DESIGN OF COMPRESSION MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO AXIAL FORCE AND MOMENT

1 Length of the Column

2 Type of Structural Member

Hot Rolled Wide Flange section W 310 X 310 X 226

3 Axial Load
4 Load Factor

5 Factored Axial Load

Pf

6 Moment about 'y' axis at Top

My

7 Moment about 'y' axis at Bottom

My

8 Moment about 'z' axis at Top

Mz

9 Moment about 'z' axis at Bottom

Mz

10 Factored Moment about 'y' axis at Top

My

11 Factored Moment about 'y' axis at bottom

My

12 Factored Moment about 'z' axis at Top

Mz

13 Factored Moment about 'z' axis at Bottom

Mz

14 Yield Stress of Steel

fy

15 Grade of Steel
16 Section Properties of Hot Rolled Wide Flange section W 310 X 310 X 226
bf
=
Outstanding width of Flange

= bf/2

H
tf

tw

Depth of Web

=
=

Moment of Inertia about 'zz' azis

Iz

Moment of Inertia about 'yy' azis

Iy

Radius at Root

Radius of gyration about 'z'

R
rz

Radius of gyration about 'y'

ry

Elastic/Yield Section Modulus about z axis

Zez

Elastic/Yield Section Modulus about y axis

Zey

Plastic Section Modulus about z axis

Zpz

Plastic Section Modulus about y axis

Zpy

Gross area of the section

Ag

Youngs Modulus

G
mo

= E/2(1+)

b/tf

Poisons Ratio
Shear Modulus
Partial Factor of Safety of Material

16 Cross Section Classification

Flange Classification

Hence, the flanges are Class I (Plastic)

d/tw

Web Classification

Hence, the web is Class I (Plastic)

The overall cross section is classified as Class I (Plastic)
For Plastic & Compact Sections b
for semi compact sections b

=
= Ze/Zp

17 Compression Resistance of the Cross Section

The design Compression resistance of the cross section
Nd

= Ag.fy/mo
>

Hence, the design Compression Resistance is Alright

18 Bending Resistance of the Cross Section (As per Cl. 8.2.1.2 of IS 800-2007)
a) The Design Major axis bending Resistance of the cross
section about major 'z'z' axis
Mdz

= b*Zpz*fy/mo
>

b) The Design Major axis bending Resistance of the cross

section about major 'z'z' axis
Mdy

= b*Zpy*fy/mo
>

The design bending resistance of the section is fine along both major z-z axis and minor y-y axis. Hence, the sectio

19 Shear Resistance of the Cross Section (As per Cl. 8.4.1 of IS 800-2007)
The design Plastic shear resistance of the cross section
0.5
Vp
= (Av*(fyw/(3) ))/mo
Maximum Shear Force (Load parellel to web i.e., about zz)
Vz
=
Area of web

Av

For rolled sections load applied parallel to the web, the

shear force is
Vpz

= H*tw
=
>

Maximum Shear Force (Load parellel to flanges i.e., about

y-y)
Vy

Area of web

= 2*bf*tf

Av

For rolled sections load applied parallel to the flanges,

the shear force is
Vpy

>
Hence, the Shear is alright
20 Shear Buckling of the Cross Section (As per Cl. 8.4.2 of IS 800-2007)
for un-stiffned webs, the shear buckling need not be considered if d/t w is lessthan 67
d/tw

Hence, no shear buckling check is required

21 Cross Section resistance check (As per Cl. 9.3.1 of IS 800-2007)

The Shear Force is less than 60% of the designed plastic shear resistance and hence, the cross section needs t
bending and axial force only
Reduced Plastic Moment of Resistance of the section
about 'z-z' axis for Rolled I or H sections
Mndz

1.11*Mdz(1-n)<Mdz

= (if n > 0.2)

