Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Compiled by
M a k ta b at u l Faqi r
Contents
Foreword9
Prologue11
Acknowledgements19
Day 1
The Much Anticipated Arrival
The Power of the Quran
History at Every TurnA Night Tour of Istanbul
21
22
26
Day 2
Visit to the Sacred Trusts
History of the Sacred Trusts
Turning Heads at Topkapi Palace
Panorama 1453 History Museum
Significance of the Conquest of Istanbul
Founding of the Ottoman Sultanate: The Story of Osman Ghazi
Al-Fatehs Spiritual Guide: Shaykh Aaq Shemsuddin
Sultan Muhammad al-Fateh and the Conquest of Istanbul
An Extraordinary Plan
Shaykh Aaq Shemsuddin s Duas
The Opening of Constantinople
Visit to Sultan Muhammad al-Fateh
Understanding the Secret of the Ummahs Success
7
29
30
34
35
37
39
42
42
44
45
45
48
50
Day 3
Lessons in History along the Bosphorus
Zikr on the Bosphorus
A Visit to Eyup Sultan
Hazrat Abu Ayub al-Ansari
The King of Hearts at Eyup Sultan
Journey to Konya
55
59
60
62
66
66
Day 4
Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi
Visit to Maulana Rumi s Shrine
Visit to Shams Tabriz s Shrine
A Moth around a Flame
Maulana Rumi s Spiritual Stature
Abandoned Traditional Schools of Learning
Our Naqshbandi Khanqah in Konya
Understanding Maulana Rumi and the Masnavi
On the Capacity to Accept Spiritual Benefit
On the Benefit of Love on the Day of Judgment
On Attaining the Forgiveness of Allah
On the Paths of the Nafs and Qalb
Return from Konya
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75
79
80
80
81
82
83
84
87
91
91
94
Day 5
Visit to the Hagia Sofia (Ayasofya)
The Conqueror of Hearts at the Ayasofya
Visit to Sultan Ahmed Mosque
The Difference between Real and Fake
Bidding Farewell
95
97
99
99
100
Foreword
The khayr ul quroon were driven by an intense love for Allah to
take His blessed name to all corners of the world. It is an amazing
fact that even today, the boundaries of the core Muslim World are
largely demarcated by those lands that were blessed by the physical
presence of the Sahaba, the tabieen, and the taba tabieen. During
travels across the world, this faqir has repeatedly been amazed to find
that the final resting places of the people of khayr al quroon continue
to be the blessed outposts on the borders of Muslim lands. Indeed, an
indication is sufficient for the wise!
Turkey is one such land that was blessed with the presence of the
Companions of the Prophet . The story of ishq that began with the
love and adab of Sayyidna Abu Ayub al-Ansari for the Prophet
continued until his death at the gates of Constantinople. This same
story of ishq continues through to Konya in Turkey, where as a result
of his meeting with Shams Tabriz , Maulana Rumi s spiritual
intoxication led him to produce that timeless expression of love for
Allah known as the Masnavi. This same ishq and adab perfumed
the life of Muhammad al-Fatih that whose accomplishments
were foretold in ahadeeth. However, this fable of ishq does not finish here. There are still many more chapters to be written until the
end of time.
9
5 April 2011
10
Prologue
Imam Razi said that if a wali, a friend of Allah , passes through
a town, everyone in that town obtains a portion of his spiritual radiance, his noor. The reality of this noor, and its recognition by those
whose hearts are alive, is illustrated here in three incidents that we have
heard from our Shaykh, Hazrat Maulana Zulfiqar Ahmad Naqshbandi
Mujaddidi (db), which are described below.
Once, Imam-ul-Ulema was-Suleha1 Hazrat Khwaja Abdul Malik
Siddiqui visited the town of Khewra in Punjab, Pakistan, accompanied by his renowned khalifa (authorized deputy) Hazrat Ghulam
Habib 2. Upon reaching a bend in the mountainous track on which
they were travelling, he glanced at the town, now in sight, and asked
whether any pious elder, a buzurg, lived there. Hazrat Ghulam Habib
informed him that no such personality resided there. Khwaja Sahib
was not convinced, as his spiritual intuition told him something
different, and he repeated his question; Hazrat Ghulam Habib
confirmed that he was well-acquainted with the town and its residents,
and was certain that no one of notable spiritual standing was amongst
1 This title, which literally means Leader of the Religious Scholars and the Righteous
was given to Hazrat Khwaja Abdul Malik Siddiqui , who was the grand-Shaykh of
our Hazrat (db), in lieu of his exalted spiritual stature and the scope of his influence.
2 Murshid-e-Aalam (Spiritual Guide of the World), Hazrat Ghulam Habib was a
great Naqshbandi shaykh and was the spiritual guide of our Hazrat (db).
11
them. However, upon reaching the house of their hosts they came to
know that another khalifa of Hazrat Khwaja Fazal Ali Qureishi 3
was passing through Khewra, and had decided to stop there for a while.
Khwaja Sahib turned to his companion and said, Did I not tell
you that I could see the noor of a wali here?
Another illuminating incident involves Maulana Badr-e-Alam 4,
a great alim (religious scholar) whose book Tarjuman-us-Sunnah is
well-known and highly respected amongst religious scholars. While
writing the book, Maulana Badr-e-Alam engaged the services of
Haji Muhammad Ala Sahib from Idara-e-Mujaddidiya, Karachi, for
the actual lettering of the final draft. Once during the course of this
engagement, Maulana Badr-e-Alam planned to visit Karachi to
work with Haji Sahib on editing the book, and wrote a letter to Haji
Sahib informing him of his upcoming trip. He requested that news of
his visit not be made public as he did not want any distractions from
the task at hand. Hazrat Syed Zawwaar Husain Shah Sahib 5 was in
those days teaching in a school, and was learning the art of handwriting from Haji Muhammad Ala Sahib in his spare time. Because his
visits were a daily practice, Haji Sahib mentioned Maulana Badr-eAlam s visit to him, and invited him to join them for dinner; Syed
Zawwaar Husain Shah Sahib accepted this invitation. Maulana
Badr-e-Alam arrived at Haji Sahibs as planned and they worked on
3 Hazrat Khwaja Fazal Ali Qureishi was a great Naqshbandi shaykh and was the
spiritual guide of Hazrat Khwaja Abdul Malik Siddiqui .
4 Maulana Badre-e-Alam was a leading scholar of Hadith who was a graduate of
Madrasah Mazahir-e-Ulum in Saharanpur, and of Dar al-Ulum Deoband. He attended the
lectures of Maulana Anwar Shah al-Kashmiri on the Sahih of Imam al-Bukhari for
five years. He transcribed his beloved teachers lectures in Arabic which were published
as Faiz al-Bari ala Sahih al-Bukhari. After the partition of India and Pakistan, Maulana
Badr Alam immigrated to Pakistan and lectured at Dar al-Ulum al-Islamiyyah founded
by Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani . His love for Madinah Munawwarah led him
to settle there in 1953 and he passed away in this Blessed City in 1965.
5 Hazrat Syed Zawwaar Husain Shah Sahib was a great Naqshbandi shaykh and
the first spiritual guide of our beloved Shaykh Zulfiqar Ahmad Naqshbandi Mujaddidi
(db). He was also a great Hanafi scholar and author of the fiqh masterpiece, Umdatul Fiqh.
