Transient Simulation of Synchronous Generators Using Time-Stepping FEM
1
Luo Yingli Zhang Xinli Meng Liang Li Weili Shen Jiafeng
1.
North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206, China
2. Harbin University of Science and Technology Luoyingli@china.com
AbstractThis paper presents a time-stepping finite element
model of a turbo-generator connected to infinite bus via a transformer with delta-star wiring, in which the core saturation, variation of speed and effect of AVR are taken into account. Using this model, various transient process are simulated including short-circuit fault occurrence near the transformer terminal or on the transmission line, clearance of the fault and reclose. The simulation using three generator models, the time-stepping finite element model, linear Park equations and saturation Park equations are compared in the three-phase short circuit fault simulation. The result shows that the power angle stability is increased using the FEM model compared with the other two models.
saturation.
Fig.1. Simulation model of a synchronous generator connected
with power system via a /Y0 transformer.
I. INTRODUCTION
Power system stability has been a great concern with the
increase of capacity. Generator models play an important role in stability analysis. However, it is hard to describe generators performance because of multi-factor effects including iron saturation, eddy current and field distortion. Based on different tools, [1] point out that generator parameters vary with the change of external conditions and the values of d- and q-axis mutual reactance differ greatly and one reactance could be a two times value of the other when generator is in the abnormal states. Many experts have research on developing accurate generator models. Based on FEM, generator models are developed in [2]-[3]. FEM models describe the generator performance more accurately for the consideration of complex interior magnetic field. But these models only concentrate on generator models and have not combined with the power system to take further transient analysis. The time-stepping finite element model of a synchronous generator connected to infinite bus via a transformer with delta-star wiring is developed. The transformer model is coupled via an electric circuit. Various transient simulations using FEM are compared with simulations using linear Park equations and saturation Park equations. II. FEM SIMULATION MODEL
The structure of time-stepping FEM simulation model
shows in Fig.1. The quantities in the figure will be found in [4]. According the structure, three models are applied to describe generator. The internal magnetic field calculation can be solved as two-dimension problem and FEM is applied in the first method. The eighth-order linear Park equations are another method to describe the generator. The third method is to fit the no-load characteristics to establish the model considering the iron
1-4244-0320-0/06/$20.00 2006 IEEE
III. TRANSIENT SIMULATION
According to the Fig.1, various transient processes of three
generator models are simulated. When FEM model applied, the direct current and alternating current in field current both decay more quickly than the simulation using other two methods as shown in Fig.2.
Fig.2 Field current during a three-phase short circuit at
transformer terminals IV. REFERENCES [1] Zhou J, Liu X F, Luo Y L et al, A Study on the Operation Behaviors of Saturated Synchronous Generator Considering the Effect of Multiple Factors, International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems 2001(ICEMS2001), Shen Yang, China, 2001 August 18-20:156-159. [2] S.R. Chaudhry, S.Ahmed-Zaid, N.A. Demerdash. Couple finite-element/state-space modeling of turbo generators in the ABC frame of reference-the no-load case[J]. IEEE Trans no EC, 1995, 10(1): 56-62. [3] R. Escarela-Perez, D.C. Macdonald. A novel finite- element transient computation of two-axis parameters of solid-rotor generator for use in power systems[J]. IEEE Trans on EC, 1998, 13(1): 49-54. [4] Simulation of a synchronous generator connected via delta-star transformer by time-stepping finite element method. Power System Technology [J]. 2004,28(13):36-39.
This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of P.R.
China. 50277011 This work is also supported by Key Laboratory of Power System Protection and Dynamic Security Monitoring and Control under Ministry of Education. , North China Electric Power University
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