>

Reduced Plastic Moment of Resistance of the section

about 'y-y' axis for Rolled I or H sections

= N/Nd

Mndy

= 1.56*Mdy(1-n)(n+0.6)
<Mdz
(if n > 0.2)

>

Hence, the Moment of Resistance of the section for major axis 'z-z' and minor axis'y-y' are alright
22

Cross Section check for biaxial bending with reduced moment resistances (As per Cl. 9.3.1.1 of IS 800-2007)
In the design members subjected to combined axial force (tension
or compression) and Bending moment,should satisfy the relation

For I and H sections,

23

= 5n

(My/Mndy)1+(Mz/Mndz)2 < 1.0

Member Buckling Resistance in compression (As per Cl. 7.1.2 of IS 800-2007)

Nd
= Ac*fcd
fcd

2
2 0.5
= (fy/mo)/(+( - ) )

= 0.5(1+(-0.2)+2)

0.5
= (fy/fcr)

fcr

2
2
= *E/(KL/r)

For buckling about the major axis "z-z', from Table 11 of IS

800-2007
KLz

= 0.65*L

Note: If stiffness of the beams are known, the effective

length should be calculated by using Wood's curves.

For buckling about the major axis "y-y', from Table 11 of IS

800-2007
KLy

= 1.0*L

fcr,z

2
2
= *E/(KLz/rz)

0.5
= (fy/fcr,z)

fcr,y

2
2
= *E/(KLy/ry)

0.5
= (fy/fcr,y)

H/bf

Selection of Buckling curve from table 10 of IS 800-2007

for Hot Rolled I & H sections

tf

=
From Table 10, for buckling about zz axis, use curve 'b' & for buckling about yy axis, use curve 'c'
Select Imperfection Factor () from table 7 of IS 800-2007
Imperfection Factor for curve 'b'

Imperfection Factor for curve 'c'

Buckling Resistance about 'z-z' axis

Pd,z
z

2
= 0.5(1+b(z-0.2)+z )

Xy

2
2 0.5
= (1/(z+(z -z ) )
= Xy*fy*Ae/mo

Pd,z

>
Buckling Resistance about 'y-y' axis

Pd,y
y

2
= 0.5(1+c(y-0.2)+y )

Xz

2
2 0.5
= (1/(y+(y -y ) )
= Xz*fy*Ae/mo

Pd,y

>
Hence, the Buckling Resistance of the section about both major & minor axis is fine
24

Member Buckling Resistance in bending (As per Cl. 8.2.2 of IS 800-2007)

As the member is 4 m long and is unsupported along its length with no torsional or lateral restraint. Ewqual and
end moments of 350 KN.M are applied about the major axis 'z'z'. Hence, the full length of the column must be ch
torsional buckling.
Md

= p*Zp*fbd

Mcr

2
2
2 0.5
= C1[( EIyh)/2(Kly) )](1+(1/20)[(Kly/ry)/(h/tf) ]

For equal and opposite end moments, the values of , K

and C1 from table 42 of IS 800-2007 are

K
C1

=
=

H/tf

Mcr

LT

0.5
= (p*Zpz*fy/Mcr)

LT

Non Dimensional lateral torsional slenderness Ratio

For rolled steel sections
Reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling

XLT

Lateral Torsional Buckling Resistance

25

LT

2
= 0.5(1+LT(LT-0.2)+LT )

XLT
Md

= (1/(LT+(LT2-LT2)0.5)
= XLT*p*Zpz*fy/mo

M/Md

Member Buckling Resistance in Combined bending and axial compression & Determination of moment amplific
per Cl. 9.3.2.2 of IS 800-2007)

Ratio of Applied axial force to the design axial strength

for buckling about the y axis

(P/Pdy)+(KyCmyMy/Mdy)+(KLTMz/Mdz)