12
Prologue
their book, after which they ate dinner and prepared for Isha. Maulana
Badr-e-Alam said to Syed Zawwaar Husain Shah Sahib , you
appear to be a maulvi, why dont you lead the prayer tonight. Shah
Sahib agreed and led the prayer. After completion of the prayer,
Maulana Badr-e-Alam s state was visibly changed and he said to
Haji Ala Sahib that if there is a sahib-e-nisbat buzurg (a pious elder
who has attained the blessing of spiritual connection) in the gathering we should be told about it so that we may be able to give him due
respect. Haji Sahib was surprised and asked who amongst them was
of such an elevated spiritual standing? Maulana Sahib pointed to
Syed Zawwaar Husain Shah Sahib , a revelation that shocked Haji
Ala Sahib for Shah Sahib had been his student for many years
and out of his humility had never once made mention of his nisbat.
Maulana Badr-e-Alam Sahib explained that it was Shah Sahib s
greatness that he had kept such a big blessing a secret for so long. Haji
Ala Sahib later investigated and confirmed that Syed Zawaar Husain
Shah Sahib had indeed attained the noor of nisbat from his Shaykh,
Hazrat Khwaja Muhammad Saeed Quraishi .
Hazrat once shared with us his own experience from his young age.
He had a colleague, a fellow-engineer, whose Shaykh was supposed
to visit their home-town. He invited Hazrat to meet the Shaykh and
Hazrat accepted the invitation on the condition that he be introduced
to the venerable guest simply as a manager in the factory. On the day
of the visit, Hazrat discreetly came to the gathering of the Shaykh as
promised, donning a cap instead of his signature imamah (turban), and
sat at the back of the gathering inconspicuously. After the gathering,
the Shaykh was scheduled to leave for a nearby village, but the man
who was supposed to take him there did not arrive on time. Sensing
his anxiety at the delay, Hazrat offered to take the Shaykh wherever
he needed to go. His colleague accepted the offer and they set off,
with the Shaykh sitting in the passenger seat besides Hazrat, and his
colleague in the back. The teacher and student talked along the way
as Hazrat drove silently. When they reached the village it was time for
13
Isha so they decided to make wudu and pray. After prayer, the Shaykh
invited everyone to sit in muraqabah (silent remembrance of Allah
). However, he finished soon after he had started and summoned his
student to him, his displeasure evident from his face as he reprimanded
his student for something. He then turned to Hazrat and said Neither
you nor your colleague told me who you really were. You should have
informed me to save me from behaving inappropriately with you. I
did not show you the respect you deserve. But in muraqabah I saw
clearly the noor of nisbat in you. Now to make up for my negligence, I
will walk across the entire village with you along with all my students
here, to see you off.
During our trip to Syria with Hazrat, we ourselves witnessed how
this noor of our Shaykh can be clearly seen by those whose hearts are
alive. On our way to the resting place of Imam Nawawi we stopped
for Friday prayers at a local mosque in Nawa. After the prayer ended,
the khateeb of the mosque came from across the mosque to us, held
Hazrats hand and insisted that he be granted the honor of hosting
Hazrat for lunch. However, since our schedule was packed, Hazrat
politely declined his offer. The man then reached into his pocket and
took out a bundle of notes and handed it to us, insisting that we use
it to buy ourselves lunch; we estimated the amount as being a large
portion of his monthly salary, and far more than we needed for lunch.
We were all wondering how this complete stranger had recognized
Hazrat. Just then the khateeb, who must have noticed our questioning
looks, addressed Hazrat and explained, Your noor drew me to you.
In October 2010, our beloved Shaykh took his noor to Istanbul.
With its strategic location and striking beauty, with the picturesque
Bosphorus dividing the city into its Asian and European parts, Istanbul
has been the jewel in the crown and the feather in the cap of many a
king and commander, and its conquest and defeat has marked the rise
and fall of civilizations. This historic city has been the battleground
for competing world-powers throughout the ages, and for Muslims it
serves as a reminder of the glorious past, as well as the present predica14
Prologue
ment, of the Ummah. While rulers in the past conquered the city with
swords and cannon balls, our Shaykh entered to wield a power much
greater than that of weapons, to produce an effect more long-lasting.
He entered, as he always does, to conquer hearts, and time will surely
tell what impact this brief trip had on the people of this city.
Prior to Hazrat, other Naqshbandi elders also brought the noor
of this nisbat to Turkey. Though the first Naqshbandis had arrived
in Anatolia by the turn of the 15th century, it was not until later in
the 15th century through the khulafa and disciples of Hazrat Khwaja
Ubaidullah Ahrar that one can speak of a whole wave of Naqshbandi
transmission to the region, which included modern-day Turkey. It was
because of Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar s concerted efforts that the
Naqshbandi silsila spread westward from Central Asia, and a strong
base was established for the Naqshbandi order in Turkey.
Shaykh Muhammad Murad , a khalifa of Khwaja Muhammad
Masum (the son of Imam-e-Rabbani Mujaddid Alf-e-Thaani Shaykh
Ahmad Sirhindi 6) is credited with introducing and popularizing the
Mujaddidi branch of the Naqshbandi order in the Ottoman lands. In
1681 he visited Istanbul, where he spent five years. After travels spanning almost three decades, he returned to Istanbul in 1729 and died
there the same year. A khanqah7 built at his tomb became the center of
the Mujaddidi branch of the Naqshbandi order in the Ottoman lands.
He was followed by Maulana Khalid Rumi , the most prominent
non-Indian khalifa of Hazrat Ghulam Ali Dehlawi . Hazrat Ghulam
Ali Dehlawi was the khalifa of Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan and
the 31st in our Shaykhs line of Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi mashaikh, our
6 Imam-e-Rabbani, Hazrat Mujaddid Alf-e-Sani, Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi was one
of the greatest of the mashaikh of Naqshband and the mujaddid (renewer) of the second
millennium. He expanded the lessons of the Naqshbandi tariqah because of which
the spiritual chain after him is also known as Mujaddidi. He is also famous for having
stood up to the Mughal emperor Akbar when the latter invented the new religion of
Deen-e-Ilahi.
7A khanqah is a spiritual sanctuary where travelers (salikeen) on the spiritual path
(sulook) spend time in the company of their shaykh to be cured of their spiritual diseases.
15
Hazrat being the 40th. Hazrat Ghulam Ali Dehlawi was known
as a mujaddid of the 13th (hijrah) century. Under his supervision, his
khalifa Maulana Khalid Rumi revived the Naqshbandi order in
Iraq, Syria and Turkey in the early 19th century. In a letter written to
the scholars and nobility of Turkey in support of Maulana Khalid ,
Hazrat Ghulam Ali said, His hand is my hand, his vision is my
vision, his friendship is my friendship. His rejection by the people
and the animosity they show towards him adversely affect me. His
acceptance by the people is like their acceptance of my masters, namely
Shah Naqshband, Khwaja Ahrar, Khwaja Muhammad Baqi and
Hazrat Mujaddid. It is incumbent upon the Muslims of that country
to respect and revere him. Similarly it is obligatory upon me to pray
for his well-being, long life and safety. Amongst those that attained
the noor of nisbat through Maulana Khalid Rumi were hundreds
of ulema, the most prominent amongst them being the great Hanafi
jurist, Maulana Ibn e Abideen ash-Shami , author of the famous
Radd al-Mukhtar. Maulana Ghulam Muhiyuddin Qusuri , Hazrat
Ghulam Ali s major khalifa and compiler of his discourses, ends his
description of Maulana Khalid Rumi by saying that from visitors
(to Delhi) we learn that Maulana is the marja (religious reference)
of all the people of Rum (present-day Turkey).
