The automotive industry in India is one of the largest automotive markets in the

world. It was previously one of the fastest growing markets globally, but it is
currently experiencing flat or negative growth rates.[1][2] In 2009, India emer
ged as Asia's fourth largest exporter of passenger cars, behind Japan, South Kor
ea, and Thailand,[3] overtaking Thailand to become third in 2010. As of 2010, In
dia was home to 40 million passenger vehicles. More than 3.7 million automotive
vehicles were produced in India in 2010 (an increase of 33.9%), making India the
second fastest growing automobile market in the world (after China).[4][5] Indi
a's passenger car and commercial vehicle manufacturing industry recently overtoo
k Brazil to become the sixth largest in the world, with an annual production of
more than 3.9 million units in 2011.[6][7] From 2011 to 2012, the industry grew
16-18%, selling around three million units.[7] According to the Society of India
n Automobile Manufacturers, annual vehicle sales are projected to increase to 4
million by 2015, not 5 million as previously projected.[1][8]
In 2011, there were 3,695 factories producing automotive parts in all of India.
The average firm made US$6 million in annual revenue with profits close to US$40
0 thousand.
Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 Restrictions under the license raj
1.2 Liberalisation
1.3 Slow export growth
1.4 Emission norms
1.5 Local manufacture encouraged
2 Manufacturing facilities
2.1 Gujarat
2.2 Haryana
2.3 Himachal Pradesh
2.4 Jharkhand
2.5 Karnataka
2.6 Kerala
2.7 Madhya Pradesh
2.8 Maharashtra
2.9 Punjab
2.10 Rajasthan
2.11 Tamil Nadu
2.12 Uttar Pradesh
2.13 Uttarakhand
2.14 West Bengal
3 Exports
3.1 Top 18 export destinations in 2007-2008 and growth from previous year
4 Passenger vehicles in India
4.1 Indian automotive companies
4.1.1 Defunct Indian automotive companies
4.2 Foreign automotive companies in India
4.2.1 Vehicles manufactured or assembled in India
4.2.2 Vehicles imported into India
5 Commercial vehicle manufacturers in India
5.1 Indian brands
5.2 Joint-venture (JV) brands
5.3 Foreign-owned brands
6 Electric vehicle and Hybrid vehicle (xEV) industry
6.1 Electric car manufacturers in India
7 Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of India
8 See also
9 References
10 Bibliography
History[edit]

A pre-Independence car showroom in Secunderabad

The Hindustan Ambassador dominated India's automotive market from the 1960s unti
l the mid-80s
In 1897, the first car ran on an Indian road. Through the 1930s, cars were only
imported, and in very small numbers.
An embryonic automotive industry emerged in India in the 1940s. Hindustan was la
unched in 1942, long-time competitor Premier in 1944, building GM and Fiat produ
cts respectively.[9] Mahindra & Mahindra was established by two brothers in 1945
, and began assembly of Jeep CJ-3A utility vehicles. Following independence in 1
947, the Government of India and the private sector launched efforts to create a
n automotive-component manufacturing industry to supply to the automobile indust
ry. In 1953, an import substitution programme was launched, and the import of fu
lly built-up cars began to be restricted.[9]