Members subjected to combined axial compression and

biaxial bending shall satisfy the Interaction relationships
given as

&
(P/Pdz)+(0.6KyCmyMy/Mdy

ny

Ratio of Applied axial force to the design axial strength

for buckling about the z axis
nz
Ky

= P/Pdy
= P/Pdz
= 1+(y-0.2)P/Pdy
< 1+0.8P/Pdy

Ratio of Moments at bottom & top about zz axis

Ratio of Moments at bottom & top about yy axis

Kz

= 1+(z-0.2)P/Pdz
< 1+0.8P/Pdz

KLT

= 1-(0.1LT ny)/(Cmlt-0.25)
> 1-(0.1ny)/(Cmlt-0.25)

= MZb /MZt or MZ2 /MZ1

= Myb /Myt or My2 /My1

C
Equivalent uniform moment factors obtained from Table my
18 of IS 800-2007 which depends on the shape of the
bending moment diagram between lateral bracing points
in the appropriate plane of bending
Cmz

= 0.6+0.4y > 0.4

= 0.6+0.4z > 0.4

Hence, the value is

Equivalent uniform moment factor for lateral torsional

buckling as per Table 18 of IS 800-2007 corresponding to
the actual moment gradient between lateral suports
against torsional deformation in the critical region under C
mlt
consideration

(P/Pdy)+(KyCmyMy/Mdy)+(KLTMz/Mdz)<1.0
(P/Pdz)+(0.6KyCmyMy/Mdy)+(KzCmzMz/Mdz)<1.0

=
=

Hence, the section is suitable to resist the design action affects.

ND MOMENT
4m

W 310 X 310 X 226

2500 KN
1
2500 KN
100 KN.M
0 KN.M
350 KN.M
-350 KN.M
100 KN.M
0 KN.M
350 KN.M
-350 KN.M
250 N/mm2
fe 410
317 mm
158.5 mm
348 mm
35.6 mm
22.1 mm
246.8 mm
595600000 mm4
189300000 mm4
15 mm
143.6 mm
81 mm
3423000 mm3
1194000 mm3
3948812.256 mm3
1822502.172 mm3
28880 mm2
200000 N/mm2
0.3
76923.07692308 N/mm2
1.1
1
4.452 < 9.4

11.167 < 42

1.00

6563.64 KN
2500 KN

897.46 KN.M
350 KN.M
Hence, OK

414.21 KN.M
100 KN.M
Hence, OK
axis. Hence, the section is OK.

175 KN
7690.8 mm2
1009.16 KN
175 KN
Hence OK
25 KN.M
22570.4 mm2
2961.60 KN.M

25 KN.M
Hence OK

11.17 <67

e cross section needs to be checked for

616.75 KN.M
350.00 KN.M
0.381 >0.2

392.40 KN.M
100.00 KN.M

lright

3.1.1 of IS 800-2007)

+(Mz/Mndz)2 < 1.0

1.904 >1.0
2
0.396 <1.0
Hence, OK

2.6 m

4.0 m
6026.17 N/mm2
0.2037
810.08 N/mm2
0.5555

1.10 <2
35.60 <100 mm

ve 'c'

0.34
0.49
0.5214
0.9987
6555.08 KN
2500 KN
Hence, OK
0.7414
0.8114
5325.87 KN
2500 KN

al restraint. Ewqual and opposite design

the column must be checked for lateral

1/20)[(Kly/ry)/(h/tf)2]0.5

-1
1
2.752
9.775
16884.83 KN.M
0.2418
0.21

0.5336
0.9908
889.17 KN.M
0.3936 <1.00
Hence, OK

on of moment amplification factors (As

(KyCmyMy/Mdy)+(KLTMz/Mdz)<1.0

&
6KyCmyMy/Mdy)+(KzCmzMz/Mdz)<1.0

0.4694
0.3814
1.1669
1.3755
1.0014
1.3051
0.9243
0.6871

-1
0

0.6 >0.4

0.2 <0.4
0.4

0.4
0.9989 <1.0
0.6390 <1.0
affects.