Since a lot of time had since passed, time was apt for another
spiritual polish and Allah opened the way for our Hazrat to once
again take the noor of the Naqshbandi-Mujaddidi nisbat to Turkey.
Those of us who were blessed enough to accompany Hazrat on this
journey cannot thank Allah the Most Gracious enough for this
opportunity to enrich our souls in the invaluable company of our
Shaykh. Alhamdulillah a million times! Indeed, the mere sight of the
friends of Allah serves as a reminder of Him, and the best moments
of our lives are the ones spent beholding the radiant countenance of
our Hazrat, and under his transformative gaze. As Maulana Rumi ,
that iconic lover of Allah who hailed from the city of Konya in
present-day Turkey, once said:
16
Prologue
The details of this historic trip are recorded for the benefit of our
brothers and sisters who were not with us through these travels. As
Hazrat Junaid Baghdadi once said, reading about the words and
actions of the awliya (friends) of Allah is an army from the armies
of Allah , and benefit readers in every age. In the pages that follow,
we relive the most precious moments from what were truly amongst
the best days of our lives.
Mustafa Kamal
Jamadi ul Awal 1432
(April 2011)
17
Acknowledgements
This book is dedicated to our beloved Shaykh, the light of our lives,
without whom our lives would be completely empty.
19
Day 1
The Much Anticipated Arrival
Hazrat was scheduled to arrive at Ataturk International Airport,
Istanbul, at 3 pm on Friday, October 15, 2010. This faqir arrived a
day earlier to make sure the hotel and transportation arrangements
were suitable, to stock up on basic supplies, and to scope out the area
surrounding our hotel for pharmacies, grocery stores, and money
changers etc.
We reached the airport on time to pick up Hazrat; my heart paced
wildly as my eyes scanned the arriving passengers for him. Finally,
there he was, still tall and striking, easily identifiable by the noor and
calmness emanating from him, exuding an invisible force drawing
those around him helplessly towards him. After exchanging happy
greetings, we drove with Hazrat to our hotel.
Shaykh Husain Abdul Sattar (db) from Chicago, who was one of
Hazrats main companions on this journey, was waiting for Hazrat
back at the hotel. Upon seeing Hazrat he exclaimed, echoing what all
of us felt, The sun has just risen and lighted up the world of my heart!
After exchanging happy greetings, we sat in the hotel lobby to discuss the itinerary for the next five days. Our hotel was centrally located
in the historic Sultanahmet district of Istanbul, which was where most
21
of the main historic sites of the city were located, in between numerous
kebab and souvenir shops. We had rented a mini-bus driven by a local
driver to take us on our local excursions, our only planned long distance journey being an overnight trip to Konya, the town of Maulana
Jalaluddin Rumi . Hazrat made minor changes to the itinerary to
make it easier for the whole group to follow; as always, he wanted
to make sure that everyone felt comfortable throughout the journey.
Day 1
bin Maaz sent his cousin to stop them, to make Musab abandon
his mission and return home. Arming himself with his spear, Usaid
bin Huzair went in search of Musab bin Umair and Asad bin
Zurarah a man with a mission. When Asad saw Usaid bin
Huzair approaching, he informed Musab that this was a leader
of the community, and requested Musab to prove the reality of
Allah to him, invite him to Islam with sincerity, and speak the
truth without fear. Upon reaching them, Usaid launched a tirade of
accusations and curses. Musab did not lose his temper and asked
Usaid to sit down and hear him out; Usaid thought it was only fair
to give the opposing party a chance to speak, so he stuck his spear in
the ground and sat down. Musab spoke with him about Islam and
recited some verses of the Quran before him, certain of the impact
that the Quran had on the hearts of those who hear it. By the time
Musab had concluded his recitation, Usaid was smitten and asked,
How can I become like you? He was told to take a bath and purify
himself, then to recite the testimony of faith and perform the ritual
prayer. Thereafter, Usaid advised Musab to direct his efforts at
someone more important and influential than himself, and planned
to send his cousin Saad bin Maaz, Musab s way.
When Usaid returned to Saad bin Maaz, the tribal leader
immediately realized that Usaid was a changed man and swore that
the face with which Usaid returned was not the same face with which
he left him just a short while ago. He questioned his cousin regarding
what had happened and Usaid told him that he had tried to stop
the duo but in vain, and suggested that Saad should go and try for
himselfa ploy to expose Saad to the same overwhelming power of
the Quran that had turned the world of his heart upside down in a
matter of just moments. So Saad went to Musab bin Umair and
Asad bin Zurarah and expressed his contempt for their activities.
Musab asked him to hear what he had to say and began reciting
the initial verses of Surah al-Zukhruf before him. Succumbing as his
cousin had before him to the irresistible power of the Quran, Saad
23
Day 1
by the name of Abu Huzaifa who heard about Saalims story and was
impressed by Thubaitas kindness. The young woman had many other
virtues and was intelligent, so Abu Huzaifa sent a marriage proposal
for her, which was accepted by her family and they were soon married.
Sometime thereafter, Abu Huzaifa decided to return home and took
Thubaita and Saalim with him. In his absence, the message of Islam
had started spreading in Makkah Mukarramah and one of his friends
from among the business community there, Usman bin Affan , had
converted to Islam while he was away. He felt that Usman was
behaving differently with him, more distant than before, and asked
him regarding his changed attitude. Usman explained to him that
the difference in their religions had created a gap between them and
Abu Huzaifa was so moved by his speech that he came to the Prophet
and accepted Islam. Thubaita followed suit. One day she heard the
Prophet s sermon highlighting the rewards that a person earns by
freeing a slave and decided to free Saalim, but Saalim was very upset
by this decision as he had nowhere to go. Abu Huzaifa offered to
keep Saalim with him, which is why Saalim became known as the
Maula, the freed slave, of Abu Huzaifa .
Saalim also accepted Islam and presented himself before the
Prophet to learn the Quran. The economic condition, social status
and physical appearance of this young man were so pitiable that no
one considered him worth anything. However, the knowledge of the
Quran that he acquired elevated his status such that, according to a
narration by Hazrat Abdullah ibn Umar , a time came when during
the emigration to Madinah Munawwarah, the first group of Muslims
reached Quba and made Saalim Maula Abi Huzaifa their Imam
in prayer, and those praying behind him included Hazrat Umar .
The Quran lifted this child from the farsh (floor) to the arsh (throne),
from the time when no one wanted to buy him to the time when
Hazrat Umar was praying behind him. The Prophet heard his
recitation of the Quran and said All praise is for Allah who made
in my Ummah a person like you. The Prophet also testified that
25
Day 1
its name because of its horn shape, and its golden color to onlookers
at sunset. We drove up and down narrow hilly streets to see the Galata
Tower, a medieval nine-storey stone tower in the Galata district of
Istanbul built by the Genoese in 1348.
On the way back we ate Dondurma, Turkish ice cream known for
its thickness and chewy texture, imparted because of the inclusion of
salep (flour made from the root of Early Purple Orchid), and mastic
(a resin) as key ingredients. As we struggled to enjoy this Turkish
specialty, Hazrat labeled the ice cream as the stickiest in the world!
We returned to the hotel and settled in for the night with smiles on
our faces and immeasurable joy in our hearts at the sweet realization
that we were, indeed, in Istanbul with our Hazrat!
