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Maximum temp in C
PVC
70
160
HRPVC
85
160
Fire survival
90
250
Silicon rubber
90
250
XLPE cable
90
250
6.
7. What are the differences between the power and control cable?
Power cable: It is used for supplying current to load. It is of larger current carrying
capacity available in single core, 2 cores, 3 cores, 3 | cores, and 4 cores. Single core
is available upto 1000 mm2. Usually power cables are of aluminium. These cables
are graded for higher voltages and possess more cross section area.
Control cable: Control cables are used for control purposes for logics, indication or
annunciation etc. These are of lower current carrying capacity and voltage grading is
also less. These are of less cross sectional area are available in pairs of 2,5,10,25,50
etc.
8. What is the purpose of using corrosion inhibiting compound?
It is used for aluminium conductors while crimping to a lug or ferrule. It prevents
corrosion of aluminium conductor due to oxidation and due to saline atmosphere.
9. Why aluminium armouring for single core 1000 mm2 is used?
Aluminium armouring for single core 1000 mm2 is used so that heating will not take place due
to the flux around the conductor, as the aluminium is a non-magnetic material.
10. What is resistance of copper compare to the aluminium?
Copper is less resistive than aluminium.
11. What is applied over the steel tape armour of PILC cable as serving?
Bituminous covered jute.
12. What is used as insulation for PILC cable?
Impregnated paper.
13. A small quantity of impurity reduces how much of conductivity of copper?
35% of conductivity will be reduced due a small impurity in the conductor.
14. Why cast aluminium tri-foil clamp is used in single core cables laying?
When three conductors are clamped together the fluxes around the conductors are get
cancelled
15.What are the parts of a cable gland?
a. Check nut.
b. Nipple.
c. Metal washer.
d. Neoprene rubber.
e. Metal washer.
f. Compression nut.
16.What are the advantages of PVC insulated cable?
a. Plumbing is not required. Joints can be made easily.
b. As PVC is light the injury caused to it while laying is less.
c. It is corrosion resistant.
d. It has high fire retarding property.
e. It does not break down even if moisture enters.
Miscellaneous (Tests on power cables)
1. What are precautions to be taken while doing maintenance or repair work on power
cables?
A research organised by EPRI (electric power research institute) on medium voltage
XLPE cables found that DC high potential at 80% of the factory value
a. Subsequently reduces the life of the cable and
b. It did not identify significantly weakened cable.
Based on above research recommended maintenance proof test voltage = 60% of the
factory test voltage.
Maintenance and repair:
Before attempting for any corrective maintenance on power cables like replacement
of lugs or jointing of cables following should be taken care
resistance
in
c capacitance in micro farads.
mega
ohms.
time
in
seconds.
The charging current is a function of time and will decrease as the time of the
application of voltage increases. It is the initial charging current when voltage is
applied and therefore not of any value for test evaluation. Test readings should be
taken until this current has decreased to a sufficiently low value.
b. Dielectric absorption current.
The Dielectric absorption current is also high as the test voltage is applied and
decreases as the voltage applicable time increases. This current can be calculated by
the
formula
ia =VCDT-n
Where ia dielectric absorption current.
V test voltage in kilovolts.
C capacitance in micro farads.
D proportionately constant.
T time in seconds.
n constant.
Again time should be allowed before recording test readings so that this current has
decreased sufficiently.
c. Surface leakage.
The surface leakage current is due to the conduction on the surface of the insulation
and not desired in test results and should therefore be eliminated by carefully
cleaning the surface.
d. Partial discharge current.
The partial discharge current, also known as corona current is caused b ionization of
air due to high-test voltage. This current is not desirable and same is normally
5.
6.
7.
8.
Time ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Draw the transformer drying out curve and explain each stage.
At
this
point
the
Switched off.
heaters
are
Rm = 8 * 15
Rt - resistance measured at +C.
Rm = 120 M.
Rm - corrected value to 40C
The IR of DC motor corrected to 40C is 120 M.
11. The armature of a 600 kW, 0.24 k, 1000 rpm DC generator has an indicated IR to
ground of 2 M at a temp. of 30C. what is the recommended value of insulation? Is
it advisable to put the machine in service? Give reason. Correction factor for 30C is
0.5.
Data
given
are
kV 0.24
Indicated
IR
2M
Temp.
30C
Correction factor 0.5
Recommended
value
(Rm)
=
kV
+
1
M
=
0.24
+
1
= 1.24 M
Indicated IR at 30C = 2M
Correction factor 0.5
So value corrected to 40C = Rm = kt * Rt
= 0.5 * 2
=
1M
The generator cannot be put in service because the corrected value is lesser than
recommended value. It should be sent for IR re-conditioning .