory Columnar Technology

Pure in-memory column format

Not persistent, and no logging

Enabled at table or partition

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Scans Billions of Rows per Second per CPU Core

Each CPU core scans local

Billions of rows/sec scan

> 100x Faster

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Oracle Database 12c Overview

Oracle Database In-Memory

Oracle Database 12c for the Developer

Oracle Database 12c for Big Data

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1.0.2)

Via RESTful service

Data persisted in database

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Data analyzed via SQL

Copyright 2014 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |

Oracle REST Data Services

Provides data access consistent with modern App Dev frameworks

HTTP(s) relational data access

Formally known as Oracle APEX Listener

Oracle REST Data Services

JSON Collection API

Auto Generated SQL

CON7437 What's New in Oracle Database 12c Release 12.1.0.2

CON7437 What's New in Oracle Database 12c Release 12.1.0.2