27
Day 2
Visit to the Sacred Trusts
The love of the Prophet that our Hazrat had instilled in our hearts
was making us impatient to see the sacred relics associated with him
and his Companions, on display at the famous Topkapi Palace
Museum, and we knew that for Hazrat this was also a priority. So
without wasting any time, the very first place we visited the next
morning was the Topkapi Palace, and once there, we eagerly made
our way to the Pavilion of Sacred Trusts.
The Topkapi Palace was the official and primary residence of the
Ottoman sultans in Istanbul for approximately 400 years of their
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Day 2
body, just as they would collect the strands of hair that fell from his
sacred body onto the mattress on which he lay. Just as his words were
transmitted from generation to generation, his sacred relics, including
his clothing, his weapons, his staff, his flag, his tooth and even the
strands of his hair, were passed on in families from one generation to
the next. These, as well as objects associated with former Prophets, the
Companions of Prophet Muhammad , and later great Muslims, were
also collected by caliphs, becoming symbols of caliphal rule.
Day 2
Day 2
Back at the bus, this faqir brought pomegranate juice and freshly
roasted corn on the cob for members of the group, and got lots of
duas from some very hungry and thirsty companions!
After seeing the Topkapi Palace Museum, we all became highly
interested in learning more about Ottoman history. To this end, our
next visit was to the Panorama 1453 History Museum.
35
One of the illustrations in the highly detailed scene that struck us all
36
Day 2
was that even in the middle of the fiercest battle the conquering Sultan,
Muhammad al-Fateh , was shown to be flanked on one side by his
spiritual guide, Shaykh Aaq Shemseddin , who was shown raising
his hands in dua, and on the other by the grand Mufti.
Significance of the Conquest of Istanbul
Iqbal summarized the importance of Istanbul in the following verses:
Truly you shall conquer Constantinople and surely what a
wonderful leader will its leader be and surely what a wonderful army will that army be! (Musnad Imam Ahmad)
Day 2
Allah , albeit unknowingly, and there in his sleep, his shaykh was
instructed to inform Osman Ghazi to leave the village at once, for he
was destined for great honor in the world.
Upon awaking from this dream, Osman Ghazis shaykh immediately came to his young student, only to find him clutching the
Quran, tears pouring down his face. He inquired regarding his state
and Osman Ghazi informed him that he had slept the entire night
with his feet towards the shelf in which the Quran was kept. As per
his dream, his shaykh then instructed him to leave, giving him glad
tidings of honor in the world in times to come. Osman Ghazi cried
even more as he had nowhere to go, distressed that his shaykh was
making him leave what he had considered a sanctuary. But his shaykh
insisted that he depart at once, and forced him to leave in order to
pursue his destiny.
Soon after leaving, Osman Ghazi came across a group of ten to
fifteen young men who had dedicated their lives for the service of the
deen. However, they did not have a leader as none of them was willing
to take up that position. The night before they had decided that the
first person they would come across outside the city limits the next
morning would become their leader. As fate would have it, the first
person they thus met was Osman Ghazi. They informed him of their
intention and he readily agreed to fulfill this role.
Thereafter, the band of young men set out in the path of Allah .
Whenever they would pass through a village, they would impress the
local people with their outer beauty and their inward piety. The villagers would ask them where they were headed and were told that the
group had dedicated their lives to the service of Allah . A few men
from every village would join their ranks until, eventually, hundreds
of people came into the fold. They consulted each other and decided
that since Muslim civilians in border towns would often face undue
harassment from non-Muslim armies from neighboring lands, they
would go there to protect the innocent. They headed towards these
border towns with these noble intentions, but when they were a
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Day 2
Day 2
An Extraordinary Plan
Sultan Muhammads massive cannon ball fired on the wall for weeks,
but because of its imprecision and the time it took to reload, the damage it caused was repaired after each shot before the next one could be
fired, thus limiting its effect. Mines were dug under the walls and filled
with ammunition that was then exploded to weaken their foundations,
but the walls were amongst the strongest fortified walls in existence
at the time and proved difficult to penetrate. A heavy chain had been
tied across the entrance of the Golden Horn, preventing the Ottoman
fleet from entering and attacking the city from that side.
When all options seemed closed, Allah inspired Sultan
Muhammad ii with an extraordinary plan, the likes of which had
never before been conceived even by the greatest of military minds.
To circumvent the chain, Sultan Muhammad ii ordered the clearing
of a path across the Galata on the North of the Golden Horn. A road
of greased logs was then laid out over the hills. A team of oxen then
pulled the Ottoman navys ships over the logs into the Golden Horn,
remarkably in the course of a single night. The next morning, the
Byzantine army discovered to their horror that the Ottoman navy was
now at their doorstep. The Ottoman navy now began bombarding
Constantinople from the Golden Horn.
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Day 2
45
With his Shaykh just ahead of him, Sultan Muhammad entered the city
on his horse amidst a jubilant procession, triumphant, yet humble at
the recognition that this unprecedented success was entirely the blessing of His Creator. It was now that he was given the title of Al-Fateh,
The Conqueror. He went straight to the Hagia Sophia, but before
entering it, he took some dust and poured it over his turban as a sign
of his humility before Allah . He then entered what was formerly
the center of Christianity for a thousand years, and there he called the
azaan and performed Zuhr prayers together with his Shaykh. Those
who had taken refuge in the Church, believing that once there, Divine
help would keep them safe from invaders, were now fearful about their
fate. But the victorious sultan had been advised by his Shaykh to respect
the Shariah rules in relation to protection of conquered civilians, and
declared amnesty for them. Byzantine historian George Sphrantzes
was an eyewitness to the fall of Constantinople. In his chronicle about
the fall of the city, he wrote down the events that had taken place at
the end of the third day of the conquest:
On the third day after the fall of our city, the Sultan celebrated
his victory with a great, joyful triumph. He issued a proclamation:
the citizens of all ages who had managed to escape detection were to
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leave their hiding places throughout the city and come out into the
open, as they would remain free and no question would be asked. He
further declared the restoration of houses and property to those who
had abandoned our city before the siege, if they returned home they
would be treated according to their rank and religion, as if nothing
had changed.
After the conquest of Constantinople, the first sermon in the Hagia
Sophia was given by Shaykh Aaq Shemseddin, who is also reported
to have guided the Sultan to the location of the grave of Hazrat Abu
Ayub al-Ansari .
Interestingly, both the first and the last Byzantine emperors were
named Constantine; Constantine I founded Constantinople as the
capital of the Roman Empire a thousand years before the Muslim
conquest, and Constantine xi Palaiologos was the last Roman emperor
who was killed by the Muslims during the Ottoman siege. Constantine
xi Palaiologos was the last reigning Roman emperor to use the title
of Ceasar and after he was killed, there was no other Ceasar to take
his place, thus fulfilling the prophecy of the Prophet as narrated
by Abu Hurayrah :
When Khusraw perishes, there will be no Khusraw after him,
and when Ceasar perishes, there will be no Ceasar after him, and
I swear by Him in Whose Hand is my soul, you shall surely spend
their treasures in the path of Allah . (Musnad Imam Ahmad).
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The tomb had closed by the time we got there but Hazrat led us
in collective dua from outside. Our hearts wept at how the Ummah
today had forsaken the efforts made by this great leader and lost the
spirit that drove him to open this part of the world for Islam; may
Allah grant him the highest place in Paradise. Ameen.
