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UNIVERSIDAD CSAR VALLEJO

ESCUELA DE INGENIERA CIVIL

Determine the forces in

the members of a truss
using the method of
joints and the method of
sections.

CURSO: ESTTICA

SESIN 7: Estructuras simples parte I

1.

Chapter Outline

2.
3.

Simple Trusses
The Method of Joints
Zero-Force Members

Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

ejrodriguezb@ucvvirtual.edu.pe
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Estructuras isostticas

Simple Trusses
A truss composed of slender members
joined together at their end points.

Son aqullas en las que pueden determinarse

los esfuerzos axiales en todas las barras
utilizando, exclusivamente, las ecuaciones de la
esttica (condiciones de equilibrio).

Planar Trusses
Planar trusses used to support roofs and
bridges.
Roof load is transmitted to the truss at
joints by means of a series of purlins.

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Simple Trusses
Planar Trusses
The analysis of the forces developed in the
truss members is 2D.
Similar to roof truss, the bridge truss loading
is also coplanar.

Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

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Simple Trusses
Simple Truss
Form of a truss must be rigid to prevent
collapse.
The simplest form that is rigid or stable is a
triangle.

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Simple trusses

Simple Trusses
Assumptions for Design
1. All loadings are applied at the joint
- Weight of the members neglected
2. The members are joined together by smooth pins
- Assume connections provided the center lines
of the
joining members are concurrent

Armaduras tpicas para techo

Armaduras tpicas para puentes

Otros tipos de armaduras

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The Method of Joints

The Method of Joints

For truss, we need to know the force in each
members.
Forces in the members are internal forces.
For external force members, equations of
equilibrium can be applied.
Force system acting at each joint is coplanar
and concurrent.
Fx = 0 and Fy = 0 must be satisfied for
equilibrium.

Procedure for Analysis.

Draw the FBD with at least 1 known and 2
unknown forces.
Find the external reactions at the truss support
Determine the correct sense of the member.
Orient the x and y axes.
Apply Fx = 0 and Fy = 0
Use known force to analyze the unknown
forces.

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Example 6.1
Determine the force in each member of the
truss and indicate whether the members are in
tension or compression.

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Solution
2 unknown member forces at joint B
1 unknown reaction force at joint C
2 unknown member forces and 2 unknown
reaction forces at point A
For Joint B,

FAB=500N, FBC=707.11N,
FAC=500N

Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

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Solution

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Solution

For Joint C,

FBD of each pin shows the effect of all the

connected members and external forces
applied to the pin.
FBD of each member shows only the effect of
the end pins on the member.

For Joint A,

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Example 6.4

Zero-Force Members
Method of joints is simplified using zero-force
members.
Zero-force members is supports with no loading
In general, when 3 members form a truss joint,
the 3rd
member is a zero-force member
provided no external force or support reaction is
applied to the joint.

Using the method of joints, determine all the

zero-force members of the Fink roof truss.
Assume all joints are pin connected.

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Solution

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For Joint F,

Solution

For Joint G,
For Joint B,
GC is a zero-force member.
For Joint D,
FHC satisfy Fy = 0 and
therefore HC is not a zero-force
member.

Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

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Example

Example

F6-1 Determine the force in each member of

the truss. State if the members are in tension
or compression.

F6-2 Determine the force in each member of

the truss. State if the members are in tension
or compression.
FCB=FDC=500lb, FDA=-400lb, el resto MFN

FAB=FBC=225lb, FCD=FAD=318.20lb, FBD=0

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Example

Example

F6-3 Determine the force in members AE and DC.

State if the members are in tension or compression.

F6-5 Find all forces in the truss.

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Example

Example

F6-6 Determine the force in each member of the

truss. State if the members are in tension or
compression.

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Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

6-3. La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, est

sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo como un
pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca
si los miembros estn en tensin o en compresin.
Considere PI = 800 lb, P2 = O.

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Example

Example

6-7 Determine the force in each member of the

6-8 Determine the force in 6-18 Determine the force

truss. State if the members are in tension or

compression. Assume P1= P2=4kN

each member of the truss.

State if the members are
in tension or compression.
Assume P=800lb.

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in each member of the

truss.
State
if
the
members are in tension
or compression.

FAF=-1500LB, FFE=1200lb, FED=FFE=1200lb,

FAD=-1250LB, FCD=250lb, FAB=-200LB, el resto
MFN

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Example

Example

6-11 Determine the force in each member of the

6-22 Determine the force in each member of the

truss. State if the members are in tension or

compression. Assume P1=600lb, P2=400lb.

truss. State if the members are in tension or

compression.

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Example

GRACIAS

6-24 Determine the force in each member of the

truss. State if the members are in tension or
compression. Assume P=4kN

ejrodriguezb@ucvvirtual.edu.pe

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Docente: Eduar Rodrguez B.

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