Understanding the Secret of the Ummahs Success
We returned to the hotel with a sense of joy at our glorious past, as
represented by Sultan Muhammad al-Fateh and his conquest of
Constantinople, yet saddened by the realization of our collective
decline since the Ottoman heyday. As if sensing our state, Hazrat sat
us down and talked to us about the causes of our decline, and identified clearly the way out of this abyss.
Hazrat explained that when we were motivated Muslims, exerting ourselves in the worship of our Lord, when our connection with
Allah was strong, and when we lived our lives in accordance with
His Will, we experienced the help of the Almighty in all our affairs.
This was a time about which Poet of the East, Muhammad Iqbal ,
said,
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Of all the brave warriors, there were none but only we,
Who fought Your battles on land and often on the sea
Our calls to prayer rang out from the churches of Europe,
And at times in Africas scorching desert sands
We ruled the world, but regal glories our eyes disdained,
Under the shades of glittering swords the kalima we proclaimed.
However, when we allowed love for the dunya to enter our hearts at
the expense of love for our Creator, when we made our nafs (lower
self ) our guide, when we abandoned adherence to the shariah and
the sunnah of the Prophet and adopted the ideals and ways of the
disbelievers, we deprived our own selves of the Help and Mercy of our
Lord and weakened ourselves before our enemies.
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Hazrat then explained that the only way out of this disgraceful situation is to work on our inner selves. Love for the dunya is the cause
of our spiritual deaths; we must purge our hearts of it before we can
experience a spiritual reawakening and re-establish our connection
with our Lord. This renewed spirit would then inspire us to obey the
Almighty no matter what the odds, and would catapult us to the same
lofty heights that Muslims have experienced in the past.
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Because it cured sick hearts and breathed life into dead ones, the work
of the silsila is crucial to this solution.
Rumeli forts, the entry point for the Sultans naval forces, the Golden
Horn. One way of doing so was by boat, and we decided to venture
into the Bosphorus as soon as the weather would allow for it, which
happened sooner than anticipated.
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Lessons in History along the Bosphorus
It had been drizzling almost constantly since the time we arrived in
Istanbul, with the sky a gloomy grey and the air nippy. However, we
woke up the next morning to a clear blue sky, a bright cheerful sun,
and a pleasant springy breeze. The sudden change of weather raised
our hopes and after Hazrats approval, we rushed to book a boat for
our group. It seemed like most of the other foreign visitors in Istanbul
had the same idea! After much negotiating, we were able to find one
that was available only for the next two hours, so we rushed to make
it in time.
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The experience itself surpassed our expectations. The air was fresh,
the sun pleasantly warm, the scenery spectacular, and the company
(of our Hazrat) unmatched! The water in which we glided separated
the Asian and European sides of Turkey, and we were able to see
some important buildings at the periphery of the city, including the
Anodolu and Rumeli forts on either side. We got a feel for how Sultan
Muhammads naval ships must have approached Istanbul, and also
saw the gateway to the Golden Horn, imagining the frustration of
the Muslim fleet upon seeing it chained off.
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ered the last khalifah8 to have personally led Muslims in the battlefield.
Turning to the Middle East, he renovated the Haramain of Makkah
Mukarramah and Madinah Munawwarah and defeated the treacherous Safavids of Iran. In Asia, he pursued the Portuguese colonialists to
the shores of India and even sent Ottoman support to the Sultanate
of Aceh in modern Indonesia. During Sultan Suleymans time, the
Ottomans were the only superpower of the world and thousands of
talented Europeans fulfilled their dream of immigrating to Ottoman
lands in what can be termed in todays language as a brain drain.
But his greatest legacy was probably his complete reorganization
of the Ottoman legal and administrative system for which he earned
the title of Al-Qanuni, the Law-giver. This law was the cornerstone of
the longevity of the Ottoman Empire for centuries to come. Sultan
Suleyman also had great reverence for the mashaikh of Naqshband
and built a mosque in Istanbul for Baba Haydar Samarqandi , one
of Khwaja UbaydUllah Ahrar s khulafa. Suleyman the Magnificent
passed away while he was out on a military campaign in Hungary. May
Allah grant him shade under His throne on the Day of Judgment.
Ameen.
Nearby is also the tomb of the greatest Muslim architect, Khwaja
Mimar Sinan Agha known in history simply as Sinan al-Mimaar, who
is credited with designing and building more mosques than anyone
else in the history of the Ummah. How unfortunate that our youth
know about Michelangelo and Leonardo di Vinci but do not know
who Sinan was!
Sinan converted to Islam at the age of 21 and joined the Ottoman
military service. He excelled in mathematics and also became a master
of artillery. As an architect, he paid attention to and learnt about
the weak points of buildings while gunning them down during military campaigns. In 1539 at the age of 50, he was appointed the chief
8 Here the term khalifah refers not to an authorized deputy in a spiritual order but
rather the legitimate political leader of the Muslims.
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From Tunis or Algiers or from the Isles?
Two hundred vessels ride upon the waves,
Coming from lands the rising Crescent lights:
O blessed ships, from what seas are ye come?
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We had peeled and eaten pistachios on the upper deck and Hazrat
instructed us to clean up the mess the shells had made before we
got off the boat. Although the boat was fully serviced and the staff
on board even told us that they would take care of it later, Hazrat
insisted that as ambassadors of the Prophetic way we must not leave
behind our mess for others to clear up, and must set a good example
for others to follow.
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brought you out at this hour? Hazrat Abu Bakr explained that he
had been driven out of his house by painful pangs of hunger; Hazrat
Umar informed him that he had left his house for the same reason.
The Prophet came up to them and asked them what had brought
them out at this hour. They told him, upon which he responded, By
Him in Whose hands is my soul, only hunger has caused me to come
out also. But come with me.
They went to the house of Hazrat Abu Ayub al-Ansari . His wife
opened the door and said, Welcome to the Prophet and whoever
is with him. The Prophet inquired about Hazrat Abu Ayub s
whereabouts and was informed that he was not at home. However,
he was working in a nearby palm grove and when he learnt of the
Prophet s arrival, he hurriedly returned home. Welcome to the
Prophet and whoever is with him, he said. Hazrat Abu Ayub
would keep some food for the Prophet every day, and only when
the Prophet had not come for it by a certain time would he give it
to his family. Oh Prophet of Allah , this is not the time that you
usually come, he questioned. You are right, the Prophet affirmed.
Hazrat Abu Ayub understood the reason for the visit; he went to
his garden and cut a cluster of dates which included both ripe and
half-ripe dates. I did not want you to cut this, said the Prophet
referring to the half-ripe dates, fearing that Hazrat Abu Ayub had
deprived himself of future profit by bringing them for him; could
you not have brought only the ripe dates?
O Messenger of Allah , please eat from both the rutb (ripe dates)
and the busr (half ripe dates). I shall slaughter an animal for you also.
If you are going to, then do not kill one that gives milk, cautioned
the Prophet , worried about the fate of the calves that depended on
their mothers milk for nourishment.
Hazrat Abu Ayub slaughtered a young goat, cooked half and
grilled the other half. He also asked his wife to bake something,
because she baked well. When the food was ready, he placed it before
the Prophet and his two Companions. The Prophet took a
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piece of meat, placed it in some bread and said, Abu Ayub, take this
to Fatima. She has not tasted the like of this for days.
When they had eaten until they were satiated, the Prophet said
reflectively, Bread and meat, and busr and rutb! Tears began to flow
from his eyes as he continued, this is a bountiful blessing about which
you will be asked on the Day of Judgment. If such comes your way,
put your hands to it and say ( In the name of Allah) and when
you have finished say, ( Praise be to Allah Who
has satiated us and has bestowed His bounty upon us). This is best.
Such was Hazrat Abu Ayub s good fortune, to be host to the
Best of Creation and to serve him in his time of need. We have
learnt from our Shaykh that a dua made in relevance to a situation we
are in is more likely to be accepted. So we prayed at the grave of this
special Companion to also grant us the special honor of serving His
chosen people, the inheritors of the Prophet .
Much of Hazrat Abu Ayub al-Ansari s life was spent in the path
of Allah . It was said of him that the only thing that kept him from
participating in a battle fought by the Muslims from the time of the
Prophet to the time of Ameer Muawiyah was his engagement
at the same time in another. The last campaign in which he took part
was the one sent by Ameer Muawiyah to open Constantinople for
Islam. Hazrat Abu Ayub at that time was a very old man, almost
eighty years old, but that did not prevent him from joining the army.
Shortly after the campaign began, Hazrat Abu Ayub fell ill and
had to withdraw from fighting. The commander of the army came to
him and asked him if he had any last wishes. He replied, Convey my
salaams to the Muslim armies and say to them that Abu Ayub urges
you to penetrate deeply into the territory of the enemy as far as you
can go; that you should carry him with you and bury him under the
walls of Constantinople. Thereafter, he breathed his last. The Muslim
army fulfilled the desire of this great Companion of the Messenger of
Allah . They pushed back the enemy until they reached the walls
of Constantinople. The Muslims besieged the city for four years but
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Oh what a spectacle it will be when two lovers (of Allah) come together...
Journey to Konya
The flight to Konya was short and sweet, which was a real blessing
considering how exhausted we all were. As soon as we landed in Konya,
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Maulana Jalaluddin Rumi
The seventh century was a time when Ilm-ul-Kalaam (Islamic theology) dominated discourse throughout the Muslim world, to the extent
that anyone who could not partake in a discussion on Islamic doctrine
was considered uneducated. In the absence of spiritual theologians
like Imam Razi and Imam Ghazzali, this debate was often reduced to
a redundant exchange of empty words, which failed to satisfy probing intellects or provide peace to restless hearts. The spirit of Islam,
wherein lay the real strength of this Ummah, was missing. In this time,
Allah inspired Maulana Rumi with the language of love to revive
dead hearts and light the fire of Divine love in the hearts of not just
his contemporaries, but of seekers for centuries to come.
His name was Muhammad, his title Jalaluddin, and he became
known to the world as Maulana Rumi. He was born on the sixth of
Rabi ul Awwal, in 604 ah in a family of religious scholars and noblemen in the city of Balkh in Khurasan, Mazar-e-Sharif in present-day
Afghanistan. His father Baha-uddin Walad, who traced his lineage
from Hazrat Abu Bakr as-Siddiq , later moved to Anatolia, once
the base of the Eastern Roman Empire, in the wake of the Mongol
invasion; it is because of his association with Anatolia (known as
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Born Muhammad bin Ali bin Malik Daad, Shams Tabriz from an
early age carried within his heart the flame of love for Allah . He
had not yet reached puberty when his state of preoccupation with the
remembrance of his Beloved was such that he went without food for up
to forty days at a stretch. Shams Tabriz yearned to find a soul-mate
worthy of his companionship, of becoming his spiritual inheritor. He
travelled far and wide in his search, concealing his identity from those
he encountered along the way, but all in vain. He told his Shaykh, Baba
Kamal , that he had a lot on his chest which he could not adequately
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express in words, and was told that he was soon to meet a person who
will become his tongue. Finally, his Shaykh advised him to visit Rum,
for there he would find a heart that he could fill with light from his
own, the one through whom his state would find expression.
Thereafter Shams Tabriz travelled to Konya and took up
residence in a neighborhood of sugar merchants. Regarding the first
encounter between the ocean of Divine love and marifah (knowledge)
and the thirsty seeker, it is reported that one day Maulana Rumi was
riding his horse on the way to the mosque when Shams Tabriz
stopped him and asked: Tell me, who is greater, Bayazid Bustami
or Muhammad ? Maulana Rumis answer was obvious, that
Muhammad is the best of creation, how then can he even be compared to Bayazid Bustami who, despite his stature as a scholar, was
only an ummati? Shams Tabriz replied: The Prophet said
( We were not able to know you, oh Allah, the way You deserve
to be known), whereas Bayazid Bustami declared ( Oh how
great is my achievement (in knowing Him)!). Maulana Rumi, who
was a great scholar of the Shariah but had not yet deeply understood
sulook, was perturbed by this response, and requested Shams Tabriz
for further elaboration. Shams Tabriz then explained that the
difference is on account of each persons capacity. Muhammad had
an unlimited capacity to drink from the river of marifah, so no matter how much he drank, it seemed meager in comparison with how
much could be obtained. But Bayazid had a much more limited
capacity compared to the Prophet , so after drinking only a glass
of that spiritual wine, he felt satiated.
Another day, Maulana Rumi was reading under the shade of a tree
by a river, a pile of books besides himaccording to one variation he
was teaching a group of his students with a pile of hand-written notes
next to him when Shams Tabriz came by. He asked Maulana
what was going on and he replied This is qaal (words), something
you cannot understand. Shams Tabriz then took Maulanas precious books and threw them in the water. Maulana was aghast. Shams
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Tabriz then recited Bismillah and pulled the books out of the
water and dusted the water off them as if he was dusting sand; the
pages thus dried and Maulana saw that the ink on them had not run
despite having been soaked in water. Maulana was amazed and asked
incredulously, what is this. This is haal (spiritual state), something
you cannot understand, replied Shams Tabriz .
These tawajjuh-laden words of Shams Tabriz changed Maulana
Rumis life forever. He was deeply affected and took Shams Tabriz
to the house of his close friend Salahuddin Zarkub, where they
remained in isolation with each other for 40 days 6 months according to some accountswith no one being allowed to intrude except
the host. There, in the company of his new teacher, Maulana Rumi
experienced a spiritual revolution in his inner self.
The result of his intense devotion to his new teacher was a disinterest
in his own teaching activities, which greatly irked his students and they
turned against Shams Tabriz . At first, Shams Tabriz tolerated
their animosity but eventually was driven by it to leave Konya unannounced, about a year and four months after initially arriving there.
Maulana was traumatized by this sudden departure of his beloved
Shaykh and, contrary to what his students had hoped for, lost whatever
little remaining interest he had in them. As he was later to say:
Oh my beloved since you have left me, my life has become bitter,
Restfulness has become far removed from my soul.
He remained completely cut off from people until he received a letter from Shams Tabriz originating in Damascus, after which he
resumed benefitting those of his students who were not involved in
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responded by saying that there was just a thin barrier remaining between
a lover and his Beloved; do you not wish for it to be removed, so that
light may be merged with light? As one of the pious predecessors said:
No Rumi was born again from the orchards of the non-Arab world
The clay and water of Persia are the same and the same Tabriz is
the thirst-quencher.
this faqir forward to interact with the guide so that the guides feelings would not be hurt. Allah knows best, but it seemed as if Hazrats
heart had now tuned into a different reality. As we moved to Maulana
Rumi s tomb, we quickly read Surat-al-fatiha and moved on to the
museum, as the area around his tomb was crowded by tourists.
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But Allah opened the way for us as he always does when we are
with Hazrat. As our group moved closer to Maulanas resting place,
the tourists began to move back. Hazrat sat next to the resting place
and lowered his head for muraqabah. We followed his example and
tried to drown ourselves in the remembrance of Allah , intoxicated
by the strange feeling that prevailed throughout this city of lovers
and was most intense besides this Chief of Lovers. Throughout the
muraqabah, the tourists stared at Hazrat leading us in zikr. Amazingly,
even the security guards who we feared would ask us to get up, instead
watched and guarded over us the entire time we sat there.
After muraqabah, Hazrat lifted his head and hands and made one
of the most beautiful duas we had ever heard him make. We raised our
hands along with him, while Hazrat beseeched Allah to accept our
attendance at this blessed place, to fill our hearts with His ishq and
include us in the ranks of His true lovers, to fill our hearts with his
marifah and include us in the ranks of his arifeen (knowers of Allah ).
With tears in our eyes, we made our way out of the khanqah into
the gardens. There, our Turkish guide excitedly insisted that he wanted
to show me something very special. Hazrat encouraged me to oblige
him and the guide led me through what seemed like a maze of gardens
to a plaque that read Muhammad Iqbal.
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The guide explained that although Iqbal was not buried here in
Konya, as he was a spiritual son of Maulana, the authorities wanted
to honour him through this plaque. Iqbal himself acknowledged his
spiritual debt to Maulana Rumi in several verses, including these
ones in Asrar-i-Khudi,
Towards the end of our tour of the museum, the guide explained that
this complex served as the khanqah of Maulana Rumi , and that
murids would come here from far and wide for their correction. Any
new murid would follow a set regimen of service in order to erase his
nafs, which first included forty days of looking after the cattle of the
khanqah. Then, for forty days, the murid would sweep the doorsteps
of the other murids rooms with a broom. Then, the next forty days
would be spent in drawing water from the well for the residents of the
khanqah. Similar forty day periods would be spent in other tasks such
as serving in the khanqahs kitchen as a cook and being responsible
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for buying groceries for the khanqah. After passing through all these
stages, the murid would take a bath and repent from his past life. Then,
he would be taught the zikr of the tariqah.
When Shaykh Husain Abdul Sattar (db) heard this, he requested
Hazrat to make dua that Allah bless them with such a khanqah in
America, so that those who are spiritually diseased may have a spiritual
hospital to come to in order to cure themselves of their ailments.
Before we left the khanqah, Hazrat drew our attention to a plaque
on top of the doorway of the khanqah which read:
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that his faiz (spiritual benefit) had truly spread very far and wide.
Hazrat explained that throughout the centuries, countless ulema and
mashaikh had benefited from Maulanas poetry, and in turn they had
benefitted innumerable others. Hazrat said that this happens when
someone serves the deen of Allah with complete ikhlaas (sincerity),
as Maulana Rumi had done.
Abandoned Traditional Schools of Learning
After leaving the khanqah, we made a quick tour by bus of other places
of historical significance in Konya. We quickly stopped by several nowabandoned traditional schools of learning. These were the palaces of
knowledge where once the Quran was memorized, the hadith of the
Prophet and fiqh was taught, and where the hearts of students of
sacred knowledge were illuminated.
It was very sad to see that these schools of learning had now been
abandoned.
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This faqir was reminded of the time we were in Cairo with Hazrat and
had just exited Masjid al-Hussein , which is located in Old Cairo.
In this part of Cairo, we were amazed to see row after row of old
abandoned madrasahs and asked Hazrat about this. Hazrat remarked
that this used to be the neighborhood of the ulema in centuries past.
However, the descendants of these ulema abandoned these palaces of
knowledge, and these schools were now empty. Hazrat then said that
when we visit other parts of the Muslim world, we cannot help but
appreciate the tremendous efforts and sacrifices that have been made
by our ulemathe ulema of Deoband in repeatedly reviving the
deen and the schools of sacred knowledge. It is because of the sacrifices
of these elders in the deen that even today these gardens and palaces
of knowledge continue to flourish in our native lands, and are filled
with the melodious voices of seekers of sacred knowledge.
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gaze, and benefit from his knowledge and wisdom. Members of the
group took turns to ask Hazrat their questions, and Hazrat answered
each one patiently, encouraging the quieter members of the group
to present their queries, and the more vocal amongst them to give
others a chance. It is these moments that us faqirs live for, and live by.
Captivated by the extraordinary relationship between Maulana
Rumi and his teacher, our questions were centered mostly on the
relationship between shaykh and murid, and concerned the spiritual
path in general.
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150, some 250 and so on. The more capacity a person has, the quicker
and more complete is the transfer of faiz from teacher to student.
Maulana Rumi was like a 500 watt bulb who just needed the button
to be turned on, which is what Shams Tabriz did.
Hazrat further elaborated that the capacity to accept spiritual
benefit is dependent on five things: zikr, ilm (knowledge), aajizi
(humility), husn-e-khulq (moral character), khidmat-e-Shaykh (service
of the Shaykh). All these are subsumed under the three principles of
our silsilah, namely zikr, ittiba-e-Sunnah (following the Sunnah of
the Prophet ) and muhabbat-e-Shaykh (love of the Shaykh), the
first one being the fuel that drives our spiritual progress and the latter two being the wings with which we can fly towards Allah . The
questioner asked if any of these can be omitted, and Hazrat in return
asked rhetorically if flying was possible if one wing was cut off; zikre-ilahi, itteba-e-sunnat, and muhabbat-e-shaykh are all necessary for
progress on the sulook, he reiterated.
The questioner then referred to the story of Hazrat Baqi Billah
and his murid, a bread maker who would bring bread for his Shaykh
everyday at mealtime. One day it was raining heavily and Hazrat Baqi
Billah did not expect this murid to bring bread for him in this
extreme weather, when suddenly there was a knock at the door. Upon
opening the door, Hazrat Baqi Billah discovered his dedicated
student standing outside, soaking wet, bearing bread for his Shaykh.
Hazrat Baqi Billah was so moved by this act of love shown by his
murid that he asked the man what he wanted in return. The intelligent
student told Hazrat that he wanted to be just like him. Hazrat hugged
him and transferred the noor of nisbat from his heart into the heart
of his murid. It is said that as a result the murid became so much like
his teacher, he even began to resemble him physically.
The questioner asked how it was possible for this murid of Hazrat
Baqi Billah to benefit so much and so quickly from his shaykh
when, unlike Maulana Rumi , he did not seem to have the capacity
to receive these spiritual treasures. Hazrat explained that sometimes
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that he were to die as a result of attaining the nisbat, should still have
wished for it. Hazrat answered that this nisbat was such a blessing
that he should have wished for it even at the cost of his life. Hazrat
remarked that if we were to attain the nisbat of Hazrat Baqi Billah ,
we were ready to die this very instant, three days was still a long time.
Friends on that day will be enemies of each other,
except the righteous. (Al-Zukhruf: 67)
A person will be with him who he loves (in the Hereafter).
Hazrat explained that Hazrat Abu Bakr as-Siddiq will be with the
Prophet because of his intense love for the Beloved of Allah ,
Hazrat Salman Farsi will be with Hazrat Siddiq-e-Akbar for the
same reason. Similarly, Hazrat Qasim bin Muhammad bin Abi Bakr
will be with Hazrat Salman Farsi , and this will continue through our
chain of mashaikh all the way down to our times. Hazrat said that his
Shaykh, Hazrat Ghulam Habib would be with his Shaykh, Hazrat
Khwaja Abdul Malik Siddiqui , and Hazrat, because of his love for
his Shaykh would be with him. For those of us who loved Hazrat for
the sake of Allah , this love is the only means for us to end up at
the feet of the Messenger of Allah . It is because of the hope that
this hadith gives that the Sahaba said that since entering the fold of
Islam they had never been happier than when they heard these words
from the blessed mouth of the Messenger of Allah . Hazrat quoted
a verse of the Quran that further explained this point,
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And those who believe and whose children followed them
in belief, we shall join their children with them without depriving anyone of the rewards of their deeds. Every
individual is in pledge for his deeds. (At-Tur: 21)
Hazrat explained that the glad tidings contained in this verse from
the Holy Quran were for both biological as well as spiritual progeny.
It is an immense blessing of Allah that he has instilled in our hearts
love for the pious, for we learn of a person who will be forgiven on
the Day of Judgment simply for looking at a wali of Allah with
love. We also learn from a hadith that on that Day, out of the seven
types of people who will enjoy the shade of the Throne of Allah ,
two will be those who love each other for the sake of Allah . The
relationship between Shaykh and murid is one that is purely for the
sake of Allah and has closeness to Allah as its goal for both parties rather than any worldly benefit. So if we keep this relationship
strong till our death, this one act alone could be sufficient to attain
forgiveness on the Day of Judgment.
Hazrat mentioned that some signs of this Ummah were described
in the Torah, and one of them was that it would contain people who
love each other for the sake of Allah . He also referred to a hadith
of the Prophet which foretold of people from different places
and different tribes who would gather merely for the remembrance
of Allah and their stature was such that on the Day of Judgment
their faces would be radiant and they would be resting on chairs of
pearls; although they will be neither the prophets nor from among
the martyrs, people would look at them with envy, and long to be in
their position.
Hazrat then explained the value of love for Allah . He referred
to a narration about Nabi Musa in which he overheard an old man
engaged in conversation with his Lord saying, Oh Allah, I have heard
that you do not have a wife. Oh Allah, were you to come to me I would
attend to You. I would serve You food, wash Your clothes, give You
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yoghurt, and feed You butter. Oh when You fall ill, who takes care of
You? Prophet Musa reprimanded the old man, explaining that use
of such words was disrespectful, insolent, and contrary to the greatness
of Allah . As a result the old man began to cry profusely, seeking the
forgiveness of Allah . But Allah had appreciated the intensity of
the old mans love, regardless of the inappropriate way in which he had
expressed his feelings, and instead reprimanded Nabi Musa saying,
Oh my dear Messenger, I have sent you to bridge the distance between
Me and My creation, not increase it. Hazrat sighed deeply and said
that Allah values love so much that he even appreciated the disrespectful words of this old man. If those acts that are contrary to the
greatness of Allah are pleasing to Him when done out of love, how
happy must He be with those acts of love that befit His most-exalted
stature? Even the objects of love in this world cannot help but have
a soft corner in their hearts for their lovers, so how much must Allah
love those who become so intense in their love for Allah , that
according to a Prophetic tradition, people begin to call them insane.
Hazrat mentioned that this feeling of love for Allah was granted
only to believers; although the angels were always engrossed in praising and worshipping their Lord, they did so in a mechanical way and
were not driven to it by love. It was only believers who could enjoy
this feeling to the extreme.
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the blessings of Allah , even live in palace-like homes, and still reach
the same spiritual heights that our ancestors achieved by renouncing
the pleasures of this world. Hazrat said that we should thank Allah
that He has made this journey easy for us weaklings in this day and age.
Just as today Allah has facilitated our physical journeys in light of
our physical weaknessa journey that would take a month by horse
or camel can be completed today in just an hourhe has also made
our spiritual journey easier. Our silsila, Hazrat said, is like the plane
ride of the spiritual world!
In earlier times, when people had stronger will-power, Allah
manifested the Qadiri, Chishti, and Suharwardi paths and they spread
far and wide; in this time when the believers have lesser determination, Allah has granted popularity to the Naqshbandi way. Even our
elders in the Naqshbandi path endured more mujahada and hardships
in their sulook than their spiritual offspring today, because in general,
the atmosphere then facilitated such rigor. But Hazrat Bahauddin
Naqshband Bukhari cried before Allah for years, begging the
Almighty to open for him a way that will surely lead to Him, but
will be easy to tread. And Allah answered his duas by opening the
Naqshbandi path to him. Hazrat said that because of its ease, this
tariqah will persist till the Day of Judgment.
This hour or so that we thus spent with our Shaykh was without
doubt the highlight of our entire trip, and each one of us wished that
time would stop and we could remain like this forever. However, all
too soon Hazrat decided it was time to pack our bags and head for
the airport, to catch our flight back to Istanbul.
Day 5
Visit to the Hagia Sofia (Ayasofya)
Our first stop the next day was the Hagia Sofia, Greek for Holy
Wisdom, that bastion of Christianity that was converted to a mosque
by Sultan Muhammad al-Fateh immediately after he conquered
Constantinople. It was the church of the Patriarch of Constantinople
and the religious focus point of the Eastern Orthodox Church for
nearly a thousand years.
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One of the most notable features of the Blue Mosque is its six minarets. This is very unique, as most mosques in Turkey have four, two, or
just one minaret. According to one account, the Sultan directed his
architect to make gold (altin) minarets, but he instead made six (alti)
minarets. At that time, the only mosque with six minarets was Masjidul-Haraam in Makkah Mukarramah. When the Sultan found out that
the same number of minarets had been built for the Blue Mosque,
out of adab for Masjid-ul-Haraam, he sent his architect to Makkah
Mukarramah to construct a seventh minaret for the Mosque there.
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passed by, some of whom would get their picture taken with him in
exchange for a small price. As we made our way to our bus, this comical icon waived to us from afar. The difference between the fake and
real faqir was drastic; the former was waiting for people to come to
him, smiling and waving to get their attention, while the latter, our
Hazrat, was swarmed by doting strangers wherever he went, and had
to struggle to escape their attention.
After the Blue Mosque, we headed back to our hotel. Hazrats
flight was that same evening, so he was keen to get back to the hotel
to prepare for the impending journey. To avoid last-minute anxiety,
Hazrat always prefers to be packed well in advance, and at the airport
ahead of time.
Bidding Farewell
We had all hoped against hope that by some twist of fate our time
with Hazrat in Istanbul would be extended, but alas the time came to
bid our beloved Shaykh, the light of our eyes, the undisputed king of
our hearts, farewell. With heavy hearts we accompanied him to the
airport, grateful at the opportunity of having spent so much quality
time with him, wishing, as lovers do, for more and more, and yet more.
Having both witnessed and experienced, time and time again, the
effect of Hazrats suhbah (company) on the hearts of seekers, indeed
of the mere barakah of his presence, we were certain that this trip
would be a life-altering experience for us. And having seen the way
the hearts of both Muslims and non-Muslims were attracted to his
heart, a manifestation of the power of his tawajjuh and the irresistible
magnetic pull of his noor, we knew that neither would the people
blessed enough to behold his countenance in Turkey remain the same.
Iqbal summed it up most eloquently when he said,
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